Ama-bacteriostatic antibiotic asetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni ehlukahlukene yezokwelapha ekwelapheni izifo zesifo esingelapheki. Le mishanguzo ihlinzeka ngokusebenza okuphezulu yize izinga lokuvikela umzimba ngokwemvelo. I-Amikacin ingeyoqembu le-III isizukulwane sama-aminoglycosides, ukusetshenziswa kwayo okuvunyelwe ezifweni zohlelo lokuphefumula, izinso, uhlelo lwezitho zofuzo, isikhumba nezicubu ezithambile. Umuthi kumele usetshenziselwe inhloso yakhe futhi ngokuya ngohlelo olukhethiwe. Ukulimala okungenzeka kanye nokuphikisana kukhonjisiwe kwisichasiselo.
Igama Lezwe elingafanele
Igama elingabambisani noma igama leqembu lamazwe onke yi-Amikacin.
I-Amikacin ingeyoqembu le-III isizukulwane sama-aminoglycosides, ukusetshenziswa kwayo okuvunyelwe ezifweni zohlelo lokuphefumula, izinso, uhlelo lwezitho zofuzo, isikhumba nezicubu ezithambile.
Ath
Umuthi unekhodi ye-ATX yomuntu ye-J01GB06 nenombolo yokubhalisa ye-LSR-002156/09. Usuku lokwabiwa kwenombolo - 03.20.09
Khipha amafomu nokwakheka
Umuthi uthengiswa ngendlela yesisombululo somjovo kanye ne-lyophilisate. Ngokwakheka kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo lokukhishwa kunezinto ezikhethekile ngenxa yalokho umphumela wezokwelapha ofanele utholakala. Ngokomhlangano, zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezi-2: ezisebenzayo nezisizayo.
Powder
I-Lyophilisate iyi-powder emhlophe, evame ukushephuka, i-tint, inyibilike kalula koketshezi. Iyaqhubeka ithengiswe emabhodleleni engilazi esobala. Intamo ivalwe ngokuqinile nge-ruble cap. I-foil cap cap ikhona.
Iqoqo lesakhi esiyinhloko se-lyophilisate yi-500 mg. I-Amikacin 500 ayihlangani nezinto ezisizayo zisebenza njengabazinza, ngenxa yokungabikho kwabo. I-Powder iyaqhubeka nokuthengiswa emabhokisini amakhadibhodi, ngaphakathi kuwo kukhona amabhodlela ama-5 ane-lyophilisate nemiyalelo yokusetshenziswa.
Isixazululo
Ngokungafani ne-lyophilisate, izinto ezisizayo zikhona kusisombululo somjovo. Okuqukethwe kwengxenye eyinhloko (i-amikacin) kuphindwe izikhathi ezi-2 - kungadluli ku-250 mg. Izengezo ezilandelayo zikhonjisiwe kwimiyalo yokusebenzisa:
- i-sodium pyrosulfite;
- usawoti we-sodium we-citric acid;
- amanzi wokujova;
- i-sulfuric acid (gxilisa).
Isixazululo singaba ngombala noma sivele ngokuphelele. Ekuhlolweni okubonakalayo, akukho zinhlayiya zakwamanye amazwe okufanele zibe khona kulamanzi. Ukunanzelela, noma kungabalulekanga, akukho. Isixazululo sithululelwa ezitsheni zengilazi, umthamo waso ungabi ngaphezu kwe-4 ml. Amaphakeji weselula aqukethe ama-ampoule angama-5 kuya kwayi-10 futhi athengiswa ebhokisini lekhadibhodi.
Isenzo se-Pharmacological
I-antibiotic ebanzi engabonakali yeqembu le-peninimate aminoglycosides inomphumela wokubulala amagciwane emzimbeni. Into esemqoka esebenzayo ekwakhiweni kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo lomthamo uyakwazi ukungena ngokushesha kulolwelwesi lwamaseli lwama-pathogenic agents bese ivimbela ukwakheka kweprotein,
I-anti-spectrum antibiotic ingeyeqembu le-peninimate aminoglycosides.
