Izimpawu zesifo sikashukela ezinganeni

Isifo sikashukela yisifo esinamandla se-endocrine esisabalale emashumini eminyaka amuva nje. Isifo sikashukela i-mellitus sibizwa ngokuthi yisifo sangekhulu lama-21, njengenjwayelo yokuphila okungalungile kanye nokudla kunanoma yini enye kuholela ekukhuleni kwayo kancane kancane. Okuxaka lesi simo ukuthi isifo sikashukela yisifo esingamahlalakhona, i.e. ukwelashwa sikashukela kufanele kwenziwe impilo yonke. Izimpawu zalesi sifo ezinganeni zeminyaka ehlukene zihlukile futhi ukuze ungaphuthelwa isigaba sokuqala sesi sifo, kufanele ubazi. Ngemuva kwakho konke, isifo sikashukela enganeni siyisifo esijwayelekile!

Imvamisa, umzimba womuntu ukhiqiza i-hormone ekhethekile - i-insulin, ebhekene nokufakwa kweglucose namanye ushukela ngamangqamuzana omzimba. I-insulini luhlobo lokhiye we-glucose ukungena esitokisini, okuwumsoco ophambili nezinto ezibalulekile ezisebenzayo. Kukhiqizwa ama-pancreas, noma kunalokho, amaseli we-beta weziqhingi zaseLangerhans.

Siyini isifo sikashukela

Isifo se-endocrine, lapho ukumelana ngokuphelele kwe-insulin kusuka emzimbeni womuntu noma ukukhiqizwa kwayo kukhubazekile. Ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwe-hormonal, kunokungalingani kuzo zonke izinhlobo ze-metabolism. I-carbohydrate, amaprotheni kanye nama-metabolism aqukethe amandla. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zesifo, kepha uhlobo olujwayelekile kakhulu 1 nohlobo 2 lwesifo sikashukela.

Ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa nezinsana ezisanda kuzalwa, uhlobo lokuqala luvame kakhulu - isifo sikashukela esincike ku-insulin noma ulutsha. Imvamisa, ukuqoqwa koshukela egazini kusukela ku-3.33 mmol / L kuya ku-6 mmol / L futhi kuya ngokudla okuthethwe kanye nesikhathi sosuku. Ngokuthuthuka kwalesi sifo, i-glucose egazini ihlala ikhuphuka njalo.

Isikimu sesenzo se-insulin ku-carbohydrate metabolism emzimbeni womuntu

Ukugula ezinganeni

Uhlobo lwe-1 isifo sikashukela sikhula ngokuqinile futhi yisifo se-autoimmune, i.e., ukubhujiswa kwamaseli akhiqiza i-insulin ngokwamasosha omzimba abo. Izimpawu zalesi sifo ezinganeni zingavela ngisho nasezigabeni zokuqala zokuphila. Lesi sifo senzeka lapho kuchithwa ama-beta cell angaphezu kwama-90%, okuholela ekwehlekeni okukhulu ekukhiqizweni kwe-insulin emzimbeni womntwana. Imvamisa, ifomu lezingane litholakala kwabasesezingeni lokungena ebusheni, kaningi kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane kuze kube unyaka.

Ezinganeni, ezimeni eziningi, kutholakala isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1.

Izimbangela ezinkulu zalesi sifo ezinganeni ukukhiqizwa kwempendulo yokuzivikela komzimba ezicutshini zabo. Amangqamuzana e-pancreatic aba ngomunye wemigomo ephambili, okuthi, uma ingalungiswa, iholele ekubhujisweni kwamaseli athile ahlobene nohlelo lwe-endocrine. Ukubhujiswa kwamaseli we-endocrine obhekene nokukhiqizwa kwe-insulin emzimbeni wengane kwenzeka ngokushesha, okuholela ekuqaleni kwesifo. Imvamisa, isifo esithathelwanayo segciwane, njenge-rubella, siba yisisusa sokuphendula kwe-autoimmune.

Ezinye izimbangela ezingavamile kufaka phakathi:

• Ukuphazamiseka kwemetabolic kanye nokukhuluphala.
• Ukuntuleka kokuzivocavoca.
• Isisulu sokuqothuka.

