Ukuqapha isimo sempilo somzimba wakho kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile sokuvimbela izifo eziningi ezingamahlalakhona.
Ukuhlola isimo esijwayelekile, kusetshenziswe izinkomba eziningi ezichaza ubukhona noma ukungatholakali kokuphambuka kwesijwayelekile. Okunye okubaluleke kakhulu phakathi kwabo izinga leglucose egazini.
Kungani sidinga ukuhlaziywa?
IGlucose isebenza njengomthombo oyinhloko futhi olula kakhulu wamandla omzimba. Ngesikhathi sokukhipha i-oxidation yayo, amandla adingekayo ekusebenzeni kwazo zonke izitho ayakhululwa, futhi ukuze ifike kuzo, kumele idabule ukungena kwegazi.
Le carbohydrate ingena emzimbeni kanye nokudla, ikakhulukazi imikhiqizo emnandi nofulawa. Iyamunwa ngokushesha bese iqala ukudakwa. Ukweqisa kwayo kugcinwa ngendlela ye-glycogen esibindini.
Uma i-glucose inganele, umzimba uqala ukusebenzisa eminye imithombo yamandla: amafutha futhi, ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, amaprotheni. Kulokhu, imizimba ye-ketone iyakhiwa, iyingozi emsebenzini wezitho eziningi zomzimba.
Ngokugcwala okuningana kwe-glucose egazini, lokhu okugcina kuba ligqinsi, futhi ushukela uqobo uyindlela enhle kakhulu yokwakhiwa kwamagciwane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izinguquko ze-pathological emzimbeni zenzeka, maqondana nokwephulwa kwesakhiwo semithambo yegazi, iziphetho zezinzwa nezinye izinto.
I-pancreatic hormone, i-insulin, kufanele ilawule le nqubo. Isiza ushukela ukuthi ungenwe, futhi wehlise ngokweqile. Uma ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin kukhubazekile, lokhu kuholela kokuqukethwe okuningana kwe-glucose egazini - i-hyperglycemia, noma kwehle kakhulu - i-hypoglycemia.
Ezigabeni zokuqala zokwephulwa, izinga le-glucose legazi lingalungiswa futhi imiphumela emibi ingagwenywa kusetshenziswa izindlela ezilula njengokudla okufanele. Uma ukwephulwa kuphazamise ukwakheka kwezitho zangaphakathi, umuntu uzoba nokuthatha imishanguzo impilo yakhe yonke kanye nokuwohloka kwekhwalithi yempilo.
Ucwaningo
Ukuthola ukuhlukunyezwa ezigabeni zokuqala, ukuhlaziya njalo inani leshukela egazini kuyasiza. Iningi labantu lizinikela ngesikhathi sokuthunyelwa kwezokwelapha, ngokwesibonelo, ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwezempilo.
Kodwa-ke, ezinye izigaba kufanele zivivinywe kaningi, yilezi:
- iziguli ezinenkinga yohlobo 1 noma isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2;
- abantu abakhuluphele;
- abesifazane abakhulelwe;
- abantu abane-pathology yohlelo lwe-endocrine nesibindi;
- unesifo se-pituitary;
- abantu abanezihlobo zabo eziseduze abanesifo sikashukela.
Izindlela eziningana zisetshenziselwa ukutadisha ushukela weglue, okuvame kakhulu ukuhlola ushukela wegazi
Kwenziwa ekuseni ngesisu esingenalutho. I-biomaterial ithathwa kuma-capillaries emunwe noma kumthambo. Leli phuzu kufanele libhekwe, njengoba imiphumela izohluka kancane.
Izinga le-glucose libhekwa lapho inqubo yokuhlaziya kwe-biochemical kwegazi, ngokuhambisana nezinga le-cholesterol nezinye izinkomba. Kwenziwa futhi esiswini esingenalutho; igazi liqoqwa emthanjeni.
Uma kusolwa isimo sangaphambi kwesifo sikashukela, udokotela angathumela isiguli ukuthi siyohlolwa i-glucose.
Kwenziwa ngezigaba eziningana:
- okokuqala, isiguli sinika igazi kusuka emunweni esiswini esingenalutho;
- khona-ke uphuza isixazululo sikashukela - cishe ama-75 g, izingane ngesilinganiso segramu 1 ngesisindo somzimba;
- ngemuva kwamahora acishe abe ngu-1.5, igazi liphinde likhishwe kuma-capillaries;
- ngokuya ngemiphumela yocwaningo, isimo se-carbohydrate metabolism sinqunywa, lapho kubalwa ama-coefficients ama-2: hyperglycemic ne-hypoglycemic.
