Ukudla komuntu ngamunye kufanele kube nekhalori ephezulu kakhulu nokulinganisela. Isiguli esinesifo sikashukela kufanele sidle ukudla okunjalo okuphuma nakho ushukela egazini kancane kancane. Igama elithi "elimnandi" lisho izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zemikhiqizo. Ingabe uju luyawukhulisa ushukela wegazi? Noma kufanele kuvinjelwe ngokwengxenye ekudleni okunesifo sikashukela?
Ukuhlaziywa kwe- "ban" kuju
Ukuze kuguqulwe imenyu yakhe futhi usebenzise izakhi ezahlukahlukene, umuntu onesifo sikashukela kufanele acubungule izinketho zezithako nezitsha. Ukusetshenziswa okulungileko nokwahlukako kwamaswidi "anqatshelwe" kungenzeka. Isibonelo, ujamu noshokoledi - kuma-sukari esikhundleni (i-xylitol, i-sorbite).
Isimo esijwayelekile soju lufaka izinkomba ezilandelayo ku-100 g womkhiqizo, uma uqhathanisa namanye amaswidi:
| Ukudla okumnandi | Amaprotheni, g | Amafutha, g | Ama-carbohydrate, g | Inani lamandla, kcal |
| uju | 0,3-3,3 | 0 | 80,3-335 | kusuka ku-308 |
| ushokoledi (kumnyama) | 5,1-5,4 | 34,1-35,3 | 52,6 | 540 |
| ujamu | 0,3 | 0 | 72,5 | 299 |
| ama-prunes | 2,3 | 0 | 65,6 | 264 |
| ushukela | 0-0,3 | 0 | 98-99,5 | 374-406 |
Okuqukethwe kwezakhi zomuntu ngamunye kuyahluka. Kuyashintshashintsha futhi kuya ngezici eziningi, kufaka phakathi uhlobo lomkhiqizo nobuchwepheshe bokukhiqizwa kwalo.
Njengoba wazi, isifo sikashukela sihlotshaniswa nokuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic. Emzimbeni wesiguli, i-insulin ye-hormone incane noma i-pancreas ayikhiqizi nhlobo. Ngemuva kokufakwa, ama-carbohydrate angena esiswini, khona-ke amathumbu (ukumunca uju aqala emgodini womlomo). Ama-Sugars athwalwa emzimbeni wonke ngaphandle kokufaka amaseli angenayo i-insulin. Ngokunxeshezelwa okungalungile kwesifo, izicubu ziyafa yindlala, izinga likashukela egazini liyakhuphuka.
Ushukela wegazi ukhulisa ukudlaKunesimo se-hyperglycemia, esihambisana nokoma okwengeziwe, ukuchama. Ushukela ungena kwezinye izicubu ngaphandle kwe-insulin (ubuchopho, izicubu zezinzwa, ilensi yamehlo). Ngokweqile - okukhishwe umchamo ngokusebenzisa izinso, ngakho-ke umzimba uzama ukuzivikela ukuthi weqiswe ngokweqile.
Ukuze kusetshenziswe uju, ukwakheka kuma-indices ejwayelekile kuyadingeka. Ushukela osheshayo kufanele ube ngu-5.5 mmol / L kumuntu ophilile futhi ogulayo onesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1. Ezigulini zohlobo 2, kungahle kube ngamayunithi angama-1-2 ngaphezulu, ngenxa yokubekwa kwezinguquko ezihlobene nobudala. Izilinganiso nazo zithathwa amahora ama-2 ngemuva kokudla, imvamisa ezingeqi kuma-8.0 mmol / L.
IGlucose ne-fructose kuju
Ngabe uju luphakamisa ushukela wegazi noma cha? Njenganoma yikuphi ukudla kwe-carbohydrate, ngejubane elithile, kuya ngohlobo lwezinto ezakhiweni zomkhiqizo. Uju lwemvelo, cishe ngezilinganiso ezilinganayo, kuye ngezinhlobonhlobo, luqukethe ama-monosaccharides: ushukela kanye ne-fructose (levuloses).
| Izinhlobo zezinyosi | Okuqukethwe kwe-glucose,% | Okuqukethwe kwe-fructose,% |
| Acacia | 35,98 | 40,35 |
| Buckwheat | 36,75 | 40,29 |
| Clover | 34,96 | 40,24 |
| Isihlahla seLinden | 36,05 | 39,27 |
| Okusajingijolo | 33,57 | 41,34 |
| Isihlahla se-Apple | 31,67 | 42,00 |
Okunye ukwakhiwa kufaka:
- amanzi
- izinto zamaminerali;
- ama-organic acid;
- amaprotheni wemifino;
- BAS.
