Umuthi osuselwa ku-insulin yomuntu. Kusetshenziswa iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela esitholakele.
Igama Lezwe elingafanele
Umuthi i-Monoinsulin ungumuntu, ngesiLatini - i-Insulin Human.
I-Monoinsulin isidakamizwa esuselwa ku-insulin yomuntu.
I-ATX
A.10.A.B.01 - Insulin (yomuntu).
Khipha amafomu nokwakheka
Kutholakala ngesimo sesisombululo esingenamibala, esibonakalayo somjovo, esifakwe ezingilazini ze-ingilazi (10 ml), ezibekwe ebhokisini lekhadibhodi eliminyene (1 pc.).
Isixazululo siqukethe isakhi esisebenzayo - i-insulin yomuntu eyenziwe ngefuzo (100 IU / ML). I-Glycerol, amanzi omjovo, ama-metacresol ayizingxenye ezengeziwe zemithi.
Isenzo se-Pharmacological
Isidakamizwa i-insulin esebenza ngomuntu omfishane. Inomthelela ekuthini i-normalization ye-glucose metabolism, ikhombise umphumela we-anabolic. Ukufaka izicubu zemisipha, kusheshisa ukuthuthwa kwama-amino acid noshukela ezingeni lamaselula; I-anabolism yamaphrotheni iba sekukhulunywa ngayo.
Umuthi uvuselela i-glycogenogeneis, i-lipogenis, yehlisa izinga lokukhiqizwa kwe-glucose ngesibindi, futhi ikhuthaza ukucubungulwa kwe-glucose okweqile emafutheni.
I-Monoinsulin isiza ukuguquguqula i-glucose metabolism.
I-Pharmacokinetics
Ukungafakwa ngesibonakaliso sesenzo esisebenzayo kuya ngezici eziningi:
- indlela yokungena kwayo emzimbeni - intramuscularly or subcutaneously, intravenously;
- umthamo womjovo;
- izindawo, izindawo zokwethula emzimbeni - amabhuzu, ithanga, ihlombe noma isisu.
Lapho i-p / isenzo somuthi senzeka ngokwesilinganiso ngemuva kwemizuzu engama-20 ukuya kwengama-40; umphumela omkhulu ubonwa kungakapheli amahora angama-1-3. Isikhathi sokusebenza sithatha cishe amahora angama-8-10. Ukusatshalaliswa kwezicubu akuhlukile.
Into esebenzayo ayingeni ubisi lowesifazane oncelisayo futhi ayidluleli kwi-placenta.
Ukubhujiswa kwalo muthi kwenzeka ngaphansi kwethonya le-insulinase ezinso, esibindini. Ingxenye-yokuphila imfushane, ithatha imizuzu emi-5 kuye kweli-10; ukumbiwa yizinso kungu-30-80%.
Izinkomba zokusetshenziswa
Kunqunywe ukuthi kutholakale ukuthi isifo sikashukela esatholakala ukuthi sinesifo sikashukela siyothola ukwelashwa kwe-insulin, kanye nesifo sikashukela sokuqala esitholakele. Inkomba yokusebenzisa kanye ne-insulin enganciki ku-ushukela II ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
Contraindication
Kokwephulwa kwezidakamizwa, inothi:
- ukungabekezelelani komuntu ngamunye kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yawo ne-insulin;
- hypoglycemia
Ukunakwa ikakhulukazi kufanele kukhokhwe kwabesifazane ku-trimester yokuqala, lapho isidingo se-insulin sincishisiwe.
Ungayithatha kanjani i-monoinsulin?
Kwethulwa emzimbeni ngamafutha, s / c, in / in; umthamo uncike kushukela egazini. Ukudla okumaphakathi kwansuku zonke yi-0.5-1 IU / kg yesisindo somuntu, ngenkathi kucatshangelwa izici zomzimba ngamunye.
Kwethulwa ngaphambi kokudla (i-carbohydrate) isigamu sehora. Qiniseka ukuthi isisombululo somjovo kufanele sibe ekushiseni kwegumbi. Indlela ejwayelekile yokusebenzisa lesi sidakamizwa i-subcutaneous endaweni yodonga olungaphambili lwesisu. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukumuncwa okusheshayo kwesidakamizwa.
Uma umjovo ufakwa esibayeni sesikhumba, ubungozi bokulimala kwemisipha buyehliswa.
Ngokusetshenziswa njalo kwesidakamizwa, izindawo zokulawulwa kwaso kufanele zishintshe ukuvikela i-lipodystrophy. Imijovo ye-intravenous and intramuscular nge-insulin ihanjiswa ngumhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo.
