Cishe ikhulu leminyaka, ukukhiqizwa kwezidakamizwa zama-hormone ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela kube imboni ebalulekile embonini yezemithi. Inkulungwane yekota kunezinhlobo ezingaphezulu kwamashumi ayisihlanu ezihlukene zama-hypoglycemic agents. Kungani umuntu onesifo sikashukela ephoqelelwa ukujova imijovo ye-insulin ye-ultrashort kaningana ngosuku? Ngabe amalungiselelo ahluka kanjani komunye nomunye futhi kanjani ukubalwa komthamo odingekayo?
I-insulin nesikhathi sabo
Kuze kube manje, inani lama-insulin laziwa. Kwabanesifo sikashukela, amapharamitha abalulekile womuthi owenziwe ngohlobo lwawo, isigaba, indlela yokufaka, eyenziwe yinkampani.
Isikhathi sokumiswa kwesenzo se-ejenti ye-hypoglycemic emzimbeni sivela ngokwendlela ethile:
- lapho i-insulin iqala ukwenzeka ngemuva komjovo;
- inani eliphakeme kakhulu;
- ubuqiniso obugcwele kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube sekupheleni.
I-Ultrashort insulin ingenye yezigaba zomuthi, ngaphandle kwalapho okuphakathi, okuxubekile, okuhlala isikhathi eside. Uma sibheka igrafu yjika lesenzo samahomoni e-ultrafast, khona-ke inokukhuphuka okubukhali futhi icindezelwe ngokuqinile eceleni kwe-axis yesikhathi.
Imigqa yokuqhafaza yomfihlo, futhi ende, izindlela zisebenza kahle futhi zelulwa isikhathi sokuphumula
Empeleni, isikhathi se-insulin yanoma yisiphi isigaba, ngaphandle kwesayithi lomjovo, sincike ezintweni eziningi:
Yini i-insulin enhle kakhulu yesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2- izindawo ze-ejenti ye-hypoglycemic (ngaphansi kwesikhumba, ku-capillary yegazi, izicubu zomzimba);
- izinga lokushisa lomzimba nendawo ezungezile (izinqubo eziphansi zokusheshisa isivinini, ukushesha okukhulu);
- ukucwilisa isikhumba endaweni yomjovo (ukugwinya, ukudonsa kukhuphula izinga lokuconswa);
- ukwenziwa kwasendaweni, kungenzeka ukuthi kugcinwe indawo yesidakamizwa ezicutshini ezithambile;
- indlela umuntu azizwa ngayo kusidakamizwa esikhokhelwayo.
Uma usubalile umthamo ngqo odingekayo ukunxephezela ama-carbohydrate adliwayo, isiguli kungenzeka singabinaki isishizi esifudumele noma ukuvezwa yilanga futhi sizwe izimpawu zokuncipha koshukela wegazi. I-Hypoglycemia ibonakaliswa isiyezi, ukwazi ukungadideki, umuzwa wobuthakathaka obukhulu emzimbeni wonke.
Ukuhlinzekwa kwe-insulin ene-insulin kuvela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemuva komjovo. Ukuvimbela ukuhlaselwa kwe-hypoglycemia engalindelekanga, okungaholela ekukholekeni, onesifo sikashukela kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi kube nokudla "okudla" okunama-carbohydrate asheshayo aqukethe ushukela, izimpahla ezibhakwe zenziwe ngefulawa yeprimiyamu.
Umphumela womjovo we-pancreatic hormone kuya ngokuthi wenzelwa kuphi. Ukusuka esiswini, kuze kube yi-90% kuyangenwa. Ukuze uqhathanise, ngengalo noma umlenze - okungama-20%.
Ukusuka kumthamo odluliselwe esiswini, umuthi uzoqala ukuvela ngokushesha kunalokho kusuka emahlombe noma ethangeni
Izinkomba zesikhashana ze-insulin ye-ultrashort, ngokuya ngethamo
Insulins of the spectrum efanayo yesenzo, kepha kusuka kumafemu ahlukahlukene angasetshenziswa ngokushintshana. INovorapid ikhiqizwa yinkampani ehlangene yeDenmark-Indian uNovo Nordiks. Abenzi beHumalog yi-USA neNdiya. Zombili zingezinhlobo zabantu ze-insulin. Lesi sakamuva sinezindlela ezimbili zokupakisha: ebhodleleni nasikhwameni semali. ISanofi-Aventis, i-apidra eyenziwe ngeJalimane, ifakwe emapeni wesirinji.
