Ushukela wegazi ophansi, noma i-hypoglycemia: izimpawu kwabesifazane, usizo lokuqala nokwelashwa kokudla

Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kwegazi kuncike ezicini eziningi, kufaka phakathi ibhalansi yowesifazane kowesifazane.

I-glucose ilawulwa yizindlala ze-adrenal (adrenaline, glucocorticoids), ama-pancreas (insulin, glucagon), indlala yocansi (ama-hormone e-steroid).

Izizathu zokunciphisa ushukela wegazi kwabesifazane zingaba ngenxa yezinguquko ezihlobene nobudala, ukukhulelwa, nokuzivocavoca komzimba okhubazayo. Ukuhlolwa kwelabhorathri kokwakheka kwamakhemikhali nama-hormone kuzosiza ukuthola ngesikhathi esifanele ushukela wegazi kwabesifazane.

Izimpawu ze-hypoglycemia

I-glucose iyiphathi yamandla yamaseli, ngakho-ke inani layo elanele alizithinti kahle zonke izakhiwo zomzimba.

Okokuqala, ushukela uyadingeka ebuchosheni;

Ukuhlolwa kwe-biochemical kuzosiza ukukhomba uhlobo lwe-hypoglycemia, kuzokhombisa izinga lokuncipha kwe-glucose.

I-hypoglycemia yeqiniso iqoshwa lapho amanani kashukela engaphansi kwe-3.3 mmol / L, mhlawumbe umphumela wesikhashana wethonya lezinto eziphikisayo. I-hypoglycemia yamanga ivezwa ngokuncipha okusheshayo kweglucose. Kutholakala nesivivinyo sokubekezelela ushukela, lapho izinga likashukela lilinganiswa amahora angama-2 ngokuphumula kwengxenye yehora.

Lapho ushukela wegazi ophansi ukhona, izimpawu kwabesifazane zingahlukaniswa yizimpawu zangaphandle. Isiyezi sasekuseni, ukungakhathaleli, ikhanda, ukubukeka kwesikhumba, ukuzamazama kuyizimpawu ezihlaba umxhwele kakhulu zoshukela osezingeni eliphansi kwabesifazane. Amandla endlala amangqamuzana alungiswa ngokudla okunempilo, ukusebenza ngokomzimba okulungile, umbuso olinganiselayo womsebenzi nokuphumula.

Izimpawu eziphambili zoshukela osezingeni eliphansi kwabesifazane:

• ukubonakaliswa okuzenzakalelayo: ikhanda lokushiswa kwamazinga ahlukahlukene, ukungabi nomuzwa wokugcwala ngisho nangemva kokudla, ukukhathazeka nokucasuka;
• ukuphazamiseka kwemvelo: i-tachycardia yeqiniso, imilenze ethuthumela, ukudonsa kwemithambo, okubonisa ukuhamba kwegazi emzimbeni. Ukugxuma okubukhali kushukela phansi kuholela ku-arrhythmia, i-pallor ebukhali, ukuphefumula ngokushesha. Uhlelo lwe-parasympathetic luthuthukisa ukuhamba kwesisu, okuholela endlaleni, ukudumba esiswini;
• kusuka ku-neurology: pre-syncope, ukwazi okungafiphali, ukudonsa kwemikhumbi (kungqongqoza ikhanda). Uhlobo olunamandla lwe-hypoglycemia lubangela ukunqanyulwa kwezingxenye ezithile zobuchopho, eziyingozi ngokulahleka kokuzwa kokulandelayo. Mhlawumbe ukuqala kwe-glycemic coma enoshukela ongu-2.7-2.3 mmol / l (kunqunywe yi-glucometer). Ukukhalipha kwe-pathological kanye nokwephulwa kwemisebenzi yengqondo ngemuva kokukhohlisa kungenzeka;
• imetabolism iyaphazamiseka, amaprotheni namafutha awakhekile kahle, umzimba udinga ukudla okune-carb ephezulu. Ukwehla kwegazi glucose kwabesifazane kubangela umuzwa wendlala, okuholela ekuzuzeni isisindo.

Izimbangela Zoshukela Abaphansi Abesifazane

Ama-indices we-glycemic aphansi aqoshwa hhayi ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela, kodwa futhi akhombisa ukungasebenzi kwamanyikwe, izindlala ze-adrenal kanye nama-gonads.

Izimbangela kashukela wegazi ophansi kwabesifazane, kucatshangelwa ukukhula kwengqondo kwezitho zangaphakathi:

• ukuphazamiseka kwesibindi (imbangela yoshukela wegazi ophansi kwabesifazane, obonakala ngokungasebenzi kokukhiqizwa kwamahomoni e-steroid);
• ukuphazamiseka kokugaya ukudla (ama-carbohydrate awamunwa);
• ukucindezela okungalawuleki ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo (amaseli aqede amandla abo);
• i-pathology yezinso (akukho ukubuyiselwa kwe-glucose kwezinso);
• ukuntuleka kwama-carbohydrate ekudleni (ngesikhathi sokudla okungenama-carbohydrate) noma umthamo ngokweqile wamaswidi anokuqukethwe ushukela omningi;
• ukusetshenziswa njalo kotshwala, i-ethanol ivimba ukwakheka koshukela esibindini;
• i-endocrinopathies (hyperinsulinism, hormone angasebenzi kahle we-hyperglycemic: ukukhula, i-glucagon, i-glucocorticoids, i-catecholamines);
• ama-neoplasms ama-pancreas angabonakali futhi amabi, okuvusa ukwakheka okungalawulwa kwe-insulin.

