IGensulin ibekelwe iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela esitholakele, esifanelekile ukuhlanganiswa nezinye izinhlobo ze-insulin. Ngokuqapha, kufanele kuhlanganiswe nezidakamizwa ezingakhulisa noma zehlise umphumela we-hypoglycemic.
Igama Lezwe elingafanele
Uhlobo olutholakalayo lwe-insulin lomuntu osungulwe i-insulin.
IGensulin ibekelwe iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela esitholakele, esifanelekile ukuhlanganiswa nezinye izinhlobo ze-insulin.
I-ATX
A10AB01.
Khipha amafomu nokwakheka
Isixazululo esicacile, ukumiswa okumhlophe, okuphathwa ngokungaziphathi. I-precipitate ingavela incibilika kalula lapho inyakaziswa. Umuthi ufakwa emabhodleleni ayi-10 ml noma kuma-cartridge ama-3 ml.
Ku-1 ml yesidakamizwa, isakhi esisebenzayo sikhona ngendlela yokuphindaphinda kwe-insulin yabantu 100. Izithako ezingeziwe yi-glycerol, sodium hydroxide noma hydrochloric acid, metacresol, amanzi ejekiseni.
Ku-1 ml yesidakamizwa, isakhi esisebenzayo sikhona ngendlela yokuphindaphinda kwe-insulin yabantu 100.
Isenzo se-Pharmacological
Kubhekiswa kuma-insulin asebenza ngokufushane. Ngokuphendula nge-receptor ekhethekile ku-membrane yeseli, kugqugquzela ukwakheka kwenkimbinkimbi ye-insulin-receptor, esebenza imisebenzi ngaphakathi kweseli nokwakheka kwezihlanganiswa ezithile ze-enzyme.
Izinga le-glucose egazini lilingana ngokwandisa ukuthutha kwalo emangqamuzaneni, ukwanda ukumunyiswa yizo zonke izicubu zomzimba, kunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kweshukela ngesibindi, futhi kuvuselele i-glycogenogenesis.
Isikhathi somphumela wokwelapha umuthi kuncike:
- isilinganiso sokufakwa kwengxenye esebenzayo;
- indawo nendlela yokuphatha emzimbeni;
- umthamo.
I-Pharmacokinetics
Ngemuva kokuthi umjovo owethulwayo uqalile ukwenza isigamu sehora, isenzo esiphezulu sibonwa kusuka emahoreni amabili kuya kwayi-8 futhi sihlala amahora angama-10.
Ukusatshalaliswa okungavunyelwe kwenzeka ezicutshini, izakhi ezisebenzayo azidluleli kubisi lwebele, musa ukuwela i-placenta, i.e. Ungathinti isibeletho. I-Half-life ithatha imizuzu engu-5-10, ivezwa yizinso ngesilinganiso esifinyelela ku-80%.
Izakhi ezisebenzayo zomuthi aziweli kwi-placenta, isb. Ungathinti isibeletho.
Izinkomba zokusetshenziswa
Kuboniswa ekwelashweni kwamacala alandelayo emitholampilo:
- Thayipha isifo sikashukela sokuqala.
- Isifo sohlobo II (uma singamelana nemithi ye-hypoglycemic).
- Izifo zangaphakathi.
Contraindication
Kunqatshelwe nge:
- Ukungabekezelelani komuntu ngamunye ezingxenyeni ngazinye zomuthi.
- I-Hypoglycemia
Ungayithatha kanjani iGensulin?
Umuthi uphathwa ngezindlela eziningana - intramuscular, subcutaneous, intravenous. Umthamo kanye nendawo yomjovo kukhethwe ngudokotela ohambelayo esigulini ngasinye. Umthamo ojwayelekile uhluka kusuka ku-0,5 kuya ku-1 IU / kg wesisindo somuntu, kucatshangelwa izinga loshukela.
I-insulin kufanele iphathwe isigamu sehora ngaphambi kokudla noma isidlo esimnandi esuselwa kuma-carbohydrate. Isixazululo sanda kuqala ekushiseni kwegumbi. I-Monotherapy ifaka umjovo ofinyelela izikhathi ezi-3 ngosuku (ezimeni ezihlukile, ukuphindaphindwa kukhuphuka kuze kufinyelele izikhathi ezi-6).
Uma umthamo wansuku zonke udlula i-0,6 IU / kg, uhlukaniswe ngemithamo eminingana, imijovo ibekwa ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomzimba - umsipha odabukisayo we-brachial, udonga lwangaphambili lwesisu. Ukuze ungathuthukisi i-lipodystrophy, izindawo zemijovo zishintsha njalo. Kusetshenziswa inalithi entsha ngomjovo ngamunye. Ngokuphathelene nokuphathwa kwe-IM ne-IV, kwenziwa kuphela esibhedlela isibhedlela sisisebenzi sezempilo.
