Ukucaciswa kweshukela egazini kukhonjiswa ezinganeni ezinobungozi bokuthola isifo sikashukela noma ezinezimpawu ezingaba isici salesi sifo.
Izimpawu zesifo sikashukela ebusheni ebuntwaneni zingavela kungazelelwe futhi ziqhubeke ngesimo sokuthakatha noma zibe yi-atypical, zifane nesisu, izifo ezithathelwanayo.
Ukuxilongwa kusenesifo sikashukela kuqala kungavimba ukuqina kokukhula kwengane nokukhula kwayo, futhi kugweme izinkinga ezinzima, ukulimala kwezinso, iso, imithambo yegazi, nohlelo lwezinzwa.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi koshukela ezinganeni
Isici somzimba wengane ukuthi ushukela wegazi enganeni uqukethwe emakamu aphansi kunawabantu abadala. Ukukuthola, ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwenziwa esiswini esingenalutho.
Ingane eneminyaka emithathu ubudala ayinakukwazi ukuma ikhefu lamahora ayishumi ngemuva kokondliwa kokugcina, okunconywayo ngaphambi kokunika igazi. Ngakho-ke, ungamnika ukuthi aphuze amanzi okuphuza afudumele ekuseni wokuhlaziywa, kepha ukudla ukudla, ubisi, noma yiziphi iziphuzo ezinoshukela kufanele kungafakwa ngaphandle.
Ngaphambi kokuhlaziywa, ingane akufanele ibe nengcindezi engokomzimba noma engokomzwelo. Ucwaningo alwenzelwa izifo ezithathelwanayo, futhi noma imuphi umuthi onconyiwe uyakhanselwa ngokubonisana nodokotela wezingane.
Isimo soshukela wegazi ezinganeni zeminyaka emi-3 siyinkomba ye-3.3 - 5.0 mmol / L. Enganeni enonyaka owodwa, izinga liya ngokuguquguquka phakathi kuka-2.75 - 4.35 mmol / L, ngemuva kweminyaka eyisithupha okujwayelekile kufana nakwabadala - 3.3-5.5 mmol / L. Uma ukuhlolwa kwegazi kukhombisa i-glycemia ephansi kunezinga elijwayelekile elisezingeni eliphansi, elakhelwe ubudala, lapho-ke kwenziwa ukuxilongwa kwe-hypoglycemia.
Izinkomba ezedlula okujwayelekile, kepha zingaphakathi kuka-6.1 mmol / l, ukuxilongwa kokuqala kwe-prediabetes kwenziwa. Kulokhu, ukuhlaziywa kuyathunyelwa futhi. Uma umphumela owandayo utholakala amahlandla ama-2, khona-ke kuhlolwe isivivinyo sokubekezelela ushukela.
Imithetho yokuhlolwa kokushukela kwe-glucose ezinganeni:
- Ezinsukwini ezintathu ngaphambi kocwaningo, uhlobo lokuphuza nokudla kwengane akufanele kuguquke.
- Ukuhlolwa akwenziwa uma ingane inenkinga yesifo esithathelwanayo noma igonywe kungapheli isonto ngaphambi kwayo.
- Okokuqala, izinga likashukela lokuzila liyahlolwa (ngemuva kwamahora angama-8 kuya kokuzila).
- Kunikezwa isixazululo sikashukela ngesilinganiso esingu-1.75 g ngekhilogremu yesisindo sengane.
- Ngemuva kwamahora amabili, ushukela ulinganiswa kabusha. Ngalesi sikhathi sesikhathi, ingane kufanele ibe sesimweni esizolile.
Umphumela wokuhlolwa uhlolwa ngale ndlela elandelayo: uma eminyakeni emi-3 ngemuva kokuphumula kwamahora amabili ukusuka ekudleni kwe-glucose, ingane iba ne-gazi ephakeme kakhulu kune-11.1 mmol / l, khona-ke ukutholwa kwesifo sikashukela kuyaqinisekiswa, ngezinga lokufika ku-7.8 mmol / l - okujwayelekile, yonke imiphumela phakathi kwale mikhawulo isifo sikashukela.