Izimpawu zesifo sikashukela ezinganeni zingahlanganiswa nokunye ukuphambuka kwezempilo futhi ukunakwa kufanele kukhokhwe kulokhu!

Izimpawu zesifo

Umtholampilo nezimpawu zezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zesifo zihlukile kancane, kodwa kuzo zombili lezi zimpawu izimpawu zesi sifo ziyefana. Izimpawu zalesi sifo ezinganeni kunzima ukuzazi, ngenxa yokuntuleka kwesithombe esicacile somtholampilo. Izimpawu eziphambili ezikuvumela ukuthi ukhombe noma okungenani ushukela osolisayo zifaka lokhu okulandelayo:

• I-Polyuria Lesi yisimo lapho ingane egulayo ifaka umchamo omningi kakhulu. I-Polyuria ukusabela okucindezelayo komzimba ku-hyperglycemia - ukugcwala ngokweqile kwe-glucose ku-plasma yegazi. Ukuchama kaningi kanye ne-profuse kuqala lapho iqoqo leglucose legazi lingaphezulu kuka-8 mmol / L. Ukwehla ukuqubuka koshukela egazini, uhlelo lokuchama luqala ukusebenza ngemodi ethuthukisiwe bese izinso zihlunga umchamo owengeziwe.
• I-Polyphagy. Ingane egulayo ivame ukuba nobudlova obukhulu. Ukwanda okukhulu kwesifiso sokudla kuhlotshaniswa nokudla okunganele kwe-glucose kumaseli womzimba ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-insulin. Into ebalulekile ukuthi, yize i-polyphagy, ingane ilahlekelwa kakhulu isisindo - lokhu kuyisici esibaluleke kakhulu!

Lezi zimpawu zinqumayo ekubonisaneni kokuqala kweziguli ezinesifo sikashukela, kepha ngokuvamile ezinye izimpawu ezingacacisiwe ziyabonakala nasezigulini. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye, zivame ukutholakala kwisifo sikashukela. I-Polyuria ne-polyphagy yizimpawu zokuqala zesifo, kungakhathalekile ukuthi hlobo luni.

• Ukomela okukhulu. Lesi simo senzeka ngenxa yokuphuma kwamanzi okuchama ngomchamo, okuholela ekukhipheni ukopha kwengane. Imvamisa ingane ikhononda ngama-membrane ama-mucous omile nokoma okunganakuphikwa.
• Ukulunywa kwesikhumba. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi isibonakaliso asibonakali, zivame ukuziveza ohlotsheni lokuqala lwesifo.
• Ubuthakathaka obujwayelekile nokulahlekelwa kwamandla ngenxa yokunganele kwe-glucose kumaseli womzimba.

Uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili lungatholakala sekwephuze kakhulu futhi sitholakala kakhulu lapho kwenziwa izifundo zokuvimbela izifo. Ukuthuthuka kwalesi sifo kuhamba kancane, ngenxa yalesi sizathu kunzima ukuthola ukuthi ngubani.

Izimpawu zesifo sikashukela enganeni zixhomekeka eminyakeni yakhe yobudala

Izinhlobo zesifo sikashukela ezinganeni

Ungabona kanjani ukuthi hlobo luni lokugula ingane enalo nokuthi lesi sifo siveza kanjani? Ukuthola ukutholakala kwesifo okuso, kufanele wazi zonke izimpawu nezimpawu zesifo sikashukela, kanye nomehluko phakathi kohlobo 1 nohlobo 2 lwesifo sikashukela. Imvamisa, izimpawu zesifo sikashukela ezinganeni ziyahlukahluka ngokweminyaka. Kepha futhi ngezindlela eziningi izimpawu zincike ohlotsheni lwesifo.

• Isifo sohlobo lokuqala, ezimweni eziningi, siqala ngokunamandla, futhi kulula ukusisola ukwedlula isifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili.
• Njengomphumela wohlobo lokuqala, isisindo sengane egulayo sincipha kakhulu. Uhlobo lwesibili, kunalokho, ingane ine-metabolic syndrome enokukhuluphala.
• Umehluko obaluleke kakhulu waselabhoratri ukuba khona kwama-antibodies kumaseli we-beta. Endabeni yohlobo lwesibili, ama-antibodies awatholakali.