I-coefficient yokuqala ikhombisa isilinganiso sokuhlushwa ushukela wegazi ngehora elilodwa ngemuva kokudla ushukela kuyinkomba esiswini esingenalutho. Ngokwamazinga, lesi silinganiso kufanele sikhombise imingcele kuze kufike ku-1.7.
Okwesibili kukhombisa isilinganiso esifanayo, kepha amahora ama-2 ngemuva kokulayisha ushukela, futhi akufanele kube ngaphezu kwe-1,3. Lapho imiphumela ingaphezulu kokujwayelekile, kutholakala ukuthi kunesifo sokuxilongwa - isimo sangaphambi kwesifo sikashukela, uma omunye wabo ephulwa - lowo muntu ungoweqembu elisengozini futhi udinga ukubheka izinga le-glucose njalo.
Ukuqonda umphumela
Imiphumela yokunqunywa kwesifundo sikashukela ikalwa izinkomba eziningana: mmol / l, mg / dl, mg /% noma mg / 100 ml. Kusetshenziswa kakhulu i-mmol ngelitha.
Imvelo ye-glucose ixhumene nezimpawu ezahlukahlukene zomuntu:
- Ezinganeni ezingaphansi konyaka owodwa ubudala, ichazwa njenge-2.8-4.4 mmol / L, umphumela we-4.5-4.9 mmol / L umugqa womngcele, okuyinto eyethusayo futhi iphakamisa ukuthi kungenzeka kube nesifo sikashukela mellitus. Uma umphumela uphakeme, kutholakala isifo.
- Ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka emi-5 yobudala, okujwayelekile kuyinkomba yesilinganiso esingu-3.3-5 mmol / L, imiphumela efinyelela ku-5.4 mmol / L kukhona umngcele, futhi ngaphezulu kubonakaliswa isifo.
- Ukusuka eminyakeni emi-5 nangaphezulu, okujwayelekile kungumphumela we-3.3-5.5 mmol / l, futhi umngcele ngu-5.6-6. Noma yini engaphezu kwalokhu ikhuluma ngenkinga yomthethonqubo we-metabolism ushukela.
Izinga likashukela egazini ngeminyaka
Imiphumela yokuhlaziywa kweglucose yegazi incike eminyakeni yobudala, ubulili kanye nokuba khona komzimba. Ngakho-ke, indlela ejwayelekile yeglucose kwabesifazane inciphise kancane kunasemadodeni, ehlotshaniswa nezimpawu zokusebenzisa umzimba kanye nezinga lomsebenzi womzimba.
Sizokwethula imininingwane esemqoka ngendlela yetafula:
| Iqembu lobudala | Ukuzila okujwayelekile | |
|---|---|---|
| amadoda | abesifazane | |
| Ngaphansi kweminyaka eyi-14 | 3,4-5,5 | 3,4-5,5 |
| Iminyaka eyi-14-60 ubudala | 4,6-6,4 | 4,1-6 |
| Iminyaka engama-60-90 ubudala | 4,6-6,4 | 4,7-6,4 |
| Bangaphezu kweminyaka engama-90 ubudala | 4,2-6,7 | 4,3-6,7 |
Ngokwesimo sokukhulelwa kowesifazane, izinkomba zingashintsha, ngoba umzimba wakhe usebenza ezimeni ezingejwayelekile. Kepha ukulawula kuyadingeka ngoba kukhona ubungozi besifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa, esingakhula sibe uhlobo 2 sikashukela.
Ezinganeni, izinkomba ziphansi kakhulu, kepha futhi ziyahlukahluka ngokweminyaka:
| Iminyaka yengane (unyaka) | Kuvunyelwe iGlucose |
|---|---|
| Kuze kube inyanga eyi-1 | 2,7-3,2 |
| Kuze kube izinyanga eziyisithupha | 2,8-3,8 |
| Izinyanga eziyi-6-9 | 2,9-4,1 |
| Ngonyaka owodwa | 2,9-4,4 |
| 1-2 | 3-4,5 |
| 3-4 | 3,2-4,7 |
| 5-6 | 3,3-5 |
| 7-9 | 3,3-5,3 |
| 10-18 | 3,3-5,3 |
Izinkomba ezamukelekayo zesifo sikashukela
Ebantwini abanesifo sikashukela, umthethonqubo kashukela wegazi uyaphazamiseka, lokhu kunomthelela ekutheni ushukela wabo ukhuphuke.
Kulokhu, ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa kanye nokugcinwa kwezincomo zokudla kukuvumela ukuthi ulawule inqubo, uzuze ukwehla kokusebenza.