Izidakamizwa ezikulesi sigaba zisebenza ngokumelene namagciwane wama-pathologies amaningi athinta izitho zangaphakathi nezicubu ezithambile. Umsebenzi ubonwa maqondana nezinye ezincane zegram-negative ne-gram-positive. Uhlu lwamagciwane angenayo i-gram-negative azwela umuthi:
- Providencia stuartii;
- I-Salmonella spp;
- I-Serratia spp;
- I-Enterobacter spp;
- Shigella spp;
- I-Escherichia coli;
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa;
- Klebsiella spp.
Amagciwane anegram-positive, ayingozi kwi-Amikacin:
- I-Streptococcus spp;
- I-Staphylococcus spp.
Amagciwane amaningi we-anaerobic alwa nezidakamizwa:
- Bacillus aerothermophilus;
- Bacillus coagulans;
- UCandida lipolytica;
- I-Clostridium butyricum;
- UMonilia Mycobacterium;
- Ama-Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Ngokuphathelene namagciwane ahambisana negram, umuthi usebenza ngokulinganisela.
I-Pharmacokinetics
Noma yiliphi ifomu lomthamo lifakwa ngokushesha egazini, noma ngabe iluphi uhlobo lokuphatha. Kulesi simo, ukuqina okuphezulu kwe-serum yegazi kunganqunywa ngemuva kwamahora we-1-1,5 ngemuva kwesicelo sokuqala. Amaprotheni egazi ahambisana kancane nento esebenzayo (akukho ngaphezu kwe-10%). Ihlula umgoqo we-placental kanye ne-BBB. Ekugxilweni okuncane okukhona obisini lwebele.
Into esebenzayo ngemuva kokufakwa ayiguquki. Ushiya ngokuphelele umzimba emahoreni angama-5-6, ukhishwa yizinso ngomchamo. Ukuhoxiswa kwenziwa ngokungashintshiwe.
Umuthi osebenzayo ngemuva kokungena emzimbeni awuguquki, kepha ushiya ngokuphelele umzimba emahoreni angama-5-6, ukhishwe ngokusebenzisa izinso ngomchamo.
Izinkomba zokusetshenziswa
Ngenxa yekhono lomuthi wokuba nomphumela we-bacteriostatic emzimbeni, ukusetshenziswa kwalo kwenziwa ekuhlonzeni izifo zezifo zemvelo ezithathelwanayo ezigulini. Isimo esiyinhloko sokusebenzisa umuthi ubukhona bamagciwane abhekisisa umuthi emzimbeni wesiguli.
Izinkomba zokusetshenziswa kwe-antibiotic:
- ukutheleleka kwezitho zokuphefumula eziphansi nezinhla (i-pneumonia, i-pleural empyema, i-acon brischitis, i-tonsillitis, i-pharyngitis, i-sinusitis);
- i-endocarditis ye-etiology ethelelekayo;
- sepsis
- izinqubo zokuvuvukala ebuchosheni, kufaka phakathi i-meningitis;
- ukutheleleka kwamathambo (osteomyelitis);
- ukuvuvukala kwezitho zomzimba we-pelvic (cystitis, urethritis);
- i-peritonitis namanye ama-pathologies wesisu;
- ukuqubuka kwesikhumba nezinye izifo ezithathelwanayo zesikhumba (i-dermatitis, eczema).
Noma yiluphi uhlobo lokukhishwa luvunyelwe ukuthi lusetshenziswe esikhathini sokuvuselelwa ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kuzonciphisa ingozi yokutheleleka ngenxeba.
Contraindication
I-antibiotic ngayinye ye-aminoglycoside ine-contraindication eminingana. Isiguli kufanele sixwayise udokotela kusengaphambili ngokuthambekela kokuphendula komzimba ngenxa ye-hypersensitivity yabo (uma ikhona). Ukusetshenziswa kwanoma yiliphi ifomu lomthamo ngezinhloso ze-prophylactic and zokwelapha akwamukeleki uma isiguli sikhomba ama-pathologies alandelayo:
- izinqubo zokuvuvukala zezinzwa;
- ukulimazeka okukhulu kwezinso.
