I-AMOKSIKLAV 2 - IMIYALO ESETSHENZISWAYO, INTENGO, UKUBUYEKEZWA KANYE NAMA-ANALOGUES

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I-anti-spectrum antibiotic iyasebenza ngokulwa nama-agents amaningi we-pathogenic, kufaka phakathi i-gram-positive ne-gram-negative bacteria. Ekulungisweni kwayo kwezinto ezi-2 ezisebenzayo, umenzi wengeze ezinye izinto ezisizayo. Ukusetshenziswa kwalo muthi kwenziwa ngemvume kadokotela onguchwepheshe okhetha imithamo kanye nenkambo yokuphatha. Imithi yokuzelapha ayikhishwa. Unokwephulwa, kufaka phakathi izihlobo, lapho kudingeka khona ukwamukelwa ngokucophelela ngaphansi kokuqondisa uchwepheshe.

Ngokunakekela

Ukuqapha kuyadingeka kubantu abanomlando wokuvuvukala kwamathumbu amakhulu. I-contraindication ehlobene nayo ifaka ne-pathologies enzima ye-renal, ukwehluleka kwesibindi, ama-trimesters okugcina ekwakhekeni kwe-fetus kanye nokuncelisa ibele.

I-anti-spectrum antibiotic iyasebenza ngokulwa nama-ejenti ambalwa we-pathogenic, kufaka phakathi i-gram-positive ne-gram-negative bacteria.

I-ATX

Umuthi unikezwe ikhodi ye-ATX yomuntu ngamunye - i-J01CR02.

Khipha amafomu nokwakheka

Umuthi uyatholakala ngefomu lethebhulethi nangefomu lokulungiselela ukumiswa. Zombili izinhlobo zama-dosage anezinto ezifanayo ezisebenzayo ekugxilweni okuhlukahlukene. Izingxenye ezengeziwe nazo ziyahlukahluka.

Amaphilisi

Uhlobo lwethebhulethi lwe-antibiotic ekwakhiweni kwalo luqukethe izinto eziyinhloko nezisizayo. Izinto ezisebenzayo zifaka usawoti we-clavulan potaziyamu (125 mg) ne-amoxicillin trihydrate (500 mg). Izinto ezingeziwe:

i-polysorb;
i-polyvinylpyrrolidone insoluble;
E468;
E572;
I-E460 (MCC).

Ithebhulethi ngayinye ihlanganiswa nefilimu le-enteric. Isihlungi sefilimu ekwakhekeni kwalo siqukethe:

i-hypromellose;
i-ethyl cellulose;
i-talc;
triethyl citrate.

I-Amoxicillin ngaphansi kwethonya le-asidi iba namandla amelana nama-β-lactamases.

Amaphilisi we-Biconvex white oval (kancane ukhilimu) afakwa emabhulashini (ama-5-7 ama-PC.) Namabhodlela engilazi (ama-15-21 ama-pcs.). Inani lamabhuloksi ebhokisini lekhadibhodi - ama-2-4 ama-PC. Ukufakwa kuqukethe ukumaka okudingekayo (imininingwane emayelana nomenzi, inombolo ye-batch, impilo yeshalofu).

Powder

Izakhi ezisemqoka zefomu lomthamo ziyefana nakwifomu lethebhulethi. Iqoqo le-amooticillin (500-1000 mg) ne-clavulan (100-200 mg) lingahluka. I-Lyophilisate yinto emhlophe yempuphu, efakwe emabhodleleni engilazi angabonakali. Intamo yesitsha ifakwe uphawu ngesivalo senjoloba futhi isongwe ngo-foil soft.

Ukuphathwa kwe-powder kufakwe emabhokisini amakhadibhodi, emuva okukhonjiswe khona izikhathi zokubumba, izinga lokushisa nokugcina. Ephaketheni - awekho ngaphezu kwama-Bubble ayi-5. Imiyalo yokusebenzisa iyatholakala ebhokisini ngalinye.