Imiphumela emibi ye-monoinsulin
I-Hypoglycemia ingenye yezinto ezingathandeki kakhulu ezenzeka ngesikhathi sokudluliselwa kwe-insulin. Izimpawu ziyavela futhi zikhula ngokushesha:
- blanching, kwesinye isikhathi i-cyanosis yesikhumba;
- ukukhuphuka kokujuluka;
- Ukukhathazeka
- ukuthuthumela, uvalo, ukudideka;
- ukukhathala;
- umuzwa wendlala enkulu;
- isiyezi esivamile;
- hyperemia;
- ukuxhumeka okungahambi kahle, ukuqondisisa endaweni;
- tachycardia.
I-hypoglycemia enkulu ihambisana nokuphelelwa ukwazi, kwezinye izimo izinqubo ezingenakuguqulwa ziyenzeka ebuchosheni, ukufa kwenzeka.
I-Monoinsulin ingavusa ukungezwani kwasendaweni ngendlela yokulunywa nokuqunjelwa.
Umuthi ungavusa ukungezwani kwasendaweni ngendlela yokuvuvukala kwendawo, ubomvu, ukulunywa endaweni yomjovo ophelele, odlula ngokuzimela.
Kunzima kakhulu ukuthi iziguli zikwazi ukubekezelela ukusabela komzimba okujwayelekile ngokungaphazanyiswa okulandelayo komgudu wesisu, ukuphefumula, ukuqina okukhulu, ukutheleleka endaweni yomjovo, i-arterial hypotension, tachycardia, angioedema. Kulokhu, ukwelashwa okukhethekile kukhonjisiwe, ukulungiswa kwamthamo kwento esebenzayo.
Umthelela ekhonweni lokulawula izindlela
I-Hypoglycemia, i-hyperglycemia ingaholela ekunakekelweni kokunaka okungafanele, okubuye kube yingozi kumuntu oshayela imoto, izindlela eziyinkimbinkimbi nemihlangano emikhulu.
Abantu abaphuza umuthi kufanele bagweme ukushayela uma kungenzeka.
Imiyalo ekhethekile
Ngokusetshenziswa njalo kwekhambi le-insulin, ushukela wegazi uyaqashwa. Kwezinye izimo, ngokuwohloka okuqinile kulesi simo kanye nokungabikho kosizo, isifo sikashukela sikashukela singenzeka ngomphumela obulalayo olandelayo.
Uma indlala yegilo, izinso noma isibindi kuphazamiseka, kutholakala isifo sika-Addison, umthamo wesidakamizwa uyaguqulwa. Ngezifo ezithathelanayo ezihambisanayo, izimo ezibucayi, umzimba udinga ukwandisa inani le-insulin elawulwa. Ukushintshwa komthamo kungenzeka ngokuhlelwa kabusha okubukhali kokudla, ukukhulisa ukuzikhandla komzimba.
Sebenzisa ebudaleni
Ezigulini ngemuva kweminyaka yobudala engama-65, umthamo we-insulin solution uyancishiswa - konke kuya ngezinkomba ze-glucose, okufanele zigadwe njalo.
I-Monoinsulin ivunyelwe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, akubeki usongo empilweni nasempilweni yengane.
Isabelo sezingane
Amacala okuthatha lesi sidakamizwa ezinganeni, intsha ayifundwanga.
Sebenzisa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokukhishwa komzimba
Umuthi awukwazi ukuwela umgoqo we-placental. Ngakho-ke, ukwamukelwa kwakhe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kuvunyelwe, akubeki usongo empilweni nasempilweni yengane.
Akunobungozi enganeni, njengoba into esebenzayo ayingeni ubisi lwebele. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukuboniswa okuqhubekayo kokugxila kweglucose kubonisiwe. Ngemuva kokubeletha, thayipha i-1 isifo sikashukela senziwa ngohlelo olujwayelekile, uma isimo sezempilo singabi sibi kakhulu futhi kungadingeki ukuthi kwenziwe umthamo wokulawula umthamo.
Isicelo sokusebenza kokulimala kwezinso
Uma kutholakala ukwehluleka kwe-renal, isidingo somuthi singancipha kakhulu, ngokufanele, umthamo wazo ojwayelekile uyancishiswa.
Ukwehluleka kwesibindi kuvame ukuholela ekwehlekeni komthamo weMonoinsulin.
Sebenzisa umsebenzi wesibindi okhubazekile
Ukwehluleka kwesibindi kuvame ukuholela ekwehlekeni komthamo womuthi.
I-Monoinsulin overdose
Uma imithamo evunyelwe ye-insulin idlulwa, i-hypoglycemia kungenzeka ikhule. Ngendlela emfushane yokusebenza kwe-pathology, umuntu ubhekela yedwa, echitha ukudla okucebiswe ngama-carbohydrate, ushukela. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, abantu abanesifo sikashukela bahlala benabo namajusi amnandi, amaswidi.
