Ngeshwa, isifo sikashukela sibhekwa njenge-pathology engalapheki eyehlisa kakhulu ikhwalithi yempilo yeziguli. Ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo ukusekela amazinga kashukela egazi aphelele ngokulungiswa komsoco, umsebenzi womzimba nokusekelwa kwezokwelapha.
Lesi sifo sinezindlela eziningi ezihlukile komunye nomunye ngezimbangela nangendlela yokukhula. Linye lalawa mafomu liholela ezinkingeni eziningi ezinzima nezingamahlalakhona ezivimbela iziguli ukuthi zisebenze ngokujwayelekile, ziphila, kwezinye izimo, zize zizikhonze. Mayelana nezinkinga ezifanayo, wonke umuntu onesifo sikashukela wesibili uphakamisa umbuzo wokuthi ngabe ukukhubazeka kuyasinikeza yini isifo sikashukela. Yiluphi usizo olungatholakala kuhulumeni nokuthi umthetho uthini ngalo, sizocubungula ngokuqhubekayo esihlokweni.
Okuncane ngalesi sifo uqobo
Isifo sikashukela yisifo lapho umzimba ungakwazi khona ukubamba iqhaza ngokugcwele kumetabolism, ikakhulukazi ama-carbohydrate. Ukubonakaliswa okuyinhloko kwesimo se-pathological yi-hyperglycemia (izinga elikhulayo le-glucose egazini).
Kunezindlela eziningana zalesi sifo:
- Ifomu lokuncika kwe-insulin (uhlobo 1) - livame ukwenzeka ngokuqhathaniswa nesizinda sokuthola ifa, kuthinta abantu beminyaka ehlukene, ngisho nezingane. Ama-pancreas awakwazi ukukhiqiza i-insulin eyanele, okudingeka ukwabiwa ushukela emzimbeni wonke (kumaseli nezicubu).
- Ifomu elingathembekile le-insulin (uhlobo 2) - isimilo sabadala. Ikhula ngokumelene nesizinda sokungondleki, ukukhuluphala, okuphawuleka ngokuthi indlala ihlanganisa inani elanele le-insulin, kepha amaseli alahlekelwa ukuzwela kuwo (ukumelana ne-insulin).
- Uhlobo lokumaketha - lukhula kubantu besifazane ngesikhathi sokuzala. Indlela yokuthuthukisa ifana nohlobo lwe-2 pathology. Njengomthetho, ngemuva kokuba ingane izelwe, lesi sifo sinyamalala ngokwaso.
Inani elikhulu likashukela egazini luphawu oluphambili lwesifo sikashukela
Ezinye izindlela "zokugula ezimnandi":
- ukuhlukunyezwa kofuzo kwamaseli wokugcina ama-insulin;
- ukwephulwa kwesenzo se-insulin ezingeni lofuzo;
- i-pathology yengxenye ye-exocrine ye-gland;
- endocrinopathies;
- isifo esibangelwa izidakamizwa nezinto ezinobuthi;
- isifo ngenxa yokutheleleka;
- ezinye izindlela.
Lesi sifo sikhonjiswa isifiso se-pathological sokuphuza, ukudla, isiguli sivame ukuchama. Isikhumba esomile, ukulunywa. Ngezikhathi ezithile, kuqhamuke uhlobo oluhlukile lubonakala ebusweni besikhumba, obuphulukisa isikhathi eside, kepha buvele futhi ngemuva kwesikhashana.
Ukuqhubeka kwesifo kuholela ekuthuthukisweni kwezinkinga. Izinkinga ezinkulu kakhulu zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelashwa ngokushesha, ngenkathi izinkinga ezingalapheki zikhula kancane kancane, kepha aziqedi, noma ngosizo lokwelashwa.
Yini enquma ukukhubazeka kwakho isifo sikashukela
Iziguli kufanele ziqonde ukuthi uma ufuna ukukhubazeka ngesifo sikashukela, kuzodingeka uzame kanzima. Qinisekisa ukuba khona kwe-pathology kuzofanela kube njalo. Njengomthetho, neqembu 1, lokhu kumele kwenziwe njalo ngeminyaka emi-2, kube no-2 no-3 - njalo ngonyaka. Uma iqembu linikezwa izingane, ukuhlolisiswa kabusha kwenzeka lapho zifinyelela ebudaleni.
Ezigulini ezinenkinga enkulu ye-endocrine pathology, uhambo oluya esibhedlela uqobo lubhekwa njengovivinyo, ingasaphathwa eyokuqoqwa kwemibhalo edingekayo yokudlulisa ikhomishini yochwepheshe bezokwelapha nezenhlalo.
