Ngokwezibalo ezisuka eminyakeni yamuva nje, cishe abantu abangama-60,000 baseRussia baphethwe yi-pancreatitis eqeda amandla minyaka yonke. Kusukela ngo-1980, inani labantu abahlaselwe yilesi sifo liphindaphindwe kabili, futhi emuva kuka-2008, iziguli ezi-3 zabhaliswa kaningi.
Ukwanda okuphezulu kwesifo se-pancreatic kuhlotshaniswa ikakhulu nendlela yokuphila yomuntu wanamuhla. Ezimweni zokuntuleka njalo kwesikhathi nomzamo wokupheka ukudla okunempilo, abantu baya ngokuya bakhetha imikhiqizo yokudla okusheshayo, futhi yile ndlela engcono kakhulu. Okubi kakhulu, ukweqa ukudla kwasekuseni ngokuphelele noma isidlo sasemini, bedonsa inani elikhulu lamafutha nezitsha eziphakeme zamakhalori ezidliwayo.
Imigomo yokwelashwa kwezidakamizwa
I-pancreatitis ingaba yingozi futhi ihlala isikhathi eside, yenza njengesifo esiyinhloko noma ikhule ngokumelene nesizinda seminye i-pathologies. Ukuhlaselwa kokuvuvukala okukhulu kwama-pancreas kwenzeka ngenxa yokungezelela kwama-enzyme ngenxa yokuphuma kokulimala (ukuphuma).
Ngaphansi kwethonya lezinto ezingezinhle, ama-enzymes wokugaya awangeni emathunjini amancane, kodwa hlala ngaphakathi kwethambo. Ngenxa yalokho, empeleni bagaya izicubu zesitho uqobo. Indlela yokusebenza ye-pathological ingadalwa ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha, izithako ezithosiwe nezinongo, iziphuzo ezidakayo, imikhiqizo eyenziwe ngogwayi nangokubhema.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukwelashwa kwamanyikwe ngamathebulethi ngesikhathi sokukhulisa akusetshenziswanga ngenxa yokucanuzelelwa inhliziyo kwenhliziyo nokuhlanza njalo. Imithi iphathwa ngomjovo noma ukumnika, idonsa, indlela.
Izimpawu ezikhombisa ukuthi kukhona i-pancreatitis eyingozi yilezi ezilandelayo:
- izinhlungu eziphikelelayo esifundeni se-epigastric, kwesokunxele i-hypochondrium. Kungaba ngesimo se-zoster futhi unikeze i-blade ehlombe kwesokunxele. Ngemuva kokudla nalapho ulele emhlane wakho, ukuqina kuyaqina;
- ukwanda kokushisa komzimba;
- isicanucanu nokuhlanza okungalethi impumuzo;
- kuphuzi kwabamhlophe bamehlo, kwesinye isikhathi isikhumba;
- I-dyspeptic phenomena - ukuqhakaza, ukuthopha;
- ukubonakala kwamabala aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka eduze nenkaba.
Ukwelashwa kwe-pancreatitis kuhlale kuyinkimbinkimbi futhi kuhloselwe hhayi kuphela ukuqeda izimpawu. Umsebenzi wawo ophambili ukuthonya imbangela eholele ekwandeni kwalesi sifo.
Uhlu lwezidakamizwa olubekelwe ukwelashwa kwe-pancreatitis lumi kanje:
- ama-analgesics, kufaka phakathi i-narcotic. Ungasebenzisi izidakamizwa ezinomphumela onobuthi esibindini, - i-sulfonamides, iTylenol;
- amalungiselelo enzyme kanye nokuvimbela;
- ama-antacid ukwehlisa i-acidity yejusi yesisu;
- imithi elwa namagciwane
- ama-anti-dysbiosis agents;
- ama-enterosorbents;
- umuthi wokunciphisa ushukela wegazi;
- amavithamini izakhiwo;
- ama-hepatoprotectors;
- ama-anticholinergics avimba umlamuleli we-acetylcholine.
Enzymes
Ama-molecule we-polymer wezinto ezakha ukudla azinza impela ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile. Emzimbeni womuntu, kufanele aphulwe phansi emazingeni okushisa aphansi - 36.6 °. Ukuze uqhathanise, singabilisa amaqanda enkukhu, amaprotheni lawo asetshenziswa kuphela emanzini abilayo.
Ukuze ukusabela kwamakhemikhali kwenzeke ngaphansi kwezimo “ezinobumnene”, ama-hydrolysis kanye nama-catalyss angaphenduki ayadingeka. Lezi zinto zikhiqizwa emgodini womlomo, esiswini nakwezinye izitho zomgudu wokugaya ukudla. Ama-enzymes e-pancreatic aqala umsebenzi wawo ngokugaya ukudla ekugcineni, aphule amaprotheni abe ama-amino acid, amafutha abe yi-glycerin nama-carboxylic acid, nama-carbohydrate abe yi-monosaccharides.