Uma i-hypoglycemia enamandla, isiguli sinikezwa ngokuphuthumayo i-iv solution ye-glucose (40%) noma i-glucagon nganoma iyiphi indlela elula - iv, s / c, v / m. Lapho isimo sezempilo sibuyela kokujwayelekile, umuntu kufanele adle kakhulu ama-carbohydrate, okuzovikela ukuhlaselwa okwesibili.
Ukuxhumana nezinye izidakamizwa
Umphumela we-hypoglycemic uyezwa kancane lapho uhlanganiswa nama-corticosteroids, izindlela zokuvimbela inzalo ngomlomo, ama-antidepressant ama-tridclic, ama-hormone egilo, ne-thiazolidinediones.
Umphumela we-hypoglycemic uthuthukiswa ngama-sulfonamides, ama-salicylates (i-salicylic acid, ngokwesibonelo), ama-inhibitors we-MAO, nabenzeli be-hypoglycemic ukuphathwa komlomo.
I-Symbomatology ye-hypoglycemia iyasikwa futhi ivela kancane esimweni sokubambisana kwe-clonidine, i-beta-blockers, i-reserpine.
Ukuhambisana notshwala
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-ethanol (izidakamizwa eziqukethe i-ethanol) ene-insulin kuthuthukisa umphumela we-hypoglycemic.
Ama-Analog
I-Insuman Rapid GT, Actrapid, Humulin Regular, Gensulin R.
Imibandela yekhefu lekhemisi
Umuthi uthengiswa ngokuqinile ngomuthi.
Ngingakwazi ukuthenga ngaphandle kadokotela?
Alikho ithuba elingaphezu kwekhawuntali lokuthenga umuthi olwa nesifo sikashukela.
Intengo
Izindleko zemithi ekhiqizwa eBelarus eRussia zivela kuma-ruble angama-250.
Izimo zokugcina zomuthi
Umuthi kufanele ugcinwe endaweni emnyama kwisikhombi sokushisa sika + 2 ... + 8 ° C; ukuqhwa kwesisombululo akwamukeleki.
Isikhathi sokuphelelwa yisikhathi
Iminyaka engu-2,5.
Umkhiqizi
I-RUE Belmedpreparaty (Republic of Belarus).
I-Actrapid iyi-analogue yeMonoinsulin.
Ukubuyekezwa kochwepheshe bezokwelapha
U-Elena, i-endocrinologist, eneminyaka engama-41, eMoscow
Lesi sidakamizwa siyi-analogue ye-insulin yabantu. Gwema i-hypoglycemia kuzosiza kuphela ukunatha okufanele komuthi, ukubambelela ngokuqinile kumthamo nokudla.
UVictoria, udokotela wezifo zabesifazane, oneminyaka engama-32, u-Ilyinka
Uhlobo lwe-1 isifo sikashukela nokusetshenziswa okujwayelekile kwale insulin kunomthelela oqondile kumjikelezo wokuya esikhathini (ukungasebenzi kahle kwayo, ukungabikho ngokuphelele) kungabonakala. Uma ufuna ukukhulelwa ngokuxilongwa okunjalo, kufanele uthintane nodokotela wezifo zamazinyo ozokusiza ekuxazululeni inkinga.
Ukubuyekezwa kweziguli
U-Ekaterina, oneminyaka engama-38, Perm
Ubaba unesifo sikashukela esinolwazi. Manje ngaqala ukuthatha i-insulin yaseBelarusian. Ukuthi ngenxa yezinguquko ezihlobene nobudala, noma ngenxa yezimpawu zomuthi, kepha udokotela wehlise umthamo kuye, impilo yakhe yahlala ijwayelekile.
UNatalia, oneminyaka engama-42, uRostov-on-Don
Ngithole isifo sikashukela ngengozi lapho, ngenxa yokugula, ngayahlolwa esibhedlela esibhedlela. Imijoinsulin yama-Monoinsulin edamini elincane yabekwa ngokushesha. Sekuyisikhathi esingaphezu konyaka ngiyisebenzisa, ekuqaleni bengiyesaba imiphumela emibi, kepha konke kujwayelekile, ngizwa kahle.
U-Irina, oneminyaka engama-34 ubudala, u-Ivanovsk
Kimi, inkinga enkulu ukuthenga lesi sidakamizwa njalo edolobheni lethu elincane. Ngazama izifaniso zokukhiqiza ezifuywayo, kepha azizange zilunge, impilo yami yaba yimbi.