Amadivayisi ngesimo semiklamo ekhethekile ebukeka njengepeni yomthombo we-ink inezinzuzo ezingenakuphikwa phezu kwamabhodlela endabuko kanye nesirinji:
- ziyadingeka kubantu abanombono ongakhubazekile, ngoba imithamo isethwe ngokuchofoza okuzwakalayo;
- ngosizo lwabo, umuthi ungabanjiswa kunoma iyiphi indawo yomphakathi, ngezingubo;
- inaliti incane kunenalithi ye-insulin.
Izidakamizwa ezingenisiwe ezingena eRussia Federation zimakwe ngesiRashiya. Izinsuku zokwenziwa nezokuphela kokuphela kwesikhathi (okujwayelekile - kuze kube yiminyaka emi-2) zinamathiselwe emaphaketheni nasebhodleleni (emkhombeni wengilazi). Amathemba avela ezinkampanini zokukhiqiza afakazela izici zesikhashana. Imiyalo ifakwe emaphaketheni, akhombisa izinombolo zemibhalo okufanele aqondiswe yisifo sikashukela.
Isikhathi sokuphakama sithatha amahora ambalwa. Kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokugayeka okuningana kokudla esiswini, ukuwohloka kwamakhamzimba eziyinkimbinkimbi nokugeleza kweglucose egazini. Ukwanda kwe-glycemia kunxephezelwa ngokuphelele yi-insulin ekhokhelwayo ngethamo elifanele.
Ukuvama kutholakala, okubandakanya ukuthi ukwanda komthamo kuthinta nesikhathi sesenzo somuthi we-hypoglycemic, ebangeni lamafreyimu akhonjiswe kwimiyalo. Kumaqiniso, ama-hormone asheshayo asebenza amahora angama-4 umthamo wamayunithi angaphansi kweziyi-12.
Umthamo omkhulu ukhulisa isikhathi ngamanye amahora ambalwa. Amayunithi angaphezu kwe-20 we-insulin ye-ultrashort ngesikhathi esisodwa awanconywa. Kukhona ingozi enkulu ye-hypoglycemia. I-insulin ethe xaxa ngeke idonswe ngumzimba, iyoba yize futhi ibe yingozi.
Amalungiselelo “amade” nelithi “Lesisemkhatsini” avele angacaci ngenxa yesandiso esengezwe kubo. Uhlobo lwe-insulin ye-ultrashort luhlukile. Ihlanzekile futhi esobala, ngaphandle kokugcwala amafu, amabhloka namabala. Lesi sibonakaliso sangaphandle sihlukanisa ama-insulin e-ultrashort kusuka esikhathini eside.
Omunye umehluko obalulekile phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-insulin ukuthi le "elifushane" lenziwa ngendlela engakhethi, ngaphakathi nangokuzitika futhi, futhi "yinde" - kuphela ngokuzithoba.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, onesifo sikashukela kufanele azi ukuthi okulandelayo ngeke kwenziwe:
- sebenzisa umuthi ophelelwe yisikhathi kakhulu (izinyanga ezingaphezu kwezingu-2-3);
- izitholele ezindaweni zokuthengisa ezingakaqinisekiswanga;
- ukumisa.
Kufanele kuthathwe ukunakekelwa ukuphatha inkampani entsha, engaziwa yokukhiqiza. Kunconywa ukugcina umuthi esiqandisini at lokushisa okuwedlule lama-2-8 degrees. I-insulin yokusetshenziswa kwamanje akufanele igcinwe endaweni ebandayo, okushisa kwekamelo kulungele ukulondolozwa kwayo.
Amacala akhethekile wokusetshenziswa kwe-ultrashort hormone
Esikhathini sokuntwela kokusa, abanye abantu abanesigqi sansuku zonke esiyingqayizivele bakhiqiza inani elikhulu lama-hormone. Amagama abo adrenaline, glucagon, cortisol. Bangabaphikisi bento okuthiwa yi-insulin. Ukufihlwa kweHormonal kusho ukuthi umzimba ulungiselela ukungena ngenkuthalo esigabeni sabo sansuku zonke sempilo. Kulokhu, kunoshukela ophakeme kakhulu ngokweqile lapho kungekho khona i-hypoglycemia yango-nocturnal, ukwephulwa okukhulu kokudla.