Isenzo se-Pharmacological

I-antibiotic ekwakhiweni kwayo iqukethe i-semisynthetic penicillin ne-clavulanic acid. Lesi sakamuva sinesibopho sokuhlinzeka ngendawo engagxiliwe engaphakathi kwama-beta-lactamases akhiqiza ama-microorganisms. I-Amoxicillin ngaphansi kwethonya le-asidi iba namandla amelana nama-β-lactamases.

I-Clavulan, njenge-beta-lactam antibiotic, inethonya elwa nomzimba emzimbeni. Umuthi lo usebenza ngokuqhathanisa nenani lama-pathogenic agents, kufaka phakathi i-gram-negative, i-gram-negative, i-anaerobic garins. Ubuningi be-grampositive:

I-Gardnerella vaginalis;
I-Streptococcus pneumoniae;
I-Enterococcus faecalis;
I-Streptococcus pyogenes kanye nezinye i-beta hemolytic streptococci;
Ama-viridans ama-Streptococcus.

Izinhlobo zeGram-negative:

Eikenella corrodens;
Moraxella catarrhalis;
I-Capnocyptophaga spp;
Pasteurella multocida;
I-Haemophilus influenzae.

Ngemuva kokungena emgodini wokugaya ukudla, izinto eziphambili zamathebhulethi zidonswa ngokushesha egazini futhi zithwelwe emzimbeni wonke.

Amagciwane we-Anaerobic:

I-Fusobacterium nucleatum;
Ama-bacteriides fragilis;
I-prevotella spp.

Ama-microorganisms amelana nemithi elwa namagciwane:

I-Enterobacter sp;
Morganella morganii;
I-Citrobacter freundii;
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia;
I-Acinetobacter sp;
I-Serratia sp;
I-Providencia spp.

Ezimweni eziningi, ukumelana kwama -organicorganis athile kutholakala ngokumelene nesizinda sokusebenzisa isikhathi eside i-antibiotic.

I-Pharmacokinetics

Izinqubo zokubola zezinto zombili ezisebenzayo ziyefana. Ngemuva kokungena emgodini wokugaya ukudla, izinto eziphambili zamathebhulethi zidonswa ngokushesha egazini futhi zithwelwe emzimbeni wonke. Imijovo ye-Intravenous (kuyaqabukela intramuscular) nayo idonswa ngokushesha esakhiweni somjovo.

Ukuhlushwa okuphezulu egazini kutholakala imizuzu engama-60 ngemuva komthamo wokuqala. Zombili lezi zakhi zisatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo kumaswidi athambile noketshezi. Ekugxiliseni okuncane, i-amoxicillin itholakala kuma-ovari, esibelethweni, emaphashini, esibindini, ku-fluid i-synovial, amathe, sputum nezicubu zemisipha.

Izinto ezisebenzayo azikwazi ukunqoba i-BBB, kepha zitholakala ngobisi lwebele kanye ne-placenta. Empeleni akubophele amaprotheni. I-metabolism engxenye, i-excretion yenziwa izinso namathumbu emahoreni angu-1.5-2.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-antibacterial ngezinhloso zokwelapha kanye ne-prophylactic kuvunyelwe uma isiguli sitholakale sinesifo se-etiology esithathelwanayo.

Izinkomba zokusetshenziswa

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-antibacterial ngezinhloso zokwelapha kanye ne-prophylactic kuvunyelwe uma isiguli sitholakale sinesifo se-etiology esithathelwanayo esibangelwa ama-microorganisms azwela izinto ezisebenzayo ekwakhiweni kwomuthi. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

izifo zokuphefumula eziphezulu (i-sinusitis, i-otitis media, i-pharyngitis, i-tonsillitis);
izifo zokuphefumula eziphansi (bronchitis, pneumonia);
ukutheleleka kohlelo lwe-genitourinary (cystitis, vaginosis);
ukutheleleka kwesikhumba, kufaka phakathi ukulunywa yizinambuzane kanye nokuqunjelwa esithweni sangasese sowesifazane sangasese;
izilonda ezithinta amathambo;
Izifo zamapheshana angumzimba wesifo esithathelwanayo (cholangitis).

