Ukwazi izindlela ezijwayelekile zamazinga kashukela wegazi kuyinto efiselekayo ngisho nakubantu abangagula nesifo sikashukela futhi abahlobene nezokwelapha. Iqiniso ngukuthi ukuhlaziya kwalesi sikhombisi kufakiwe ohlwini lwezifundo zokuvimbela izifo zokuvimbela odokotela abazincomayo ukuthi wonke umuntu angenze okungenani isikhathi esisodwa ngonyaka. Ukwephula okwambulelwe ngesikhathi ku-carbohydrate metabolism kuvame ukusiza ukuvikela ukukhula kwesifo sikashukela futhi kugcinwe nempilo. Inkinga yokuphazamiseka kwe-carbohydrate metabolism ifinyelele izilinganiso ezinjengokuthi lolu cwaningo lwenziwa ngisho nezingane zasenkulisa ngokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha okuhleliwe.
Yini ebhekwa njengokujwayelekile?
Kumuntu ophilile (umuntu omdala), ushukela wegazi kufanele abe ku-3.3-5.5 mmol / L. Leli nani lilinganiswa esiswini esingenalutho, ngoba ngalesi sikhathi ukuqoqwa koshukela egazini kuncane. Ukuze imiphumela yocwaningo ingahlanekezelwe, isiguli akufanele sidle noma yini. Ngaphambi kokuhlaziywa, akunqweneleki ukuthatha noma yimuphi umuthi nokubhema. Ungaphuza amanzi ahlanzekile ngaphandle kwegesi.
Ukuphambuka kukuhlaziyo kungakhombisa ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-carbohydrate metabolism. Akuvamisile ukuthi kube umbuzo wesifo sikashukela, ngokuvamile ngosizo lovivinyo lwamahora amabili ngomthwalo, i-prediabetes kanye nezinye izifo zengqondo. Ezigabeni zokuqala zokukhula kokuphazamiseka kwe-endocrine, ushukela osheshayo ungaba yinto ejwayelekile, yize ukubekezelelwa kwe-glucose (ikhono lokuyisebenzisa ngokwejwayelekile) sekuvele konakele. Ukuthola lesi simo, kukhona isivivinyo sokubekezelela ushukela esikuvumela ukuthi uhlole ushintsho emazingeni kashukela egazini ngemuva kokudla.
Imiphumela engaba khona yokuhlolwa kwamahora amabili ngomthwalo we-carbohydrate:
- isilinganiso sokuzila ngaphakathi kokujwayelekile komzimba, futhi ngemuva kwamahora ama-2 singaphansi kuka-7.8 mmol / l - okwejwayelekile;
- isilinganiso sokuzila asidluli okujwayelekile, kepha ngemuva kwamahora amabili siyisi-7.8 - 11.1 mmol / l - prediabetes;
- isisu esingenalutho singaphezu kwe-6.7 mmol / l, futhi ngemuva kwamahora ama-2 - ngaphezulu kwe-11.1 mmol / l - kungenzeka kakhulu, isiguli sakha isifo sikashukela i-mellitus.
Ukusungula ukutholwa okuyikho kwemininingwane yokuhlaziywa okukodwa akwanele. Kepha kunoma yikuphi, uma kutholakala noma yikuphi ukuphambuka kusuka esimisweni esivumelekile, lesi yisikhathi sokuvakashela i-endocrinologist.
Ungaligcina ushukela wegazi ojwayelekile ngokulandela imigomo yokudla okufanele. Enye yazo ukwenqabela ufulawa uthandela izithelo ezintsha nezinempilo.
Yini ethinta inkomba?
Into esemqoka ethinta amazinga kashukela egazini ukudla okudliwa ngumuntu. Ushukela wokuzila ukudla nangemva kokudla wehluka kakhulu, ngoba ama-carbohydrate alula futhi ayinkimbinkimbi angena emzimbeni kanye nokudla. Ukuwaguqula, kukhipha ama-hormone, ama-enzyme nezinye izinto eziphila ngokusebenza. I-hormone elawula i-carbohydrate metabolism ibizwa nge-insulin. Kukhiqizwa ama-pancreas, okuyisitho esibalulekile sohlelo lwe-endocrine.