Isikhathi sokuzala, sokutholwa nokungabekezelelani kokuzala kwengxenye yomuntu ngamunye (eyinhloko nesekondari) njengengxenye yanoma yiluphi uhlobo lokukhululwa zibhekwa njengeziphikisana.
Ungayithatha kanjani i-Amikacin 500
I-anti-spectrum antibiotic yenzelwe ukuphathwa kwe-intravenous and intramuscular. Amafomu omthamo wokuphathwa ngomlomo awanqunyelwe ngumenzi. Ukuhlolwa kokuqala kokuphendula okungahle kwenzeke kuyadingeka. Izinga lansuku zonke lisho ngokuqondile isisindo somzimba sesiguli.
Umthamo omkhulu wansuku zonke weziguli zabantu abadala ngu-15 mg / kg. Ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa nezingane ezifika ezinyangeni eziyi-12, umthamo wezokwelapha ngu-7.5-10 mg / kg. Imiyalo yokusebenzisa ihlinzeka ngokuhlukaniswa kokujwayelekile kwansuku zonke izikhathi eziningana. Inkambo yokusetshenziswa kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo lokukhululwa ezimweni eziningi yizinsuku eziyi-10. Uma ungekho umphumela wokwelapha ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-4-5 zokusetshenziswa okujwayelekile, ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic kumele kumiswe bese kukhethwe i-analogue efanelekile.
Yini futhi kanjani ukuzalela
I-lyophilisate ihlanjululwe ngamanzi ngomjovo. I-Novocaine, i-lidocaine ayisetshenziselwa lezi zinhloso. I-foil kanye ne-rubper yokumisa ihlatshwa ngenaliti, okuqukethwe isirinji (amanzi afakwe emanzini) kungeniswa kancane kancane ebhodleleni le-powder. Isitsha sinyakaziswa ngamandla amasekhondi angama-20-30 kuze kube yilapho i-lyophilisate ichithwa ngokuphelele.
Ukuthatha umuthi wesifo sikashukela
Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela i-mellitus zingadinga ukulungisa irejimeni yemithamo ngenxa yokuthi i-antibiotic ayihlangani nayo yonke imishanguzo ye-hypoglycemic. Ukwelashwa kuqalwa kahle ngethamo elilodwa.
Imiphumela emibi ye-Amikacin 500
Imiphumela emibi ifaka phakathi noma yikuphi ukugula okuvelile ngenkathi kusetshenziswa i-lyophilisate nomjovo. Zitholakala ku:
- ipheshana emathunjini;
- uhlelo lokujikeleza;
- uhlelo lwezinzwa oluphakathi;
- ipheshana lomchamo kanye nohlelo lwe-urogenital.
Isiguli singathola ukubonakaliswa komzimba esikhumbeni.
Amapheshana wesisu
Isiguli sinokuhlinzwa kwama-transaminases wesibindi, ukugabha, isicanucanu, kanye nokwanda kwe-bilirubin egazini.
Izitho zeHematopoietic
Imiphumela emibi ibonakaliswa ngendlela ye-leukopenia, i-anemia, i-thrombocytopenia ne-granulocytopenia.
Isistimu yezinzwa ephakathi
Kusukela ohlangothini lwesistimu yezinzwa ephakathi kukhona ikhanda, ukozela, isithulu esifushane, izinzwa zesibindi.
Engxenyeni yezitho ze-hemopoietic, imiphumela emibi ibonakaliswa ngendlela ye-leukopenia, i-anemia, i-thrombocytopenia ne-granulocytopenia.
Kusuka ohlelweni lwezitho zofuzo
Kulesi simo, isiguli sivela i-oliguria, i-crystalluria, i-proteinuria, umsebenzi wezinso ongasebenzi kahle.
Allergies
Ukusabela okwenziwa yi-allergic ngesikhathi sokwelashwa ngama-antibiotic kuboniswa ngesimo sokuqunjaza esikhunjeni, ukugcwala kwesikhumba, umuzwa ovuthayo nokuluma.
Umthelela ekhonweni lokulawula izindlela
Ngenxa yokuthi ngemuva kwesizinda sokusetshenziswa okuvamile, ukudinwa kungavela, kufanele wenqabe ukushayela imoto nezinye izindlela zokuhamba.