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-antibiotic kungenzeka ngokuthuthukiswa kwezifo ze-odontogenic.

Contraindication

Umuthi unezinto eziningi eziphikiswa ngokuphelele. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

umlando we-cholestatic jaundice;
i-pathology enzima yesibindi;
i-mononucleosis ye-etiology ethelelekayo;
iminyaka yezingane (kuze kube iminyaka eyi-12);
hypersensitivity ezingxenyeni eziphambili ekwakhekeni komuthi;
ukungabekezelelani komuntu ngamunye kuma-antibiotics e-cephalosporins kanye neqembu lama-penicillins.

Umuthi uphambaniswe ebuntwaneni.

Umuthi ubhebhetshelwe ku-cholestatic jaundice.

Umuthi uphambaniswe ne-etiology mononucleosis esithathelwanayo.

Ngokuhluleka kwezinso, ukusetshenziswa ngokucophelela kwanoma yiliphi uhlobo lomthamo kuyadingeka.

Sebenzisa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokukhishwa komzimba

Ochwepheshe abancomi ukusetshenziswa komuthi ngezinhloso ze-prophylactic nezokwelapha ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokuncelisa. Emiyalweni yokusetshenziswa, lezi zikhathi zikhonjiswa njengokuphulwa okuhlobene. Ukuthatha ifomu lomlomo kungenzeka uma kukhona usongo empilweni kanina. Ezigabeni zakamuva, awukwazi ukufaka umuthi ngo / m noma / ngo.

Ungayithatha kanjani i-Amoxiclav 2?

Ukwelashwa ngezidakamizwa kungenziwa ekhaya. Umthamo kanye nenkambo yokuphatha kukhethwa ngawodwana, kususelwa esimweni esivamile sesiguli kanye nasezingeni lezifo zesifo.

Kwabadala

I-lyophilisate ihlanjululwe ngamanzi omjovo. Kuyadingeka ukuqapha umbala we-ketshezi: isixazululo esinamafu kumele sichithwe. Isimo sokwelapha lesi sidakamizwa akufanele singeqi ku-30 ml. Ukuze kube lula, iphathwe ngokwezilinganiso, izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngosuku. Akunconywa ukuphatha ngaphezu kwe-10 ml (1 ibhodlela le-500 mg / 100 mg). Isixazululo esiphelile sifakwa kancane emthanjeni.

Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela esivele satholakala zingadinga ukulungisa uhlobo lomthamo.

Izibhebhe zemithi zithathwa ziphelele, okungcono ekuqaleni kokudla, ukumunca kahle nokuvimbela ukusabela okungekuhle kuphephabhuku lesisu. Isimo sansuku zonke asidluli amaphilisi ama-3. Inkambo yokwamukelwa iyizinsuku eziyi-10-14. Ingadluliselwa ngemvume kadokotela ohambayo uma ungekho umphumela omuhle.

Umthamo wezingane

Izingane zinikezwa ifomu lethebhulethi. Isimo sokwelashwa ngqo sincike kusisindo somzimba wengane. Abasakhulayo abanesisindo esidlula i-40 kg babekelwa i-10 mg / kg ye-clavulanic acid, i-amoxicillin - hhayi ngaphezu kwe-45 mg / kg.

Ukuthatha umuthi wesifo sikashukela

Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela esivele satholakala zingadinga ukulungisa uhlobo lomthamo. Ukwemukela kungcono ukuqala ngemithamo yesigamu.

Imiphumela emibi

I-Amoxiclav 2, uma isetshenziswe ngokungafanele, ingavusa ukusabela okungathandeki.