Imiphumela emibi yeGensulin
Ngokuphulwa komthamo kanye nerejimeni yokulimala, imiphumela emibi ikhula ngendlela:
- ukuthuthumela
- ikhanda;
- indlala yesikhumba;
- i-paresthesia yomgodi womlomo;
- imizwa yendlala ejwayelekile;
- ukujuluka okukhulu;
- tachycardia.
Nge-hypoglycemia enkulu, ukuqala kwe-hypoglycemic coma kungenzeka.
Ngokuvela komzimba, i-edema kaQuincke, imivimbo esikhunjeni, ukushaqeka kwe-anaphylactic kuvame ukuvela. Ukuphendula kwendawo kuvezwa ukulunywa nokuvuvukala, imvamisa kakhulu i-lipodystrophy, i-hyperemia. Ekuqaleni kokwelashwa, ezinye iziguli zithola amaphutha wokuphinda zenzeke ngaphandle kosizo oluphuthumayo.
Umthelela ekhonweni lokulawula izindlela
Ukuqala kokusetshenziswa kwe-insulin noma ukuguqulelwa kolunye uhlobo kungaholela ekuwohlokeni kwenhlala-kahle, ukuthuthukiswa kokusabela okungekuhle. Ngalesi sikhathi, umuntu akadingi ukushayela izimoto, izindlela eziyinkimbinkimbi. Kuyafaneleka ukuyeka umsebenzi ongaba yingozi.
Imiyalo ekhethekile
Ukuphathwa kwomuthi akwamukeleki uma kunamafu, ukwakheka kwezinhlayiya eziqinile, kugcizelela ngombala ohlukile. Phakathi nayo yonke le nkathi yokwelashwa, isiguli kufanele siqaphe njalo izinkomba ze-glucose. I-Hypoglycemia yenzeka lapho:
- ukweqisa;
- ukukhuphuka komzimba;
- ukufaka esikhundleni kwe-insulin esetshenzisiwe;
- ukugabha ngohudo;
- ukweqa ukudla;
- umsebenzi ophansi wezinso noma isibindi, indlala yegilo, i-adrenal cortex;
- indawo entsha yemijovo;
- inhlanganisela nezinye izidakamizwa.
Umthamo ophuliwe ophelele, ukuntuleka kwemithi, ikakhulukazi uma kukhulunywa ngohlobo 1 sikashukela, kuzobangela i-hyperglycemia. Izimpawu zanda kancane kancane futhi zibonakala ngokuchama okwandayo, ukoma okunganqamuki, ukumiswa kanye nokuvela kwesikhumba, isiyezi ngezikhathi ezithile, ukuba khona kwe-acetone emoyeni okhiphe amandla. Uma kungekho ukwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi futhi okuyikho, i-ketoacidosis yesifo sikashukela, i-hypoglycemic coma ingahle ibe khona.
Ukulungiswa komthamo kwenziwa nge-hypopituitarism, isifo sika-Addison, ukuphazamiseka ku-gland yegilo, izinso noma isibindi, esegugile (kusuka eminyakeni engama-65). Imvamisa, imithamo yomuthi ezigulini ezinomfutho ngokweqile, ishintsha kakhulu indlela ezidla ngayo. Uma umuntu eqala ukuthatha olunye uhlobo lwesidakamizwa, kulawulwa ngokusobala inani le-glucose.
I-insulin ithambekele ekukhaleni, ngakho-ke, amaphampu e-insulin akufanele asetshenziswe.
Sebenzisa ebudaleni
Ngemuva kweminyaka engama-65, ukulungiswa kwamthamo nokukalwa ushukela okujwayelekile kuyadingeka.
Isabelo sezingane
Akunasipiliyoni ngokusebenzisa iGensulin ezinganeni.
Akunasipiliyoni ngokusebenzisa iGensulin ezinganeni.
Sebenzisa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokukhishwa komzimba
Iziguli ezitholakala nesifo sikashukela i-mellitus ngesikhathi sokuhlelwa kokukhulelwa, ukuthinta komzimba okulandelayo kufanele kubheke inani likashukela egazini, ngoba kungadingeka ukuthi ushintshe umthamo wezidakamizwa.
Ukuncelisa amabele kuvunyelwe ukuhlangana nokusetshenziswa kwe-insulin, uma isimo sengane sihlala sanelisekile, asikho isisu esidabukisayo. Umthamo ubuye uguqulwe ngokuya ngokufundwa kweglucose.