Imiyalo ekhethekile
Ukuqapha kuyadingeka kubantu abanesifo sikaParkinson. Izinyathelo zokuthola imvume ye-creatinine kufanele zenziwe njalo. Iziguli ezinenkinga yesibindi ukusebenza zingadinga ukulungisa uhlobo lomthamo. Ngokweqile okungagunyaziwe komkhuba wokwelapha ovunyelwe, ubungozi bokuqhamuka nomphumela we-ototoxic ne-neurotoxic uyakhula.
Ngenxa yokuthi ngemuva kwesizinda sokusetshenziswa okuvamile, ukudinwa kungavela, kufanele wenqabe ukushayela imoto nezinye izindlela zokuhamba.
Uma kungekho lwazi olufanele nesipiliyoni esigulini, ukuphathwa okuzimele kwemisipha nokuthintana kwemithi elwa namagciwane akwamukeleki. Kulokhu, imijovo inikezwa esikhungweni sezokwelapha. Ukuhlolwa kwe-urinalization nokusebenzisa isikhathi eside umuthi kungaba yiphutha.
Sebenzisa ebudaleni
Iziguli esezikhulile kufanele zisebenzise i-antibiotic ngokuya ngemiyalo. Uhlobo lomthamo lungaphansi kokulungiswa kokuncipha kwalo. Ukuhlolwa kochwepheshe kuyadingeka.
Ukunquma i-Amikacin ezinganeni ezingama-500
Umuthi awunemikhawulo yobudala. Ukusetshenziswa kwesidakamizwa kwenziwa ngokuya ngohlelo olukhethiwe.
Iziguli esezikhulile kufanele zisebenzise i-antibiotic ngokuya ngemiyalo.
Sebenzisa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokukhishwa komzimba
Kulokhu, ukusetshenziswa ngokucophelela kuyadingeka. Ukuphathwa kwe-Intramuscular kuyathandwa.
I-overdose ye-Amikacin 500
Ukwanda okujwayelekile kwesimo sokwelashwa esivunyelwe kugqoke ukukhula kwezimpawu zomuntu zokweqisa. Lokhu kufaka ukoma okukhulu, ukuphuma komchamo okhubazekile, ukuphefumula ngokushesha, ukudideka, ukulahleka kwezindlebe okuyingxenye, ukubona okubonakalayo kanye ne-dyspepsia.
Ukwelashwa kufanele kube uphawu. I-Hemodialysis iyasebenza. Ukusetshenziswa komoya omncane komoya kungenzeka.
Ukuxhumana nezinye izidakamizwa
Ukuphathwa kanyekanye kwe-aminoglycoside nemithi ethile kuyahambisana nodokotela ohambelayo.
Inhlanganisela ehlanganisiwe
Imiphumela enobuthi ye-antibiotic ingathuthukiswa yile mithi elandelayo:
- ascorbic acid;
- b amavithamini;
- ama-penicillin ama-antibiotic.
Ukusetshenziswa kanyekanye kwezidakamizwa ezingenhla kwenqatshelwe.
Akuhlanganisiwe ukuhlanganisa
I-Ethacrine acid, i-Cisplatin, iFurosemide ngokuhlanganiswa nomuthi we-antimicrobial ingavusa umphumela we-ototoxic. Akunconywa ukuhlanganisa le mishanguzo.
Inhlanganisela edinga ukuqashelwa
Umuthi we-bacteriostatic ungahlanganiswa nezidakamizwa ezithile:
- Methoxyflurane;
- I-cyclosporine;
- IVancomycin.
Inhlanganisela kumele iqaphele.
Kuyenqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukuphuza utshwala ngesikhathi sokwelashwa ngomuthi olwa namagciwane.
Ukuhambisana notshwala
U-Ethanol ukhona kwiziphuzo ezidakayo, ezihlanganiswa ne-amikacin okungaholela ekucindezelekeni kokuphefumula. Kuyenqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukuphuza utshwala ngesikhathi sokwelashwa ngomuthi olwa namagciwane.