Ngenxa yezimpawu ngazinye, ukugcinwa kwe-hormonal kungaqhubeka ngokushesha nangokushesha. Esikhathini sikashukela, i-hyperglycemia yasekuseni iyasungulwa. Isifo esifanayo sitholakala kaningi, futhi ezigulini zombili izinhlobo 1 no-2. Cishe akunakwenzeka ukuyiqeda. Ukuphela kwendlela yokuphuma ngumjovo wamayunithi afinyelela kwayi-6 nge-insulin ye-ultrashort, eyenziwa ekuseni kakhulu.
Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ze-ultrashort akukukhiphi ukugcinwa okuphoqelekile kwezinto zezinto eziphansi ze-carb
Izidakamizwa ze-Ultrafast zivame ukwakhelwa ukudla. Ngenxa yokusebenza kwazo okusheshayo kombani, umjovo ungenziwa zombili ngesikhathi sokudla nangemva kwawo nje. Isikhathi esifushane sokusebenza kwe-insulin siphoqa isiguli ukuthi senze imijovo eminingi usuku lonke, silingisa imfihlo yemvelo yamanyikwe ngokuthathwa kwemikhiqizo ye-carbohydrate emzimbeni. Kufika ezikhathini ezi-5-6, ngokuya ngenani lokudla.
Ukuqedwa okusheshayo kokuphazamiseka okukhulu kwe-metabolic ku-precomatous noma i-coma, uma kwenzeka ukulimala, izifo emzimbeni, amalungiselelo we-ultrashort asetshenziswa ngaphandle kokuhlanganiswa nalaba abade. Kusetshenziswa i-glucometer (idivaysi yokulinganisa ushukela wegazi), i-glycemia iyabhekwa bese kubanjiswa ushukela ekubuyiseleni.
Ubalwa kanjani umthamo we-insulin ye-ultrafast?
Umthamo uncike emandleni we-pancreas ukukhiqiza i-insulin yayo. Bheka amakhono ayo kulula. Kukholelwa ukuthi isitho esinempilo se-endocrine sikhiqiza ama-hormone amaningi ngosuku, kuze kuthi lapho kukhiqizwa amayunithi angama-0,5 kilo nganye yobunzima. Uma onesifo sikashukela enesisindo, ngokwesibonelo, ama-70 kg futhi edinga ama-35 U noma ngaphezulu ukunxephezela, khona-ke lokhu kubonisa ukuqeda ngokuphelele amaseli we-pancreatic.
Kulokhu, i-insulin ye-ultrashort iyadingeka, ngokuhambisana nesikhathi eside, ngezilinganiso ezihlukile: 50 kuya ku-50 noma 40 kuye ku-60. I-endocrinologist isetha inketho engcono kakhulu. Ngakho-ke nekhono elilahlekile le-pancreas ukubhekana nomsebenzi walo, ukubalwa okuyikho kuyadingeka.
Emini, isidingo se- "ultrafast" siyashintsha futhi. Ekuseni kwasekuseni, kudingekile izikhathi ezi-2 ukwedlula amayunithi wesinkwa esidliwayo (i-XE), ntambama - 1.5, kusihlwa - inani elifanayo. Kuyadingeka ukuthi unake umsebenzi womzimba owenziwayo, imisebenzi yezemidlalo. Ngemithwalo emincane, umthamo we-insulin uvame ukungashintshwa. Lapho ukwakhiwa komzimba, ngokwesibonelo, kunconywa ukuthi ngokumelene nesizinda se-glycemia ejwayelekile (6-8 mmol / l) udle i-4 HE eyengeziwe.
Ngokuphambene, i-insulin edema iyinkimbinkimbi yesifo se-endocrine. Ukuze ungakhohlwa lapho kwenziwa khona umjovo, uhlelo luzosiza. Kuyo, isisu (imilenze, izingalo) ihlukaniswe imikhakha ngokuya ngezinsuku zeviki. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, isikhumba endaweni ehlukunyeziwe sibuyiselwa ngokuphephile.
