Kwabahedeni, umbuzo olula: kungani umuntu edingeka ngegazi?
Impela, impendulo esisobala kakhulu ukuthi igazi liyadingeka ukuze umzimba uphile. Hhayi-ke, akufanelekile ukuya ehlathini elifanele, uma ubuza, kwenzeka kanjani lokhu? Kwanele ukukhumbula "isiphetho" sekhanda likaSolwazi Dowell ngenkathi ehamba naye ifomula yempilo.
Ake sicabange okomzuzwana bese sibona ukuthi umzimba umqhele wokudalwa koMdali ogqamile kanye nohlelo oluhlukile lokuzibusa. Ukusebenza kwayo kahle kunikezela ukumelana nezinto zangaphandle.
Yigazi ekuhambeni kwalo okungapheli elinikeza zonke izitho ngezakhi ezidingekayo kanye namagesi ahilelekile ezinqubweni ze-metabolic.
Ukubaluleka nobulukhuni bokujikeleza kwegazi kwamanyikwe kuqhathaniswa nemisebenzi eyingqayizivele eyabelwe yona.
Imithambo ye-pancreatic organ
Noma ngubani okungenani ngemibandela ejwayelekile ofunda ukwakheka kwe-anatomical nokwakheka kwezitho zangaphakathi zomuntu ubengeke ahluleke ukuqaphela ezinye izici. Zisebenza eqinisweni lokuthi isitho esisetshenziswa kababili esisebenza ngasikhathi sinye imisebenzi yokugaya neyama-endocrine, okuyi-pancreas, asinayo imikhumbi yaso yempi.
Bese kuphakama umbuzo osemthethweni: ubani futhi kanjani uqinisekisa isikhathi sesikhathi sale nto ebalulekile?
Iqiniso ngukuthi, ngokombono wemvelo, zonke izindlala zezimfihlo ezihlanganisiwe zinesikimu sazo sokuhlinzeka ngegazi nokwakhiwa kwazo okukhethekile.
Isakhiwo samanyikwe
Ukusuka kwi-aorta, engxenyeni yayo esiswini, isiqu se-celiac sisuka. Yikona, ihlukaniswe yaba yimikhumbi enikezela ngamanothi afanayo angaphandle kwe-pancreas ngegazi.
Ngokusebenza ngokugcwele kwamanyikwe, kuye kwahlanganiswa inethiwekhi eyakhiwe ngama-artery eyakhiwe "nge-caliber" encane ne-arterioles, sekwenziwe nemikhumbi emincane ngaphambi kwama-capillaries.
Iziteshi ezijwayelekile zokuhlinzekwa kwegazi ziyimithambo eminingana ngesikhathi esisodwa:
- I-pancreatoduodenal artery ephezulu, kanye namagatsha omthambo we-gastroduodenal. Zibonisa ukungena kwe-hepatic artery ejwayelekile. Umsebenzi wabo ufaka "ukunikezwa kwegazi" lekhanda le-pancreatic kusuka ohlangothini olungaphambili lwangaphambili.
- Umthambo ophansi we-pancreatoduodenal. Ukusuka kude nomthambo ophakeme we-mesenteric, ihlinzeka ngegazi endaweni engemuva lekhanda le-pancreatic.
- Umthambo we-splenic. Ukondla igazi emzimbeni kanye nomsila we-gland kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwawo okubalulekile.
Imithambo ye-pancreatoduodenal engenhla nengaphansi nayo yakheka phakathi kwabo ukwakheka okukhethekile okuyingqayizivele (okuhlanganisiwe) - le yimithambo ye-anterior and posterior pancreatic-duodenal. Ukujikeleza emuva okusebenzayo kufaka phakathi i-arter yamuva ne-anterior pancreatic-duodenal artery. Kusuka kumthambo ovamile we-hepatic.
Yisixazululo esiqhakazile esinjengesakhi somzimba esivumela igazi ukuba lijikeleze ngokuqhubekayo ngemithambo yegazi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho kusuka emithanjeni, igazi lihamba eduze kwama-arterioles kanye nama-capillaries, livula kuwo wonke ama-pancreas, kugcwala izicubu ngezakhi kanye nomoya-mpilo. Lapha, ngokuya ngesakhiwo esidlakadlaka ngokuqhuma, ama-hormone aqhamuka eziqhingini zepancreatic ziye emiseleni yegazi.