Inqubo yokuqoqa amadokhumenti inqubo ende futhi eyisidina yeziguli
Ukuthola ukukhubazeka kuncike kulezi zinto ezilandelayo:
- uhlobo "lwesifo esimnandi";
- ubukhulu besifo - kunama-degree amaningi, abonakala ngokuba khona noma ukungabikhona kwesinxephezelo sikashukela wegazi, ngokufana, ukuba khona kwezinkinga;
- i-concomitant pathologies - ukuba khona kwezifo ezibucayi ezinkulu kukhulisa ithuba lokuthola ukukhubazeka kwisifo sikashukela;
- Imikhawulo yokunyakaza, ukuxhumana, ukuzinakekela, ukukhubazeka - inqubo ngayinye efakiwe ihlolwe ngamalungu ekhomishini.
Ukuhlolwa kobunzima besi sifo
Ochwepheshe bacacisa ubucayi besimo sesiguli esifuna ukukhubazeka, ngokuya ngezindlela ezilandelayo.
Isifo esithambile sibonakaliswa yisimo esinxephezelwe lapho kugcinwa khona i-glycemia ngokulungisa umsoco. Azikho izidumbu ze-acetone egazini nomchamo, ushukela osesiswini esingenalutho awudluli ngo-7.6 mmol / l, ushukela omchameni awukho. Njengomthetho, leli banga alivumeli isiguli ukuthola iqembu lokukhubazeka.
Ubukhulu obulinganiselayo buhambisana nokuba khona kwemizimba ye-acetone egazini. Ushukela wokusheshisa ungafinyelela ku-15 mmol / l, ushukela uvela kumchamo. Leli degree libonakaliswa ngokuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga ngendlela yomonakalo wokuhlaziywa kwezibalo (i-retinopathy), izinso (nephropathy), i-pathology yesistimu yezinzwa (i-neuropathy) ngaphandle kwe-trophic ulceration.
Iziguli zinezikhalazo ezilandelayo:
- ukungaboni kahle
- ukwehla kokusebenza;
- ukukhubazeka okungakwazi ukuhamba.
Izinga elinzima libonakaliswa yisimo esibi sesifo sikashukela. Amanani aphezulu emizimba ye-ketone emchameni nasegazini, ushukela wegazi ngaphezulu kwe-15 mmol / l, izinga elibalulekile le-glucosuria. Ukunqotshwa kohlaziyo olubonwayo kungu-2-3, kanti izinso ziyisigaba 4-5. Izingalo eziphansi zimbozwe ngezilonda eziyizidudla, kukhula i-gangrene. Iziguli zivame ukukhonjiswa ukuhlinzwa okwakhayo emikhunjini, ukunqunywa komlenze.
Izinga lesifo elibi kakhulu liboniswa yizinkinga ezingenalo ikhono lokuphinda libuyele. Ukubonakaliswa kaningi kuyindlela enzima yokulimala kobuchopho, ukukhubazeka komzimba, ukhubazekile. Umuntu ulahlekelwa ngokuphelele amandla okuhamba, ukubona, ukuzikhonza, ukuxhumana nabanye abantu, ukuzula esikhaleni nangesikhathi.
Ukuhamba okungahambi kahle kungenye yezindlela zokuqinisekisa ukukhubazeka
Ukukhubazeka kwesifo sikashukela
Iqembu ngalinye lokukhubazeka lihlangabezana nenqubo ethile enikezwa ngayo abantu abagulayo. Okulandelayo yingxoxo yokuthi amalungu e-MSEC angalinika nini iqembu likashukela.
Iqembu lesithathu
Ukusungulwa kwaleli qembu kungenzeka uma isiguli sisemngceleni wobunzima besifo obuthambile nobulinganiselayo. Kulokhu, kunokuphazamiseka ekusebenzeni kwezitho zangaphakathi zezinga elincane, kepha akusavumeli umuntu ukuthi asebenze ngokugcwele futhi aphile.
Izimo zokuthola isimo ziyisidingo sokusebenzisa amadivaysi akhethekile ukuze azinakekele, kanye neqiniso lokuthi isiguli asikwazi ukusebenza emsebenzini waso, kepha siyakwazi ukwenza omunye umsebenzi, sichithi isikhathi esincane.
Iqembu lesibili
Izimo zokuthola ukukhubazeka kwabanesifo sikashukela:
- ukulimala kwemisebenzi ebonakalayo yobulukhuni be-2-3;
- I-pathology ye-renal esigabeni esibulalayo, ukwehluleka okungapheli kwe-renal ezimweni ze-dialysis ye-Hardware, dialysis ye-peritoneal noma ukufakelwa kwezinso;
- ukulimala okuqhubekayo kohlelo lwezinzwa oluyingozi;
- izinkinga zengqondo.