Ama-Analog
Iningi ukufaka esikhundleni kuyatholakala ngohlobo lwama-lyophilisates nezixazululo ezifakelwayo. Ama-Aminoglycosides angathathwa kahle emgudwini wokugaya ukudla, ngakho-ke amaphilisi, amaphilisi kanye nemisele akathengiswa. Analogs ifaka:
- I-Loricacin. Izizukulwane ezi-3 ze-Aminoglycoside, ezisebenza ngokumelana nenqwaba yamagciwane angama-gram-negative ne-gram-positive. Kutholakala ngesimo sezixazululo zomjovo. Kuthathwa ngezinjongo zokwelapha ngezifo ezithathelwanayo nezivuvukelayo zezitho zangaphakathi. Intengo - kusuka kuma-ruble angama-24.
- I-Flexelitis. I-analogue esiseduzane yoqobo, isakhi esiyinhloko sayo i-amikacin. Isixazululo somjovo senzelwe ukuphathwa kwe-intravenous and intramuscular. Inezinto ezibulala amagciwane. Izindleko - kusuka kuma-ruble angama-45.
- I-Amikacin-Kredofarm. Ukufakwa esikhundleni kwesakhiwo somkhiqizo wokuqala. Isithako esikhulu esisebenzayo yi-amikacin sulfate ene-250 mg. Izindleko ziqala kusuka kuma-ruble angama-48.
Ama-Analogs, njengesidakamizwa sokuqala, ayabhalwa. Wonke umuthi une-contraindication.
Isixazululo somjovo ne-lyophilisate kufanele sigcinwe endaweni ephephile yezingane, kude nomlilo nokukhanya kwelanga ngqo endaweni yokushisa engeqi ku-+25 ° C.
Imibandela yekhefu lekhemisi
Iholide elinikezwa. Leresiphi ibhalwe ngesiLatini.
Amikacin 500 intengo
Umuthi usekhemisi ama-ruble angama-34-75. (kuya ngamaphoyinti wokuqalisa).
Izimo zokugcina zomuthi
Isixazululo somjovo ne-lyophilisate kufanele sigcinwe endaweni ephephile yezingane, kude nomlilo nokukhanya kwelanga ngqo endaweni yokushisa engeqi ku-+25 ° C.
Isikhathi sokuphelelwa yisikhathi
Akudluli izinyanga ezingama-36 kusukela ngosuku lokwenziwa.
Umkhiqizi
I-KRASFARMA OJSC, SINTEZ OJSC, eRussia.
Amikacin 500 Ukubuyekezwa
Svetlana Aksionova, udokotela ojwayelekile, iYekaterinburg
I-antibiotic isetshenziswa emikhakheni eminingi yezokwelapha njenge-ejenti elwa namagciwane. Kubekezelelwa kahle iziguli. Ngaphambi kokuqokwa, ngenza izingxoxo kanye neziguli maqondana ne-contraindication engenzekayo, ekutholeni kwayo engingafaki umuthi ekwakhiweni kwekhambi.
Imiphumela emibi ayibonwa kaningi. Ukuvela kwe-allergic kutholakala ku-16% yeziguli. Ama-antihistamines anciphisa ukufakwa emanzini, ukumiswa nokucasulwa, kungakhathalekile ukuthi hlobo luni lokukhululwa. Ukuhlanganiswa kukhethwa ngudokotela oholayo.
UValentin, oneminyaka engama-36, eSt
Eminyakeni embalwa edlule kwatholakala ukuthi unesifo sikashukela, futhi aphoqelelwa ukuthi aphuze njalo imishanguzo ye-hypoglycemic. Emsebenzini, wabanda kakhulu, akazange aqale ukwelashwa ngesikhathi futhi “wakuthola” i-bronchitis. Kwakunokugobhoza esifubeni, ukuhlushwa okukhwehlela, ukuphefumula kwakunzima. Nginqume ukuya kudokotela.
Lesi sifo esithuthukile selashwa ngemithi elwa namagciwane. I-Amikacin etholwe ngomuthi, ngesimo se-powder sokulungiswa kwezixazululo. Wakha umuthi kabili ngosuku nge-ampoule eyi-1. Imiphumela ayivelanga, azange kube khona ukugula.