Kepha namanje, kwabanesifo sikashukela, imiphumela iphakeme kancane, futhi kubo izinkomba ezinjenge-5-7.2 ekuseni esiswini esingenalutho, akukho ngaphezu kwamahora ayi-10 - 2 ngemuva kokudla okwamukelekayo.
Izinga lokudla ngemuva kokudla
I-Biomaterial eyethwe ekuseni kakhulu ikhombisa ukusebenza okuphelele kohlelo lwe-endocrine kanye namandla ayo okusiza ukucubungula ushukela. Ngokuqondile, le nqubo ingakhombisa ucwaningo olwenziwe ngemuva kwamahora ama-2 wokudla.
Kukhombisa ukuthi umzimba uphendula ngokushesha kangakanani ezishintsheni zokuhlushwa ushukela.
Kubantu abaphilile, lezi zinkomba ehoreni lokuqala ngemuva kokudla kufanele zilingane no-6.2 mmol / L, ngemuva kwamahora ama-2 - 3.9-8.1 mmol / L. Uma kwenziwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, ngaphandle kokubheka ukungena kokudla, kufanele kugxiliswe ebangeni le-3.9-6.9 mmol / L.
Ku-diabetes, izinkomba ezifanayo kufanele zigcinwe, ngoba ziyimikhawulo ejwayelekile. Ngokuphulwa kwabo njalo, izinguquko ze-pathological emsebenzini wezitho zezitho zenzeka, okuholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu zimpawu yesifo sikashukela mellitus.
Ividiyo evela kusazi:
Ezinganeni, izinkomba ezifanele yilezi:
- ngokushesha emva kokudla - kufika ku-5.7 mmol / l;
- ngemuva kwehora eli-1 - kufika ku-8 mmol / l;
- ngemuva kwamahora ama-2 - akukho ngaphezu kwe-6.1 mmol / l.
Ngemiphumela ekhuphukayo, ukuba khona kwesifo sikashukela kuyasolwa.
Ukuzila
Indlela eyinhloko yokuhambisa lokhu kuhlaziya ifaka ukuhlolwa kwesisu okungenalutho. Okusho ukuthi, isidlo sokugcina ngaphambi kokuhlaziywa akufanele sibe ngaphambi kwamahora ayi-12. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinsukwini ezedlule, ukudla okujwayelekile kufanele kubhekwe, okufiswa kukho ukuthi kungabandakanywa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala futhi, uma kungenzeka, nemithi.
Amanzi kufanele aphuzwe ngamanani ajwayelekile. Faka esikhundleni sekhofi, itiye noma iziphuzo akufanele kube. Ochwepheshe abakukhuthazi ukuxubha amazinyo akho noma ukusebenzisa itshungama ngaphambi kokwenza isifundo, ngoba kuqukethe ushukela omkhulu futhi kungashintsha imiphumela.
Kwabanesifo sikashukela, isikhathi esingadli singancishiswa saba amahora angama-8, njengoba bengakwazi ukulamba isikhathi eside, lokhu kugcwele ukukhula komzimba. Ngokushesha ngemuva kwesifundo, kufanele badle okuthile ukuze bangene neglucose egazini.
Ukunemba kokulinganisa
Ucwaningo kufanele lwenziwe elebhu. Kulokhu, isiguli kufanele silandele zonke izincomo ezethulwe udokotela lapho silungiselela ukuhlaziywa. Ngaphandle kwalokho, imiphumela yayo ingahle ibe yimbi, futhi kuzoba nzima ukuthola izifo.
Lapho ukhombisa imiphumela eyethusayo, ukuhlaziya kufanele kuphindwe ngeviki elizayo futhi kutadishwe amandla. Uma okwephula umthetho kutholakele kanye, lokhu kungaba yiphutha lobuchwepheshe noma ukungasebenzi kahle kwesinye isikhathi.
Uma izinkomba ziphinde zanda, udokotela unquma izifundo ezingeziwe, njengokubekezelela kwe-glucose noma ukuzimisela kokuhlushwa kwe-fructosamine. Bazonikeza isithombe esinemininingwane eminingi futhi basize ekutholeni ukuxilongwa ngokuqonda okwengeziwe.
Lapho kutholwa isifo sikashukela, kunikezwa ukwelashwa okufanele.
Ividiyo evela kuDkt Malysheva:
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi likashukela kuwukuhlola okulula futhi okungabizi okwenziwa kuyo yonke imitholampilo yedolobha. Kwenze kube lula futhi kusheshe, futhi imiphumela ingasiza ukugwema izinkinga eziningi zezempilo, futhi ikakhulukazi isifo esiyingozi njengesifo sikashukela.