Izimpawu ezinganeni zeminyaka ehlukile

Izimpawu zesifo sikashukela ezinganeni zingashiyana kakhulu ngokuya ngeqembu lengane. Ubudala bunomthelela omkhulu ezimpawu zomtholampilo, indlela yokuziphatha kwengane, ngakho-ke izimpawu zesifo sikashukela ezinganeni kumele ziqashelwe ngokucophelela. Ukuze ungaphuthelwa isigaba sokuqala sesi sifo, kufanele unake izimpawu zesifo sikashukela ngeminyaka yengane.

Izimpawu zesifo sikashukela i-insipidus ezinganeni

Izimpawu zokugula kwalesi sifo ezinsaneni zifaka ukukhathazeka, ingane ivame ukuphuza, ngokudla okwanele, ingane ayitholi okuningi esindini, umchamo unganamathela, ingane ivame ukulala futhi ngokushesha ilahlekelwe amandla, isikhumba somile, kanti nokulimala kwesikhumba akuphethi kahle. Inkinga enkulu kule minyaka ukuthi ingane ayikwazi ukutshela abazali bayo ngesimo sayo, futhi ukukhathazeka nokukhala kungalungiswa ngephutha lesifo esihluke ngokuphelele, ngokwesibonelo, nge-colic yamathumbu.

Eminyakeni yobudala, ingane inezici ezihlukile zokuziphatha. Ngakho-ke, ingane iba novalo, imvamisa ikhononda ngezinhlungu zekhanda, ukoma futhi ibalekela njalo yangasese. Ngenxa yokuchama kaningi, isifo sikashukela singalingisa i-bedwetting - enursis. Imvamisa, yilokhu abazali abanaka ngakho, futhi ukuxilongwa kwesifo sikashukela kuyabambezeleka. Ingane iyahluleka ukusebenza futhi isesimweni sokuxakwa, njengoba kufakazelwa ukungabi namandla.

Ngokubonakaliswa kwesifo sikashukela esingancikeli i-insulin, kungavela uphawu lwesimpawu - emaciation. Ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo somzimba ngamaphesenti angaphezu kwama-5% koqobo esikhathini esifushane kufanele kuqwashise abazali ngokuqwashisa.

Izimpawu zesifo sikashukela entsheni zingazifihla njengezinye izifo. Lokhu kubuye kube nzima futhi kubambezele ukutholwa, kodwa-ke, lapho wenza ukuhlolwa kweLabhorethi okulula futhi okusebenzayo, kungenzeka ukuthi uqinisekise noma usikhiphe ngaphandle lesi sifo ngezinga eliphakeme kakhulu. Lokhu kuyinkomba efana ne-glycated hemoglobin ne-glucose yegazi. Okwamanje, lezi zinkomba zinqume ekutholakaleni kwesifo sikashukela.

Indlela enkulu yokuthola isifo sikashukela i-mellitus ukukala izinga le-glucose egazini le-capillary

Ungasithola kanjani isifo

Yiziphi izindlela zokuqinisekisa lesi sifo ezinganeni? Ukubona ushukela ezinganeni kanye nefomu lawo kusiza ukwenza izifundo ezikhethekile zaselaborathri kanye nezinsimbi. Izinga legolide ekuqinisekisweni kwezifo ukunqunywa kokuzila ushukela wegazi kanye ne-glycated hemoglobin.

Kuyadingeka futhi ukunquma i-titer of antibodies to cell beta egazini, kanye nama-enzyme anjenge-glutamate decarboxylase kanye ne-tyrosine phosphatase. Lapho la masosha omzimba etholakele, kutholakala ukuthi kutholakala isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 sokuqala bese kukhiqizwa nengane eyodwa yokwelapha i-insulin. Uhlobo 2 sikashukela ezinganeni luvame kakhulu, kodwa futhi lunendawo.