Enye yezidakamizwa ze-hypoglycemic enqunywe ngenkathi kwelashwa uhlobo 2 lwesifo sikashukela yiBayeta. Umuthi usiza iziguli ezinalesi sifo ukufezekisa amanani ajwayelekile we-glycemic.
Incazelo yesidakamizwa, ifomu lokukhulula nokwakhiwa
I-Baeta isebenza njenge-enteroglucagon receptor agonist (i-glucagon-like peptide), ekhiqizwa ukuphendula ukugaya ukudla. Umuthi usiza ukwehlisa ushukela, uthuthukisa ukusebenza kwamaseli we-beta kumanyikwe.
Naphezu kokufana ne-insulin, i-Baeta yehlukile kwehomoni ekwakhiweni kwayo kwamakhemikhali nasezakhiweni zekhemisi, kanye nezindleko zayo.
Umuthi lo utholakala ngamapeni wesirinji, okuyi-analogue yama-insulin syringes asetshenziswa iziguli eziningi. Azikho izinaliti zemijovo kit, ngakho-ke kufanele zithengwe zodwa. Iphakethe liqukethe kuphela ipeni yesirinji enama-cartridge ahlawulwayo aqukethe umuthi ngevolumu engu-1,2 noma u-2.4 ml.
Ukuqanjwa (nge-1 ml):
- Isakhi esiyinhloko yi-Exenatide (250 mcg).
- Usawoti we-acetic acid sodium (1.59 mg) uyinto esetshenziswayo.
- Ingxenye Metacresol ngenani le-2.2 mg.
- Amanzi nezinye izimbongi (zihlala ku-1 ml).
I-Baeta iyisisombululo esingenamibala, esicacile, esinamakha.
Isenzo se-Pharmacological somuthi
Ngemuva kokwethulwa kwekhambi egazini, izinga likashukela lijwayelekile ngenxa yezindlela ezilandelayo:
- Ngesikhathi sokwanda kwe-glucose, kunokukhuphuka kokuqashelwa kwe-insulin ye-hormone equkethe kumaseli we-beta.
- Ukwehla kweshukela egazini, ukukhululeka kwe-hormone kuyaphela, okukuvumela ukuthi usungule isilinganiso se-glucose esejwayelekile, ugweme isimo se-hypoglycemia, esiyingozi emzimbeni.
- Ukwehla okubukhali ushukela, izakhi zomuthi azithinti ukucasulwa kwe-glucagon, okuvumela i-hormone ukuthi ikhuphule ukuqina kwayo egazini kumanani ajwayelekile.
Ngemuva komjovo, izinqubo ezilandelayo zenzeka emzimbeni:
- Ukukhiqizwa kweglucagon okweqile kuyacindezelwa.
- I-Gastric motility iyancipha, inqubo yokukhipha okuqukethwe kwayo ihamba kancane.
- Iziguli zinciphise uphawu lokudla.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwezakhi zesidakamizwa seBayet ngeTiazolidinedione noma iMetformin kusiza nasekunciphiseni i-glucose yasekuseni nokubaluleka kwayo ngemuva kokudla, kanye ne-glycosylated hemoglobin.
Ukuphathwa kokusebenzisa umuthi okuvumayo kuvumela ukuthi kungeniswe ngokushesha, kufinyelele inani eliphakeme esenzweni salo ngemuva kwamahora ama-2. Ukuphila kwayo okuyingxenye kungamahora angama-24 futhi akuxhomekile kumthamo owutholwe isiguli.
I-Pharmacokinetics
Ngemuva kokujova umuthi emzimbeni, inqubo yokufakwa kwayo, ukungena kuwo wonke amaseli, ukusatshalaliswa kanye nokuqothuka kwenzeka ngale ndlela elandelayo:
- Ukuhlelwa. Izithako ezisebenzayo zomuthi, ngemuva kokwenza umjovo ongama-subcutaneous, ungena ngokushesha egazini, ukugcwala okuphezulu kungatholwa ngemuva kwemizuzu engu-120 (211 pg / ml). Indawo yomjovo ayithinti izinga lokufakwa.
- Ukusatshalaliswa. Umthamo we-Vd ungamalitha angama-28.3.
- Ukukhohlisa umzimba. Izakhi zemithi zisatshalaliswa kumanyikwe, amaseli wepheshana lesisu (ipheshana lesisu), kanye nokuphuma kwegazi.
- Ukuzala. Le nqubo ithatha cishe amahora ayi-10, kungakhathalekile ukuthi idosi injani. Umuthi udlulwa yizinso ngomchamo, ngakho-ke, ukwephulwa kwesibindi akulithinti isilinganiso sokukhipha isidumbu.