Ngaphezu kokudla, izici ezinjalo zithonya amazinga kashukela:
Ushukela wegazi ojwayelekile- isimo somuntu sengqondo;
- ukusebenza komzimba;
- usuku lokujikeleza kokuya esikhathini kwabesifazane;
- iminyaka
- izifo ezithathelwanayo;
- i-pathology yesistimu yenhliziyo;
- lokushisa komzimba.
Ukuphambuka ku-carbohydrate metabolism kwesinye isikhathi kutholakala kwabesifazane abakhulelwe. Ngenxa yokunyuka komthwalo kuzo zonke izitho nezinhlelo, amaphesenti amancane abesifazane abalindele umntwana angaba nesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa. Lokhu kuyindlela ehlukile yesifo, eyenzeka kuphela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, futhi kuvame kakhulu ukudlula ngemuva kokubeletha. Kepha ukuze lesi sifo singathikamezi impilo kamama nengane, isiguli kufanele silandele indlela yokudla eqinile, senqabe ushukela namaswidi futhi njalo sihlola igazi. Kwezinye izimo, owesifazana angahle adinge umuthi, yize kuvame kakhulu ukwenzeka kube okujwayelekile ngenxa yokulungiswa kokudla.
Okuyingozi akuyona kuphela izimo zikashukela ezandayo, kodwa futhi nezimo lapho kwehlela ngaphansi kwesejwayelekile. Lesi simo sibizwa nge- hypoglycemia. Ekuqaleni, kubonakaliswa yindlala enkulu, ubuthakathaka, ukuqina kwesikhumba. Uma umzimba ungasizwanga ngesikhathi, umuntu angahle aqaphele, abe nesifo sokuwa, abe nesifo sokuwa, njll. Ngezimpawu zokuqala zoshukela osezingeni eliphansi, kwanele ukudla ukudla okune-carbohydrate elula futhi ulawule ushukela nge-glucometer. Ukuze uvikele izinkinga ezinzima noma kufe isiguli, kubalulekile ukunaka izimpawu nezimpawu ezinjalo ezethusayo.
Amandla amaningi, yingakho ushukela emzimbeni, adinga ubuchopho. Kungakho ukuntuleka koshukela egazini lomuntu ophilile kusithinta ngokushesha isimo esejwayelekile kanye nekhono laso lokugxila
Yiliphi igazi ukunikela ngokuhlaziya ushukela?
Ukukhuluma ukuthi yiliphi izinga likashukela wegazi elibhekwa njengejwayelekile, umuntu akakwazi ukusho umehluko kuzinkomba ezitholakala kwigazi le-capillary ne-venous. Amanani ajwayelekile wesilinganiso (3.3-5.5 mmol / l) anikezwa nje ngegazi le-capillary elithathwe esiswini esingenalutho kusukela ngomunwe.
Lapho uthatha igazi emthanjeni, inani elifanelekile likashukela lisebangeni le-3.5-6.1 mmol / L. Leli gazi lisetshenziselwa ukucubungula ezindaweni zokucwaninga usebenzisa imishini ekhethekile, kanti negazi elivela emunweni lilikhulu ngokulinganisa ne-glucometer endaweni yasekhaya. Kunoma ikuphi, ukuze uthole izinkomba ezifanele, kubalulekile ukuthatha ukuhlaziywa ngendlela efanayo nodokotela ohambelayo atusa ngayo.
Ngabe kukhona umehluko ezimeni ezigulini nasezindlini zabantu abadala?