Izimbangela zokwehlisa nokwandisa ushukela wegazi ezinganeni
Ushukela wegazi ophansi enganeni ubangelwa amazinga aphezulu e-insulin, ukungondleki kahle noma ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-carbohydrate emathunjini. Kepha i-hyperinsulinism evame ngokuphelele noma eyejwayelekile iba khona.
Imbangela ejwayelekile yokwanda ngokuphelele kwe-insulin egazini ezinganeni ngukuqubuka kwezicubu ze-islet zepancreas, ezithinta amaseli we-beta. Ibizwa ngokuthi i-insulinoma. Imbangela yesibili ye-hypoglycemia ezinganeni zonyaka wokuqala wokuphila yi-nezidoblastoz. Ngalesi sifo, inani lamaseli we-beta liyanda.
Ushukela wegazi ungancipha ezinganeni ngaphambi kwesikhathi nasekuzalweni komama onesifo sikashukela. I-Hypoglycemia ihambisana ne-endocrine pathologies, isimila, izifo zesibindi nezinso, i-congenital Fermentopathies. Kubangelwa izidakamizwa ezinciphisa ushukela nama-salicylates emithanjeni emikhulu.
Uma isimo sikashukela sengane siphakanyisiwe, khona-ke izizathu zalokhu zingaba:
- I-Endocrine pathology: isifo sikashukela i-mellitus, i-thyrotooticosis, hyperfunction ye-adrenal gland noma i-pituitary gland.
- Isifo se-pancreatic.
- Ukuxineka
- Ukulimala kokubeletha.
- Isifo sesibindi.
- Isifo sezinso.
Ngokuvamile, nge-hyperglycemia, isifo sikashukela siyatholakala. Imvamisa kubhekisa kuhlobo lokuqala.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo ezinganeni kuvame ukushesha, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukukhomba lesi sifo ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka futhi unikeze nokwelashwa kwe-insulin.
Kungani isifo sikashukela sabantwana senzeka?
Isici esiyinhloko sokuvela kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 ezinganeni isakhi sofuzo. Ubufakazi balokhu bususelwa ezihlelweni eziphakeme zamacala omndeni alesi sifo kanye nokuba khona kwesifo sikashukela ezihlotsheni eziseduze (abazali, odade nabafowethu, ogogo nomkhulu).
Uhlobo 1 sikashukela lukhula njengesilonda se-autoimmune pancreatic lesion. Lapho kuvezwa isici esibangela ukukhathazeka, ukukhiqizwa kwama-antibodies ngokumelene namaseli abo kuqala ngokuqala kwe-insulin engapheli. Amaseli weBeta ayabhujiswa, ngokuncipha kwenani lawo, ukuntuleka kwe-insulin kuyaqhubeka.
Izici ezinikezayo ekuthuthukisweni kwesifo sikashukela ebuntwaneni yizifo ezibangelwa yigciwane. Kulokhu, leli gciwane lingabhubhisa izicubu ze-pancreatic noma liholele ekulimazeni kwe-autoimmune kulo. Lezi zakhiwo zitholakala: i-retrovirus, i-Coxsackie V, i-Epstein-Barr virus, iminyuzi, i-cytomegalovirus, ubhubhane lwe-hepatitis kanye nama-mumps, isimungumungwane, i-rubella.
Ngaphezu kwezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane ezinganeni ezine-genetic pathology, isifo sikashukela sidalwa:
- Ama-nitrate ekudleni.
- Izimo ezicindezelayo.
- Ukuzondla kwasekuqaleni kobisi lwenkomo.
- Ukudla okunomsoco we-carbohydrate.
- Ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa.
Odokotela bezingane baphawula ukuthi imvamisa isifo sikashukela sitholakala ezinganeni ezinkulu ezizalwa zinesisindo esingaphezu kuka-4.5 kg noma sinomfutho othambile, ngokuntuleka kokuzivocavoca umzimba, emaqenjini ezingane ezigula kakhulu ezine-diathesis ehlukahlukene.