Uma inani le-enzymes ye-pancreatic juice lehla, khona-ke ukufakwa kokudla emathunjini kunzima noma kuyayeka. Ukuze unxephezele ukusweleka kwabo, kulungiselelwe amalungiselelo e-encyme - Pancreatin, Mezim-forte, Creon, Panzinorm, Enzibene, Licreaz, Pancreolipase, Mikrasim, Herm Herm.
Ngama-pathologies ahambisanayo wepheshana lokuphilisana, amaphilisi avela kumanyikwe kufanele aqukethe ama-acid anamafutha. Amathuluzi anjalo afaka i-Festal, i-Enzistal, i-Digestal, i-Enzim ne-Ferestal. Yonke imithi equkethe ama-enzyme kumele idakwe ngokudla.
I-Kontrikal ingumuthi wemvelo, ngoba yenziwe emaphashini ezinkomo
Izithasiselo
Ukwelashwa kwe-antenzyme kwenziwa uma kwenzeka kutholakala ukuthi kutholakala ukuthi kukhona i-pstreatitis (i-acute) pancreatitis, ehambisana nokuvuvukala kanye ne-hyperamylasemia yamanyikwe. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukusebenza kwawo kukhuphuka kakhulu, futhi ukukhiqizwa kwama-enzyme kwenzeka ngesivinini esisheshayo. Ngenxa yalokho, esikhundleni sokugaya ukudla, ama-enzyme enkuthazo aqala ukugaya isitho uqobo futhi asonakalise.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lonke uhlelo lokugaya luyahlupheka, futhi okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-enzyme egazini kuholela ekuphuzisweni komzimba kanye nokuwohloka kwenhlala-kahle yempilo. Kulokhu, amaphilisi anjalo we-pancreas azosebenza:
- Contrikal;
- Gordox;
- I-Aprotinin.
Kunconywa ukuthatha amalungiselelo e-antienzyme kuphela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala ngemuva kokuqala kwesifo, ngoba ngokuzayo ukusebenza kwabo kuyancipha.
Ama-Painkiller nama-antispasmodics
Ukudambisa izinhlungu, ezingaba buhlungu kakhulu, ama-analgesics asetshenziswa - Analgin, Baralgin, Paracetamol. Ama-anti-spasms asiza ukuqeda izidakamizwa ze-antispastic - No-Shpa, Gastrocepin, Atropine, Platifillin, Papaverine.
Uma isisu sibuhlungu kabi, kungenzeka ukuthi usebenzise izidakamizwa ezitholakala nge-intramuscularly. Ama-analio ama-opioid aqinile yiTramadol (Tramal) ne-Promedol.
Ama-analgesics nama-antispasmodics anqunywe njengemijovo futhi asebenza kakhulu ku-pancreatitis engamahlalakhona.
Amaphilisi ezinhlungu emaphashini avela eqenjini lezidakamizwa ezingezona i-antiidal (i-Diclofenac, i-Ibuprofen nokuqhamuka kwawo) awasetshenziswanga, ngoba athinta kakhulu ulwelwesi lwe-mucous lwepheshana lesisu. Lokhu kungaholela ekutheni kube nezinhlungu ezengeziwe.
Ama-antiemetics nama-antacid
IGastrocepin ithathwa imizuzu engama-30 ngaphambi kokudla, umthamo wansuku zonke usukela ku-50 uye ku-150 ml
Ukuhlaselwa kwesicanucanu nokuhlanza okuvela ngokuvuvukala kwemithi yokwe-pancreas edambisa izidakamizwa ezifana neCerucal, Metucal, Metoclopramide. Kudingeka amaphilisi we-antiemetic ukuvikela ukomisa.
Ukugaya okujwayelekile kwi-duodenum, kuyadingeka imvelo ye-alkaline, evame ukuhlinzekwa yi-sodium bicarbonate ejusi le-pancreatic kanye ne-bile. Uma umsebenzi we-pancreas nokuphuma kwe-bile kuphazamiseka, khona-ke i-alkalization ye-coma yokudla ayenzeki.
Ukunciphisa okuqukethwe kwe-acidic okuvela esiswini, kubekwa ama-antacid - iHilak-forte, Fosfalugel, Almagel, Maalox, Enterosgel nezinye izixazululo ze-alkaline.