Izinkomba zokusetshenziswa
I-Baeta isetshenziselwa ukwelapha isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.
Izinketho ezi-2 zokwelashwa kwezidakamizwa:
- I-Monotherapy. Umuthi usebenza njengesidakamizwa esikhulu sokugcina amanani ajwayelekile eglucose. Ngokuhambisana nakho, kunconywa ukuhambisana nokudla okuthile nokuzivocavoca umzimba.
- Ukwelapha okuhlanganayo. I-Baeta isebenza njengendlela eyengeziwe yokwelapha yezidakamizwa ezifana neMetformin, i-sulfonylurea derivatives noma i-Thiazolidinedione, inhlanganisela yazo. Uma kunesidingo, iByeta ingabekwa ngokuhambisana nokwaziswa kwe-basal insulin ne-Metformin ukwenza ngcono iphrofayili ye-glycemic.
Umuthi we-contraindised kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:
- ukukhulelwa
- inkathi yokuhlanza;
- isifo sikashukela i-mellitus (uhlobo oluncike ku-insulin 1);
- ukuba khona kwezimpawu zesifo sikashukela sikashukela;
- ukwehluleka kwezinso;
- izingane, kanye nentsha engaphansi kweminyaka engu-18;
- i-pathology eyingozi yepheshana lesisu;
- ukungabekezeleli izingxenye zomuthi.
Imiyalo yokusebenzisa
Umuthi kufanele uphathwe ngokungaziphathi.
Izindawo zomjovo zingaba:
- indawo ye-hip
- indawo engaphambili;
- indawo esiswini ezungeze inkaba.
Ukwelashwa kufanele kuqalwe ngomthamo omncane womuthi, olingana no-5 mcg. Kufanele iphathwe kabili ngosuku, hhayi ngaphambi kwehora eli-1 ngaphambi kokudla. Imijovo akufanele inikezwe ngemuva kwesidlo sasekuseni noma sakusihlwa. Ukweqa umjovo, noma ngabe kuyini imbangela, akushintshi isikhathi sokuphathwa okulandelayo komuthi ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Ukwanda komthamo wokuqala kuya ku-10 mcg kungenzeka inyanga ngemuva kokuqala kokwelashwa.
Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi yemithi yokwenziwa kweBayeta kanye nokutholakala kwe-sulfonylurea kuvame ukuholela ekunciphisweni komthamo wabo ukunciphisa ingozi ye-hypoglycemia. Ukufakwa komuthi akuphazamisi umthamo wezinye izidakamizwa.
Amaphuzu abalulekile wohlelo lokusebenza:
- umuthi akufanele uphathwe ngemuva kwesidlo sasekuseni noma sakusihlwa;
- Ukulimala kwe-Intravenous noma intramuscular of Bayet akuvunyelwe;
- ungasebenzisi amapeni wesirinji ngesixazululo sodaka, kanye noshintsho lombala;
- umuthi ungadala ukuvela okufana nokuhlanza, i-pruritus, ukuqubuka noma ubomvu, isifo sohudo, nezinye ukuphazamiseka kwesistimu yokugaya ukudla nezinzwa.
Iziguli ezikhethekile
Abantu abanesifo sikashukela bavame ukuba namanye ama-pathologies angamahlalakhona. Kulokhu, kufanele uqaphele ikakhulukazi ekusebenziseni isidakamizwa iBayeta.
Iqembu leziguli ezidinga ukunakwa okukhethekile lifaka:
- Ukuba nokwephula umsebenzi wezinso. Iziguli ezinokubonakaliswa okuncane noma okulinganiselayo kokwehluleka kwezinso kungenzeka zingadingi ukulungisa umthamo weBayet.
- Ukuba nokwephula isibindi. Yize lokhu kungathinti ushintsho ekuxinisweni kwe-exenatide egazini, ukubonisana nodokotela okhethekile kuyadingeka.
- Izingane. Umphumela wesidakamizwa entweni esemncane efinyelela eminyakeni eyi-12 awucwaningwanga. Ezentsheni eminyakeni eyi-12-16 ngemuva kokufakwa kwekhambi (5 μg), amapharamitha we-pharmacokinetic ayefana nedatha etholakala ocwaningweni lweziguli ezindala.
- Ukhulelwe Ngenxa yomthelela ongemuhle wesidakamizwa ekuthuthukisweni kwesibeletho, kufakwa emgqeni ukuze usetshenziswe omama abakhulelwe.