I-Hemodialysis - izinkomba zokusungula isilinganiso se-2nd sokukhubazeka esigulini
Iqembu lokuqala
Leli qembu lokukhubazeka ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela libekwe kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:
Thayipha izivivinyo zikashukela ezi-2- ukulimala kwamehlo owodwa noma womabili, kubonakaliswe ekulahlekelweni okuyingxenye noma okuphelele kokulahlekelwa umbono;
- i-pathology enzima yesistimu ye-peripheral yezinzwa;
- ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okukhanyayo;
- Unyawo lukaCharcot nezinye izilonda ezinzima zemithambo yemilenze;
- i-nephropathy yesigaba esibulalayo;
- kuvame ukwenzeka kwehle kakhulu ushukela wegazi, kudinga ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo kwezokwelapha.
Iziguli ziyakhonzwa, zihamba kuphela ngosizo lwabantu ongabazi. Ukuxhumana kwabo nabanye nokujwayeza esikhaleni, isikhathi kuyaphulwa.
Mayelana nezingane
Kungcono ukubonana nodokotela noma uchwepheshe weKhomishani yezingcweti yezokwelapha nezenhlalo mayelana nokuthi yiliphi iqembu lokukhubazeka elinikezwa ingane enefomu lokuya malini le-insulin. Njengomthetho, izingane ezinjalo zinikezwa isimo sokukhubazeka ngaphandle kokucacisa isimo sazo. Ukuhlolwa kabusha kwenziwa eminyakeni eyi-18. Icala ngalinye lomtholampilo elithile licatshangelwa ngamunye, eminye imiphumela iyenzeka.
Inqubo yokuthola ukukhubazeka kuhlobo lwe-2 yesifo sikashukela ingatholakala kulesi sihloko.
Izingane - ukutholakala kokukhubazeka okuhlala isikhathi eside
Ucwaningo olwenziwe ngamaphepha ku-MSEC
Inqubo yokulungiselela iziguli ukukhubazeka iyasebenza futhi yinde. Udokotela we-endocrinologist unikeza iziguli ukuthi zikhiphe isimo sokukhubazeka kumacala alandelayo:
- isimo esibi sesiguli, ukuntuleka kwesinxephezelo sesifo;
- ukwephulwa kokusebenza okujwayelekile kwezitho nezinhlelo zangaphakathi;
- ukuhlaselwa njalo kwezimo ze-hypo- kanye ne-hyperglycemic, com;
- izinga elincane lesifo noma elinganiselayo, esidinga ukudluliselwa kwesiguli emsebenzini omningi ongasebenzi.
Isiguli kufanele siqoqe uhlu lwemibhalo futhi senze izifundo ezidingekayo:
- ukuhlolwa komtholampilo;
- ushukela wegazi
- i-biochemistry;
- ukuhlolwa komthwalo ushukela;
- ukuhlaziywa kwe-hemoglobin ye-glycosylated;
- ukuhlaziywa komchamo ngokusho kweZimnitsky;
- i-electrocardiogram;
- i-echocardiogram;
- i-arteriography;
- i-rheovasography;
- ukubonisana nodokotela wezifo zamehlo, udokotela oyi-neurologist, nephrologist, udokotela ohlinzayo.
Emibhalweni kuyadingeka ukulungiselela ikhophi kanye nephasiphothi yangempela, okudluliselwa kuyena udokotela kuya ku-MSEC, isitatimende esivela esigulini uqobo, okukhishwa ukuthi isiguli selashwa esibhedlela noma esibhedlela.
Kuyadingeka ukulungiselela ikhophi kanye nomsuka wencwadi yomsebenzi, isitifiketi sokungakwazi ukusebenza emsebenzini, uma inqubo yokuphinda kubhalwa kabusha yenzeka.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kabusha, iqembu lingasuswa. Lokhu kungahle kube ngenxa yokuzuzwa kwesinxephezelo, ukuthuthuka esimweni esejwayelekile namapharamitha welebhu wesiguli.
Ukuthola ukukhubazeka, kudingeka ukulungiselela iphakethe elikhulu lemibhalo
Ukuvuselela kanye nezimo zokusebenza
Iziguli ezisungule iqembu le-3 zingawenza lo msebenzi, kepha ngezimo ezilula kunangaphambili. Ubunzima besifo esilinganiselwe buvumela ukuzikhandla okuncane komzimba. Lezi ziguli kufanele zilahle amashifu wasebusuku, uhambo olude lwebhizinisi, nezinhlelo zomsebenzi ezingekho emthethweni.
Uma abanesifo sikashukela beba nezinkinga zokubona, kungcono ukunciphisa i-voltage ye-visual analyzer, ngonyawo lwesifo sikashukela - yeka umsebenzi wokuma. Iqembu lokuqala lokukhubazeka libonisa ukuthi iziguli azikwazi ukusebenza nakancane.
Ukuvuselelwa kweziguli kufaka ukulungiswa komsoco, imithwalo eyanele (uma kungenzeka), ukuhlolwa njalo nge-endocrinologist nabanye ochwepheshe abangochwepheshe. Ukwelashwa kweSanatorium kuyadingeka, ukuvakashela esikoleni sikashukela. Ochwepheshe be-MSEC basungula izinhlelo zokuvuselela iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela ngazinye.