Ezinye iziguli zingahlangabezana nobuhlungu besilonda esibuhlungu, ikakhulukazi esiswini esingenalutho. Izikhumbuza ngomonakalo emzimbeni wamanyikwe. Kulokhu, amaphilisi ezinhlungu zesisu azosiza - i-Omeprazole, iDalargin, Gastal noma uRenny. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi i-soda ivinjelwe le njongo. I-carbonate, eyakhiwa ngemuva kokusetshenziswa kwayo, inyibilika emathunjini futhi ikhuthaza ukwenziwa kabusha kokudla okugayiwe.
Amagciwane nama-Enterosorbents
Ngenxa yokushoda kwe-enzymatic ku-pancreatitis, ibhalansi ye-acid yesisekelo sokudla etholakala emathunjini iyaphazamiseka. Ngenxa yalokhu, esikhundleni sokugaya, izinqubo zokubeka kanye nokubila kuqala, okuholela ekubonakaleni kobuthi nezinto eziyingozi emzimbeni.
IPolyphepan iyathunqisa cishe ubuthi bonke obaziwayo obusendleleni yokugaya ukudla komuntu
I-Dysbacteriosis inomthelela ekuwohlokeni okubukhali kokufakwa kwezakhamzimba namavithamini, istulo sokukhubazeka nokukhathala. Ama-probiotic aqukethe i-bifidobacteria eyomile ne-lactobacilli asetshenziselwa ukubuyisela ibhalansi phakathi kwama-microorganisms anenzuzo kanye ne-pathogenic.
Amagama amaphilisi we-dysbiosis:
Okufanele ukwenze uma ushukela wegazi egxuma- Linex;
- I-Bifidumbacterin;
- I-Lactobacterin;
- I-Bifiform;
- I-Acipol;
- I-Acylact;
- IGastroparm
- I-Biobactone;
- I-Bifilis;
- I-Bifikol;
- I-probifor.
Indlela yokusebenza yokwenza ama-enterosorbents isuselwa ekuthatheni ubuthi kanye nomphumela we-bactericidal. Lapho ukhetha umuthi wesiguli esithile, aqondiswa umthamo we-sorption womuthi, okungukuthi, umthamo wawo wokufaka.
Nge-pancreatitis, inani elikhulu lemicu engafakwanga nezinto ezinobuthi zingena emathunjini. Njengomphumela, ukuqhakaza kwenzeka, i-peristalsis iyaqina, futhi inxenxa ukuwohloka ukuthi kube kaningi.
I-Linex isetshenziselwa ukwelapha nokuvikela i-dysbiosis yanoma imuphi umsuka
Ama-Enterosorbents anqunyelwa ukukhipha umzimba ubuthi kanye nokwenza buthaka umsebenzi wamathumbu. Okudume kakhulu futhi okuthandwa yilokhu yi-carbon ocushiwe. Izidakamizwa ezinjengeSmecta, Polysorb, Polyphepan, Lactulose, Filtrum-Sti ziyasebenza futhi ku-pancreatitis.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukuguqula isimo ngokwejwayelekile, akwanele ukuphuza ithebhulethi eyodwa noma amaningi alezi zimali. Kudingeka inkambo yokwelashwa, engaqala ezinsukwini eziningana kuya enyangeni noma ngaphezulu.
Ukwehlisa ushukela kanye nemithi elwa namagciwane
Kuyadingeka ukwelapha ama-pancreas nge-pancreatitis acute, i-pancreatic necrosis neoplasms, kanye ne-pancreatitis engapheli ngokubuyela emuva njalo usebenzisa ama-antibacterial agents. Ngokuya ngesimo sesiguli, udokotela unquma ukuthi imaphi amaphilisi noma imijovo ezosebenza kakhulu. Imithi elwa kakhulu esetshenziswa kakhulu uchungechunge lwe-macrolide ne-cephalosporins - iCefoperazone, Cefixime, Rifampicin, Kanamycin.
Endabeni yokunamathela kulesi sifo esiyisisekelo sesifo sikashukela, isiguli sidluliselwa ukuba sihlolwe ngudokotela wobuchopho. Udokotela ukhetha imali yokushintsha ushukela ngendlela yethebhulethi noma anikeze imijovo ye-insulin.
Ngakho-ke, ama-pancreas angalapheka kuphela ngokwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi, okunqunywa ngemuva kokuhlolwa okuphelele. Ukuzilawula kwamaphilisi ngokuphelele ngeke kulethe impumuzo, futhi okubi kakhulu, kungasheshisa inqubo yokuvuvukala. Ngakho-ke, lapho kuvela izimpawu ze-pancreatitis, kubalulekile ukuxhumana nesikhungo sezokwelapha futhi sihlolwe isifo. Yiba nempilo!