Ukweqa ngokweqile kanye nokuxhumana neminye imithi
Ukuvela kwezimpawu ezinjengokuhlanza okukhulu, isicanucanu esikhulu, noma ukwehla okukhulu kweglucose yegazi kungakhombisa ukweqisa komuthi (okwedlula inani elivunyelwe lesisombululo ngezikhathi eziyi-10).
Ukwelapha kuleli cala kufanele kube ukudambisa izimpawu. Ngokubonakaliswa okubuthakathaka kwe-hypoglycemia, kwanele ukusebenzisa ama-carbohydrate, futhi uma kunezimpawu ezinzima, ukuphathwa kwe-dextrose okungafuneki kungadingeka.
Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa ngemijovo yeBayeta, kanye nezinye izidakamizwa, amaphuzu abalulekile okufanele uwacabangele afaka:
- Imithi edinga ukumuncwa ngokushesha emgodini wokugaya ukudla kufanele ithathwe ihora eli-1 ngaphambi kokulawulwa kweByet noma ekudleni okunjalo lapho kungafuneki imijovo.
- Ukusebenza kwe-Digoxin kunciphisa ngokuphathwa kanyekanye kweByet, futhi isikhathi sokuphuma kwayo sikhuphuka ngamahora ayi-2,5.
- Uma kudingekile ukunciphisa umfutho wegazi nomuthi uLisinopril, kuyadingeka ukubheka isikhathi sokuphumula phakathi kokuthatha amaphilisi kanye nemijovo yeBayet.
- Lapho uthatha iLovastatin, impilo yayo engxenyeni inyuka ngamahora ama-4.
- Isikhathi sokuhoxiswa kwe-warfarin emzimbeni sikhuphuka ngamahora ama-2.
Imibono mayelana nomuthi
Ukusuka ekubuyekezweni kweziguli, kungaphethwa ngokusebenza kweByeta kanye nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza ngemuva kokusetshenziswa kwayo, yize abaningi bephawula izindleko eziphakeme zomuthi.
Isifo sikashukela sembula eminyakeni emi-2 eyedlule. Ngalesi sikhathi, imizamo yokunciphisa ushukela ngokuthatha izidakamizwa ezahlukahlukene ayiphumelelanga. Enyangeni edlule, udokotela owayengaya wanginikeza uhlelo lokuphatha umuthi we-Bayet onobuhlakani. Ngifunde ukubuyekezwa kwi-Intanethi futhi nganquma ekwelashweni. Umphumela wamangaza ubumnandi. Ezinsukwini eziyi-9 zokuphatha, izinga likashukela lehle lisuka ku-18 mmol / L laya ku-7 mmol / L. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngakwazi ukulahlekelwa yi-9 kg engaphezulu. Manje angizizwa ukunambitha okwomile nokunambitheka emlonyeni wami. Okuwukuphela kwengozi yomuthi inani eliphakeme.
Elena Petrovna
Kwaze kwaphela inyanga egwaza uBaeta. Ngenxa yalokho, ngakwazi ukunciphisa ushukela ngamayunithi amaningana futhi ngehla isisindo ngo-4 kg. Ngiyajabula ukuthi isifiso sokudla sehlile. Udokotela utuse ukuthi ngiqhubeke nokuwuphatha umuthi enye inyanga, kepha kuze kube manje ngithathe isinqumo sokuhambisana nokudla okuqinile futhi ngibuyele emaphilisi edlule. Intengo yayo iphakeme ngokungavunyelwe kimi, ngakho-ke angikwazi ukuyithenga njalo ngenyanga.
Ksenia
Izinto zevidiyo kusetshenziswa kahle ipeni lesirinji emushinini:
Ngingakwazi ukufaka umuthi esikhundleni somuthi?
Azikho izifanekiselo zesisombululo sokuphathwa kwe-Bayet ezimakethe ezimakethe yemithi. Kukhona "iBaeta Long" kuphela - impuphu yokulungiselela ukumiswa okusetshenziselwe umjovo.
Izidakamizwa ezilandelayo zinomphumela ofanayo wokwelapha, njenge-Baeta:
- Victoza. Ithuluzi lenzelwe ukuphatha okwenziwa ngasese futhi liyatholakala ngohlobo lwamapeni wesirinji. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo kweziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 kunganciphisa amazinga kashukela bese kwehle isisindo.
- UJanuvia - Kuyatholakala ngefomu lethebhulethi. Ngenye yezindlela ezingabizi kakhulu ezinomphumela ofanayo emzimbeni.
Isidakamizwa i-Baeta isatshalaliswa emakhemisi ngomuthi obhaliwe. Intengo yayo iguquguquka cishe kuma-ruble angama-5200.