Izimpawu zesifo sikashukela ezinganeni
Ukuboniswa kwesifo sikashukela enganeni kungenzeka kunoma iyiphi iminyaka. Izimpawu ezi-2 zokubonakaliswa kwezimpawu zibonakalisiwe - eminyakeni eyi-5-8 kanye nakwiminyaka eyi-10-14, lapho kunokukhula okuthuthukile nezinqubo ze-metabolic zisheshiswa. Imvamisa, ukukhula kwesifo sikashukela kuqala kwandulelwa yigciwane noma isifo esingapheli sesibindi noma izinso.
Imvamisa, isifo sikashukela ezinganeni sivele kahle, futhi sitholakale lapho kuvela ikoma lesifo sikashukela. Lokhu kungandulelwa yisikhathi sokubhujiswa kwama-pancreas asymptomatic. Kuhlala izinyanga ezimbalwa, bese kuvela izimpawu zomtholampilo lapho cishe wonke amaseli akhiqiza i-insulin ebhujiswa.
Izimpawu ezijwayelekile zesifo sikashukela, ngokubonakala udokotela angenakho ukungabaza ngokutholwa, somile kakhulu, ukukhuphuka kokudla kanye nokunciphisa umzimba ngokubhekisele emuva kwaso, ukwanda nokuchama ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi ebusuku, ukungahambi kahle komchamo.
Indlela yokubonakala kokuphuma kokuchama komchamo ihlotshaniswa nezakhiwo ze-osmotic zeglucose. Nge-hyperglycemia engenhla kuka-9 mmol / l, izinso azikwazi ukubambezela ukuphuma kwazo, futhi zibonakale njengomchamo wesibili. Kulesi simo, umchamo uba umbala, kepha amandla akho athile adonsayo akhuphuka ngenxa yokuxhuma ushukela okuphezulu.
Izimpawu zesifo sikashukela zifaka:
- Ezinganeni, amabala omchamo ayanamathela, futhi ama-diaper awabukeki enenkanyezi.
- Ingane icela isiphuzo, imvama ukuvuka ebusuku ngomile.
- Isikhumba sinciphise ukuqina, isikhumba nolwelwesi lwamafinyila selomile.
- I-seborrheic dermatitis iyakhula esikhumbeni.
- Isikhumba ezintendeni zezinyawo nezinyawo ziyaxebuka, kuqhuma ukuqubuka kwecashboard.
- Ukuqagela okuqhubekayo kwe-pustular kanye ne-furunculosis.
- Izilonda eziphikelelayo zokuqina kwenhliziyo nomlomo wesibeletho.
Izingane ezinhlobo lokuqala lwesifo sikashukela zibukeka zibuthakathaka futhi zikhubazekile. Lokhu kungenxa yamandla endlala amaseli ngenxa yokulahleka kwe-glucose kumchamo nokuthinteka kwezicubu ezithambile. Ngokushoda kwe-insulin, futhi kunokwehla okwandayo kwamaprotheni namafutha emzimbeni, okuthi uma kuhlanganiswa nokuphelelwa ngamandla kuholele ekulahlekelweni okukhulu kwesisindo somzimba.
Ukuphazamiseka kwesistimu yokuzivikela komzimba kunomthelela ekuthelelekeni okuvame kakhulu, kufaka phakathi isikhunta, izifo ezithambekele ekwelashweni okunzima futhi okuhlala kwenzeka, kanye nokumelana nokwelashwa kwendabuko kwendabuko.
I-mellitus yeshukela ebolile esebuntwaneni yenzeka ngokusebenza okungasebenzi kahle kohlelo lwezinhliziyo - kuvela ukububula kokusebenza kwenhliziyo, ukubukeka kwenhliziyo kuyanda, isibindi siyanda, bese kuthi ukwehluleka kwe-renal kukhule. Ividiyo ekulesi sihloko ikhuluma ngesifo sikashukela ezinganeni.