Amapheshana wesisu

Ukusuka emgudwini wokugaya ukudla, ukuphazamiseka kwesisu kuyabonakala, kufaka phakathi izinhlungu ze-epigastric, i-dyspepsia, isifo sohudo, umsebenzi owandisiwe we-AST ne-ALT.

I-Amoxiclav 2, uma isetshenziswe ngokungafanele, ingadala isifo sohudo.

Izitho zeHematopoietic

Ukusuka ohlelweni lokujikeleza kwegazi, i-thrombocytopenia, i-leukopenia, i-hemolytic anemia ne-pancytopenia kuhlukaniswa.

Isistimu yezinzwa ephakathi

Isiyezi, i-migraine, ukuphazamiseka kokulala (ukuqwasha, ukudinwa), ukukhathazeka, ukuphazamiseka kwesizinda sasemizwa kubangelwa yimiphumela emibi evela ohlelweni lwezinzwa oluphakathi.

Kusuka ohlelweni lomchamo

Ukusuka ohlelweni lomchamo, i-crystalluria nezinqubo zokuvuvukala ezinso zihlukaniswe (akuvamile).

Allergies

Ezimweni eziningi, i-allergy izibonakalisa ngesimo sokuqunjaza esikhunjeni, i-urticaria, ukulunywa kanye nesikhumba. Akuvamile - ukushaqeka nge-anaphylactic ne-edema kaQuincke.

Imiyalo ekhethekile

Ngokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside, kubalulekile ukuthatha njalo ukuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo. Lokhu kokugcina kungaba yinto enhle ngamanga ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwesixazululo sikaFel. Ukusetshenziswa kwendlela yethebhulethi yesidakamizwa ngasikhathi sinye njengokudla kunciphisa ubungozi be-dyspepsia.

Ngokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside, kubalulekile ukuthatha njalo ukuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo.

Ukuhambisana notshwala

Ukuphuza utshwala ngesikhathi somuthi olwa namagciwane akunqatshelwe ngokuphelele. I-Ethanol kanye ne-amooticillin icasisa ukuthuthukiswa kokudakwa.

Umthelela ekhonweni lokulawula izindlela

Uma isiguli singenamiphumela emibi ngendlela yokudangala, khona-ke ukushayela nezinye izimoto kuvunyelwe.

Sebenzisa umsebenzi wesibindi okhubazekile

Ama-pathologies wesibindi angqubuzana okuhlobene. Ukulungiswa komthamo kungadingeka.

Isicelo sokusebenza kokulimala kwezinso

Ngama-pathologies ezinso, umuthi udakwa njalo emahoreni angama-24. Isimo sansuku zonke asikho ngaphezu kwe-1 ithebhulethi. Ngesikhathi sokufaka isicelo, ukuqapha imvume ye-creatinine kuyadingeka.

Ukweqisa

Akukho mininingwane ethembekile emiphumeleni ebulalayo nge-overdose yemithi. Isimo sesiguli siye siwohloka kakhulu bese kuvela izimpawu, ezibandakanya:

ukugabha okungalawulwa;
Ubuhlungu besifuba;
Isiyezi
iminyakazo
ukuqwasha

I-overdose ingavusa ukugabha okungalawulwa.

I-overdose ingavusa ubuhlungu besifuba.

I-overdose ingadala ukuqwasha.

Lapho kuvela izimpawu zokuqala ze-malaise, kufanele uthintane nesikhungo sezokwelapha ngokushesha okukhulu. Ukwelashwa kubekiwe njengophawu. Usizo lokuqala luqukethe ukugeza isisu nokuthatha i-enterosorbent (namalahle ocushiwe). Asikho isidakamizwa.

Ukuxhumana nezinye izidakamizwa

Izakhi ze-Chondroitin, i-aminoglycoside, i-antacid, i-laxatives zinganciphisa isilinganiso sokumuncwa. I-Ascorbic acid ikhulisa ukumuncwa kwezinto ezisebenzayo ekwakhiweni kwomuthi. Imithi evimbela ukukhiqizwa kwe-calcium (NSAIDs, diuretics, phenylbutazone) ingakhuphula izinga lezinto ezisebenzayo.