Isikimu sokuhlinzekelwa kwegazi kuzitho zangaphansi zesisu sesisu enkulumweni yevidiyo:
Uhlelo lwe-Lymphatic
Sikhumbuza umfundi ukuthi i-lymph yinto ewuketshezi enjalo enamaseli wokuzivikela angavikeli, njengama-macrophages, ama-phagocytes, ama-lymphocyte, futhi futhi nezinto ezihlakazekile ezivela ku-lobules yayo.
Yisakhiwo se-lymphatic esidlala indima ebalulekile ezinqubweni ze-metabolic (metabolic) kanye nokuhlanzwa kwezicubu zomzimba namaseli.
Khumbula ukuvuvukala kwama-lymph node. Ukuvuvukala kwabo uqobo kukhombisa ukuthi banomsebenzi omningi futhi kungalesi sikhathi lapho babelwa khona amaseli angaphandle, izinto kanye namagciwane. Kepha amabutho ayaphela futhi adinga ukwesekwa kanye nosizo ngohlobo lwezinhlamvu zokwelapha. Nakhu ukuqhathanisa okungokomfanekiso.
Uhlelo lwe-pancreatic lymphatic luqukethe:
- imikhumbi ye-celiac lymphatic plexus;
- ama-lymphatic capillaries avela esikhaleni sezwe;
- izindawo eziphansi neziphezulu ze-lymph;
- iziqu zamathumbu ze-lymphatic;
- imodi ye-celiac.
Ama-pancreas akha uhlelo oluyinkimbinkimbi futhi oluxakile lwe-lymph, lona, oluhlanganiswe, lube ngesilinganiso se-extraorganic ne-intraorganic.
Lesi sakamuva sigcwele kakhulu ngama-anastomosing (imilomo exhunyiwe) ama-capillaries we-lymphatic. Inethiwekhi eyinhloko ye-capillary ilinganiselwe endaweni yangakini ku-lobe eyodwa ye-gland. I-vem flow flow iqondiswa kusuka emathunjini we "pancreas" kuya ebusweni bayo.
Ezikhungweni ze-interlobar ezandisiwe, kwakhiwa imithombo eminingi yamakamelo enamasaka amakamelo amaningi. Ukusuka lapha, i-lymph igeleza ingene kuma-lymph node wesifunda.
I-pancreas inezindawo ezintathu zokuphuma kwe-lymph.
Bathola igama labo kusuka kumsele omkhulu oyisisekelo obondlayo:
- I-mesenteric ephezulu.
- I-Hepatic
- I-Splenic.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, imvelo idale elinye igatsha lama-lymph node. Ibekwe eceleni kwamanyikwe.
I-lymph ye-Vector igeleza ngezindlela ezine:
- Kuqonde endaweni eyi-splenic lymph node.
- Ngakwesokudla kuma-lymph node wesisu.
- Iwa, ibhekise ezingxenyeni ezingaphezulu ze-lymph zemessentery.
- Ngakwesobunxele, kuya kuma-lymph nasesiswini.
Lapho uthola futhi welapha izifo ze-pancreatic, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubheka izici zokuhlinzekelwa kwegazi layo.
Funda kabanzi ngohlelo lwe-lymphatic enkulumweni yevidiyo:
Izimpawu nokuxilongwa kwezifo zohlelo lwe-vascular system
Ama-pancreas yisitho esizwela kakhulu esiphendula kokungafani okuncane kakhulu. Ikakhulu uma kukhulunywa nge-pathology yokunikezwa kwegazi lakhe.
Isimo sezokwelapha siphawula ukuthi kunzima impela ukuthola ukuphazamiseka kwe-innervation (ukunikezwa kwezicubu ngamangqamuzana ezinzwa) kanye nokunikezwa kwegazi kuma-pancreas, ngoba lokhu i-pathology akusebenzi njengesifo esizimele, kepha kususelwa emtholampilo onzima wohlelo lwezinhliziyo.