Ubisi lwe-glucose ku-apple uju, ngaphezulu - i-buckwheat; iphesenti ephezulu ye-fructose - lime, lokhu kuhlukahluka kubhekwa njengokuhamba phambili
Ukuba nefomula eyodwa ejwayelekile, ushukela kanye ne-fructose kuyahluka ngokwakhiwa kwama-molecule. Izakhi eziyinkimbinkimbi zezinto eziphilayo zibizwa nangokuthi, ngokulandelana, ushukela womvini nezithelo. Amunca umzimba ngokushesha okukhulu. Ngemuva kwemizuzu embalwa (3-5), izinto zingena ohlelweni lokujikeleza. UFructose uphakamisa ushukela wegazi izikhathi eziphindwe izikhathi ezimbili kune- "classmate" yakhe yamakhemikhali. Inomphumela we-laxative, i-levulosis akufanele idliwe ngaphezu kwe-40 g ngosuku.
IGlucose ingumthombo oyinhloko wamandla emzimbeni. Ihlala iqukethwe egazini ngenani le-0,1% noma lisuka ku-80 liye ku-120 mg nge-100 ml. Ukudlula ezingeni le-180 mg kukhombisa ukuphazamiseka okuqhubekayo kwe-metabolic of carbohydrate, ukuqala nokuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela. ISorbitol, esetshenziswa njenge-sweetener, itholakala ngokunciphisa ushukela.
Imininingwane yokuthi ama-carbohydrate oju awangena ngaso leso sikhathi egazini akwanele. Kakhulu, kuqinisekiswa yidatha evela ematafuleni enkomba ye-glycemic (GI). Inani elilinganiselwe futhi libonisa ukuthi umkhiqizo wokudla uhluke kangakanani kwireferensi ejwayelekile (ushukela omsulwa noma isinkwa esimhlophe). Uju ine-GI, ngokusho kwemithombo ehlukahlukene, ilingana ne-87-104 noma, ngokwesilinganiso, i-95,5.
Iqiniso elithokozisayo ukuthi inkomba ye-glucose yomuntu ngamunye iyikhulu noma ngaphezulu, i-fructose ingama-32. Womabili ama-carbohydrate akhuphuka amazinga kashukela kumele athathwe ngokucophelela okukhulu - onesifo sikashukela esinemvelaphi ekhuphuka njalo sinobungozi bokuqhamuka nezinkinga zesifo se-endocrine.
Umuntu onesifo sikashukela uludinga nini uju ngokuphuthumayo?
Uju lusetshenziselwa ukumisa i-hypoglycemia. Ukwehla okukhulu ushukela wegazi wesiguli onesifo sikashukela kungavela ngenxa:
- ukweqa ukudla okulandelayo;
- ukuzikhandla ngokweqile komzimba;
- isidakamizwa se-insulin ngokweqile.
Inqubo ikhula ngokushesha futhi imikhiqizo enoshukela osheshayo iyadingeka ukuvikela inhlekelele. Uju lwalokhu luzodinga i-2-3 tbsp. L., ungenza isiphuzo esimnandi ngokususelwa kuso. Ngeke zilimaze ulwelwesi lwama-mucous larynx ne-esophagus. Ngemuva, isiguli kufanele sidle i-apula noma amakhukhi, silale phansi silinde ukuthi isimo sithuthuke.
Ukunquma uzwela, udinga ukuzama ukudla inani elincane loju (1/2 tsp.).
Izingane, ukuze zingagxilili ukunaka futhi ngokuzithandela zingabangeli ukwenyanya uju, kungcono ukuyinikeza ngokunye ukudla (iphalishi, izithelo)
Ngakho-ke, i-hypoglycemia izomiswa, kepha hhayi ngokuphelele. Kusuka kuju oludliwayo, ushukela wegazi uphakama ngokushesha. Ngemuva kwalokho inkomba izoqala ukwehla, ngoba i-insulin iyaqhubeka ukusebenza. Ukuze unxephezele i-wave yesibili, onesifo sikashukela kufanele asebenzise olunye uhlobo lwe-carbohydrate (yamayunithi ama-2 esinkwa) - isamentshisi elinezinkwa ezinsundu nezakhi ze-ballast (iklabishi, isaladi eluhlaza, izaqathi). Imifino ngeke ivumele ushukela osegazini ukuthi ukhuphuke kakhulu.
Contraindication yokusebenzisa uju ekwelashweni kokudla kungukubekezelela ngakunye komkhiqizo wezinyosi. Ingabonakala ngokulandelayo:
- i-urticaria, ukulunywa;
- ikhala eligobhozayo;
- ikhanda;
- ukuqunjelwa.
Iziguli ziyelulekwa ukuthi zisebenzise umkhiqizo wezinyosi ngenani elingadluli ku-50-75 g, okuyi-100 g, ngokuya ngesisindo sesifo sikashukela futhi esikhundleni sakwamanye ama-carbohydrate. Ngenhloso yokwelapha, ukuze usebenze kahle, uju luphuzwa phakathi kokudla, luhlanzwa ngamanzi abilisiwe (itiye noma ubisi).
Uju luyisithako esinovithamini nokunempilo ekudleni komuntu onesifo sikashukela. Ngemuva kokusetshenziswa kwayo, amaseli obuchopho athola amandla adingekayo, futhi isiguli asinasifiso sokudla amaswidi angavunyelwe ngempela - ushukela kanye nemikhiqizo equkethe kuwo.