Ukungakugadli kokudla kowesifazane okhulelwe ngamakhefu amade kuholela ekubulambeni amandla futhi, ngenxa yalokho, impilo ebuthaka, ukwehlisa umfutho wegazi, nokulahlekelwa ukwazi.

Ukuhlaziywa kwelabhoratri kuzokhombisa ushukela wegazi ophansi kwabesifazane abazibandakanye ekwakheni abadinga ukuzivocavoca okuphezulu komzimba.

Lapho ubhalisa emtholampilo wabakhulelwe, abesifazane abakhulelwe banikezwa isitifiketi sokuxolelwa ezimeni zokusebenza okulimazayo nokunzima.

Ushukela oncishisiwe kwabesifazane ubonwa ngokungalingani kwe-hormonal: ukukhulelwa kwamanga, ukuhlinzwa kokuhlukumeza, ukuya esikhathini, i-gynecological pathologies. Ukuhamba kokuya esikhathini okuningi kubangela ukungalingani kwe-biochemical okuvusa ukuhlaselwa kwe-hypoglycemia.

Ukuvimbela i-hypoglycemia, usizo lokuqala

Kungenzeka ukwandisa ushukela ngokulungisa ukusebenza komzimba, ukudla. Uma izimpawu ze-hypoglycemia zingakaqedi, khona-ke ukuhlolwa kwelabhoratri kanye nokuvakashela ochwepheshe abancane kuzosiza ekutholeni imbangela yokungalingani ekwakhekeni kwamakhemikhali kwegazi.

Ukwehla okukhulu kwamazinga kashukela kubangela i-hypoglycemic coma, evimba ubuchopho. Usizo olufika ngesikhathi luzokhipha imiphumela engenakuphikwa yohlelo oluphambili lwezinzwa: unhlangothi, i-aphasia, isithuthwane, i-encephalopathy, i-edema ye-cerebral edema. Kulabo abancike kwe-insulin kanye nabantu abane-pathology ye-glucose, kubalulekile ukunikeza usizo emizuzwini eyi-10-15 yokuqala ukuya ekhefini.

Iziguli ezine-hypoglycemia ziyanconywa ukuba zithathe umthombo kashukela wokugaya okusheshayo: iziphuzo ezinoshukela, i-caramel, isipuni sikashukela, ushokoledi. Uma ukuhlasela sekuqala, khona-ke kungamiswa ngokwakho ngomkhiqizo omnandi.

Ngengozi eyingozi efana noshukela ophansi, izimpawu kwabesifazane zingavezwa ngokubonakala kwangaphandle: ubuso obuphuzi, isikhumba esimanzi, i-tachycardia enepulse eyandayo.

Usizo kufanele lunikezwe ngokushesha ngaphambi kokufika kwe-ambulensi. Isiguli ngeke sikwazi ukunqumela ngokuzimela ukusondela kwetheko ngenxa yesimo esicindezelayo noma ezinye izinto ezicasulayo.

I-algorithm yokunakekelwa kwesimo sezulu esiphuthumayo:

1. ahlinzeke indawo elula: indawo evundlile enekhanda eliphakanyisiwe kancane;
2. usesimweni sokuqonda, ngemisebenzi yokugwinya ephephile, nikeza isiphuzo esiphundu noma ubeke ushukela ngaphansi kolimi (kungakuhle ukusebenzisa imishanguzo eyodwa yokusebenzisa). Isiphuzo singena egazini ngokushesha, siphakamisa ukugcwala kwe-glucose, okungenakwenziwa nge-caramel noma isiraphu obukhulu;
3. ngokwesimo esiphuthumayo, iziguli zine-syringe ene-glucagon, ihanjiswa ngokungaziphathi kahle noma ngokuqondile kanye kanye, hhayi ngaphezu kwe-1 ml. Ukulinganisa okusheshayo kokuhlanganiswa kwamakhemikhali kwegazi kuzovimbela imiphumela engaphenduki ebuchosheni;
4. shayela i-ambulensi ngokuphuthumayo esibhedlela.

Ukudla

Ukutholwa kwe-hypoglycemia esencane kusalungiswa ngokudla. Imenyu ikhethiwe icinga nge-carbohydrate metabolism.

Ukudla okune-fiber yokugaya ende (imifino, okusanhlamvu, izindunduma, izithelo, okusanhlamvu, izinhlobo ezinzima zephasta) kuvuselela ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin kancane kancane.

Ama-carbohydrate asheshayo ne-confectionery emnandi ayifakiwe, ayadingeka ukumisa ukuhlaselwa futhi akuhloselwe ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke.

Akunakwenzeka ukukhipha ngokuphelele ukudla okune-carbohydrate ekudleni, kanye nokufakwa esikhundleni sako okufanele. Ushukela (kufaka phakathi okufihliwe), imikhiqizo ye-confectionery yezimboni ivusa i-glucose, okuzodala ukwehla okubukhali koshukela.

Amavidiyo ahlobene

Izici ezigcwele ze-hypoglycemia kuvidiyo:

Isimo sengqondo sokuxwaya impilo, ukudlula ngesikhathi kwezivivinyo zokwelashwa nokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha kuzosiza ukugwema imiphumela engenakuphikwa. I-glucose ephansi yabesifazane isikhathi eside iholela ku-pathology yezinye izinhlelo zomzimba. I-Myocardial infarction, ama-hemorrhages ezithweni zangaphakathi nakuma-retina kuyabhekwa. Isigaba sokuqala se-hypoglycemia kufanele sibe yisizathu sokuya ku-Therapist, endocrinologist, kanye nesifo sikashukela.