Kulokhu, ukutholakala kwesifo esingezansi kuba yisisekelo.
Lezi zimbangela zibandakanya:
- isifo sokuqina kwemizwa;
- ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo;
- i-arterial hypertension ngenxa ye-atherosulinosis.
Isiphetho sokuxilonga senziwa kucatshangelwa lezi zizathu ezingenhla, ezifika ezingeni elinqabile ezithinta ukusebenza kwegazi.
Lezi zifo ziholela ekushintsheni kwe-pathological ku-parenchyma (amaseli asebenzayo). Ngenxa yalokhu, amangqamuzana ejwayelekile e-pancreatic ayafa, futhi indawo yawo kuhlala kuyo izicubu ezithintekayo. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-fibrosis iyenzeka, isb., Ukwanda kwezicubu ezithintekayo nokwakheka kwezibazi. Kulokhu, ukukhuluma ngokusebenza komzimba okujwayelekile ngeke kube okungenasidingo.
Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo kuholela ekuphulweni kokuhlinzekwa kwegazi kwe-venous. Futhi, ngenxa yalokho, kukhona ukuvuvukala kwesitho se-pancreatic, ukwanda ngosayizi waso nokungasebenzi. Ku-parenchyma, izinqubo zokuvuvukala ziyasebenza, ezitholakala ngokwanda kwe-diastase (i-enzyme alpha-amylase) kumchamo nasegazini.
Akukho lutho olumangazayo noma oluqondayo ngokuqonda okungeke kwenzeke uma umfundi ephinda efunda isitatimende sokuthi utshwala buyingozi enkulu yezimpawu eziqondayo eziholela ekuphazamisweni ekunikezelweni kwegazi kumanyikwe. Okumele ukwenze - ngoba umuntu uqobo, uma evule noma evimba umgabangi wakhe onamandla, okwazi ukumisa inkambo ethile yemicimbi.
“Inyoka eluhlaza” ecasulayo yokugeleza kwegazi kwe-gland. Ngaphandle kokuphakelwa okwanele kwegazi, izicubu ziyeka ukuthola umoya-mpilo kanye nezakhamzimba ngenani elifanele. Ukufa kwabo ngokomzimba kwenzeka, okuholela ku-nealosis enjenge-avalanche-like whole.
Ividiyo evela kuDkt Malysheva:
Isibonakaliso sesifo sohlelo lokujikeleza kwama-pancreas akuyona into ehlukile, kepha noma kunjalo sinokubonakaliswa kwesici.
Lokhu kufaka phakathi:
- usizi esiswini ngemuva kokudla;
- ubuhlungu be-bhande bufika kuleligxeni lasemahlombe langakwesobunxele;
- isicanucanu kuphenduka ukuhlanza;
- ubuthakathaka nobuthakathaka;
- i-adynamia - ubuthakathaka bemisipha ngokulahleka okuphelele kwemisebenzi yezimoto.
Umuthi wanamuhla unesipiliyoni esikhulu ekuhlonzeni nasekuhlonzeni izifo zohlelo lwe-vascular of the pancreatic organ.
Le ndlela yelebhu futhi yensimbi.
Esokuqala sifaka:
- fecal alpha amylase assay;
- ukuhlaziywa kwe-diastasis yegazi nomchamo.
Izindlela zokucwaninga izinsimbi zihlanganisa:
- I-Ultrasound yamanyikwe, okuwukucwaninga okubukwayo kwesakhiwo se-gland kanye nama-ducts we-excretory;
- i-compact tomography yezitho zesisu ezinomenzeli noma ongenawo umehluko;
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-Doppler ultrasound yemithambo yegazi, lapho kutholakala khona i-pathology yemithambo ye-pancreatic.
Imvelo yadala umuntu, kepha ayizange imnikeze izingxenye ezisele. Le aphorism isebenza ngokuphelele kumanyikwe kanye nohlelo lwayo lokunikezela ngegazi. Akudingekile ukukhuluma ngokubaluleka kokusebenza kwegama lomzimba wonke kanye nesimo sengqondo sokucophelela kubo ngakwinkosi yabo, eyindoda yomuntu.