Izindinganiso zikashukela wegazi kubantu abadala nasezinganeni zihlukile. Lokhu kungenxa yokungavuthi kohlelo lwe-endocrine, okuthi, njengoba ingane ikhula, ikhula futhi ithuthukise ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Isibonelo, lokho okubhekwa njenge-hypoglycemia kumuntu omdala kuyindlela ejwayelekile yokuziphilisa yomntwana osanda kuzalwa. Izici zobudala zibalulekile ukucatshangelwa ukuhlola isimo sesiguli esincane. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi likashukela ebuntwaneni kungadingeka uma umama etholakala enesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma sokubeletha sasiyinkimbinkimbi.
Ezinganeni zasenkulisa zentsha, izindinganiso ze-glucose zisondele kakhulu kulezo zabesilisa nabesifazane abadala. Kunokwehluka, kepha kuncane, futhi ukuphambuka kubo kungadala ukuhlolisiswa okuningana kwengane ngenhloso yokuhlola isimo sempilo sohlelo lwe-endocrine.
Amanani amaphakathi weshukela wegazi ajwayelekile akhonjiswe kuthebula 1
Ithebula 1. Isilinganiso samazinga kashukela egazini kubantu beminyaka ehlukene
Ngabe ushukela uyathinta i-lipid metabolism?
Uma izinga likashukela liphambuka kokujwayelekile, lokhu kuholela kumetabolism wamafutha angasebenzi kahle. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-cholesterol eyingozi ingafakwa ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi, ephazamisa ukuhamba kwegazi okujwayelekile futhi ikhuthaze ukwanda kwengcindezi yegazi. Izici ezandisa ingozi yokwanda kwe-cholesterol zicishe zifane nezizathu zokukhula kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2:
- ukukhuluphala
- ukuntuleka kokuzivocavoca umzimba;
- ukudla ngokweqile;
- ukuba khona ngokweqile ekudleni kokudla okumnandi nokudla okusheshayo;
- ukuphuza njalo utshwala.
Ukudla okushukela kwehlisa ushukela
Phakathi kokudla, ngeshwa, azikho izifanekiselo zemvelo ngokuphelele zemithi enciphisa ushukela. Ngakho-ke, ngezinga eliphakeme kakhulu le-glucose egazini, iziguli ziphoqelelwa ukuthatha amaphilisi noma ukujova i-insulin (kuya ngohlobo lwesifo sikashukela). Kepha ngokucebisa ekudleni kwakho ngokudla okuthile, ungasiza umzimba ukuba ulondoloze izinga likashukela elilelisiwe.
Ngokwesiko likholelwa ukuthi imikhiqizo eyenza i-glucose ejwayelekile egazini ifaka:
- amantongomane
- upelepele obomvu;
- ukwatapheya
- inhlanzi enamafutha amancane;
- broccoli
- i-buckwheat;
- fsol nethanga;
- ugarlic
- eliphakathi kwehlabathi.
Yonke le mikhiqizo inenkomba ye-glycemic ephansi noma evamile, ngakho-ke kuphephile ukuyifaka kwimenyu yeziguli ezinesifo sikashukela. Ziqukethe inani elikhulu lamavithamini, ama-pigment nama-antioxidants, athinta kahle isimo sohlelo lwezinzwa. Ukudla imifino nezithelo ezintsha kungakhuphula ukungatheleleki futhi kunciphise nengozi yezinkinga zesifo sikashukela.
Ngezikhathi ezithile hlola izinga le-glucose liyadingeka kubo bonke abantu, ngaphandle kokukhetha. Isifo sikashukela singakhula nganoma yisiphi ubudala, uma kunikezwa imvelo yesimanje, ukucindezela okuvamisile nekhwalithi ephansi yokudla. Kudingeka kakhulu ukubhekisisa impilo yakho kulabo abasengozini. Okokuqala, laba ngabantu abanezihlobo zabo eziseduze ezatholakala benesifo sikashukela. Akumele sikhohlwe ngemiphumela emibi yengcindezi, utshwala nokubhema, okungenye yezimbangela ezidala ukwehluleka kwe-carbohydrate metabolism.