Isicelo sokusebenza kokulimala kwezinso
Umsebenzi wezinso ongasebenzi kahle uwuphawu oluqondile lokushintsha inani lemithi elawulwa.
Sebenzisa umsebenzi wesibindi okhubazekile
Dinga umuthi wokulungisa umthamo.
I-Gensulin overdose
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-insulin ngamanani amakhulu kuzoholela ku-hypoglycemia. Izinga eliphansi le-pathology liqedwa ngokuthatha ushukela, ukudla ukudla okune-carbohydrate eningi. Kunconywa ukuthi abantu bahlale nokudla okumnandi neziphuzo kanye nabo.
Izinga elinzima lingadala ukulahlekelwa ukwazi. Kulokhu, isixazululo se-dextrose iv sithunyelwa ngokushesha kumuntu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-glucagon ihanjiswa iv noma s / c. Lapho umuntu efika, kudingeka adle ukudla okwanele kwe-carbohydrate ukuvimbela ukuhlaselwa kwesibili.
Izinga elinzima lingadala ukulahlekelwa ukwazi.
Ukuxhumana nezinye izidakamizwa
Kunohlu lwezidakamizwa ezingashintsha imfuneko ye-insulin yomzimba. Umphumela we-hypoglycemic uyathuthukiswa lapho usetshenziswa ndawonye:
- i-hypoglycemia yomlomo;
- i-carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, i-monoamine oxidase inhibitors, i-angiotensin eguqula ama-enzyme inhibitors;
- ama-sulfonamides;
- Bromocriptine;
- ama-beta-blockers angakhethi;
- Clofibrate;
- theophylline;
- izidakamizwa eziqukethe i-lithium;
- cyclophosphamide;
- izinto ethanol ekhona.
Umphumela we-hypoglycemic uyancishiswa lapho uthathwa:
- i-thiazide diuretics;
- ama-hormone egilo;
- glucocorticosteroids;
- i-sympathomimetics;
- UDanazole;
- ama-calcium blockers;
- i-morphine;
- Phenytoin.
Ngama-salicylates, womabili umphumela walesi sidakamizwa uyanda futhi uyancipha.
Ukuhambisana notshwala
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-insulin ngasikhathi sinye neziphuzo eziqukethe utshwala akwamukeleki.
Ama-Analog
Ama-analogues alandelayo emithi akhona: I-Insuman, iMonodar, iPulasulin, iRinsulin, iHumulin NPH, iProtafan.
Imibandela yekhefu lekhemisi
Ngingakwazi ukuthenga ngaphandle kadokotela?
Akunakwenzeka. Ngokuqinile ngokusho kweresiphi.
Intengo
Kusuka ku-450 rub.
Izimo zokugcina zomuthi
Esimweni sokushisa kusuka ku- + 2 ° С kuya ku- + 8 ° С.
Isikhathi sokuphelelwa yisikhathi
Iminyaka emi-2
Umkhiqizi
IBIOTON S.A. (BIOTON S.A.), ePoland.
I-Insuman iyi-analogue yesidakamizwa.
Ukubuyekezwa
U-Ekaterina uneminyaka engu-46, uKaluga
Sekuphele iminyaka eminingi ngisebenzisa iGensulin R. Ngaphambi kwakhe ngazama izidakamizwa eziningi ezazingalingani. Futhi lena ifanela futhi ibekezelelwa kahle. Ngithanda iqiniso lokuthi ibhodlela elivuliwe ligcinwe kahle, umuthi awupheleli ukusebenza. Umphumela wazo uyaqhubeka isikhathi eside.
USergey oneminyaka engama-32 ubudala, eMoscow
Lapho umuthi unqunywe, ngangisesaba kakhulu imiphumela emibi, kodwa ngehluleka. Ngiyifaka, njengoba kuchaziwe emiyalweni kusetshenziswa ipeni lesirinji. IGensulin M30 ekuqaleni kokwelashwa yabangela isiyezi ngezikhathi ezithile, kodwa konke kwahamba ngemuva kwamasonto ambalwa. Ngizwa kahle, ushukela uyaqhubeka.
U-Inga oneminyaka engama-52, uSaratov
Bengilindele umphumela omubi kakhulu ngomuthi, kepha kwavela ukuthi muhle impela. Ilungele ukusetshenziswa kabili, inhlanganisela yokwelapha. Ukusabela komzimba akukaze kubonakale, yize abaningi benama-rashes esikhunjeni ekuqaleni kokusetshenziswa kweGensulin N.