Ukuphathwa kanyekanye kwe-anticoagulant nomuthi kufanele kube ngaphansi kokuqashwa kukachwepheshe. Uma kwenzeka kungahambisani nemiyalelo yezokwelashwa, kuye kukhuphuke isikhathi se-prothrombin. Umuthi olwa namagciwane ungakhuphula ubuthi be-antimetabolite. I-Allopurinol nomuthi ngenkathi uyithatha uyandisa ingozi yokuthola i-exanthema. IDisulfiram ayihambelani nomuthi.

Ama-Analog

I-penicillin antibiotic inezibambiso eziningana ezinomphumela ofanayo wokwelapha. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

Kuhlangene. I-Macrolide antibiotic iyi-azalide enezinto eziningi ezisebenzayo. Kutholakala ngefomu le-powder, lapho ukumiswa kulungiselelwe khona. Isakhi esiyinhloko i-azithromycin dihydrate. Inempahla ebizwayo yokulwa nomthetho. Isebenza ngokumelene ne-staphylococci ne-streptococci. Intengo emakhemisi isuka kuma-ruble angama-215.
Flemoklav. I-analogue yesakhiwo ngesakhiwo esifana nesasekuqaleni. Indima yezinto ezisebenzayo yi-amoxicillin ne-clavulan. Kuyatholakala ngesimo samathebulethi ngokugxila okuhlukile kwezinto ezisebenzayo. Izindleko emakhemisi zivela kuma-ruble angama-300.
UFlemoxin. I-antibiotic elingeqembu le-penicillin yi-analog ye-ampicillin. Kuyatholakala ngesimo sethebhulethi. Umphumela we-antibacterial ukhona. Izindleko zefomu lomthamo kumakhemisi zisuka kuma-ruble angama-230.

I-Flemoklav iyi-analogue yesakhiwo enokwakheka okufana nokwasekuqaleni.

UFlemoxin - umuthi olwagciwane leqembu le-penicillin, yi-analogue ye-ampicillin.

I-Sumamed isebenza ngokulwa ne-staphylococci ne-streptococci.

Noma iyiphi i-analogue iyatholakala ngokubhaliwe. Contraindication kanye nemiphumela emibi okungenzeka ichazwe kwimiyalo.

Imibandela yekhefu lekhemisi

Noma yiluphi uhlobo lokukhishwa kwezidakamizwa lufuna umuthi ovela kumakhemisi

Ngingakwazi ukuthenga ngaphandle kadokotela?

Akunakwenzeka ukuthenga i-antibiotic ngaphandle kadokotela.

Izimo zokugcina zomuthi

Umuthi ufakiwe kuhlu B. Isitolo esitolo kumazinga okushisa angeqi ku-25 ° C endaweni emnyama, epholile, ephephile.

Isikhathi sokuphelelwa yisikhathi

Gcina ngaphezu kwezinyanga ezingama-24.

Ukubuyekezwa ku-Amoxiclav 2

Ukubuyekezwa mayelana nomuthi wethulwa ngezansi.

Odokotela

UKirill Andreev, udokotela wezifo eziwumshayabhuqe, uVoronezh.

Nginikeza i-antibiotic kaningi, iziguli ziyaneliswa ngomphumela. Kubalulekile ukulandela yonke imiyalo kadokotela oholayo, thatha amaphilisi, ngokuya ngohlobo lomthamo. Uma uzizwa ungasasebenzi, ngincoma ukuthi ngiyeke ukwelashwa masinyane.

USvetlana Zavyalova, udokotela wamazinyo, uSamara.

Umuthi uyasebenza, kepha iziguli zivame ukukhononda ngemiphumela emibi evela ku-Amoxiclav. Ezimweni eziningi, ukusabela okuncane komzimba okuvela ngendlela yokuqunjelwa engxenyeni engenhla yedermis. Bangalashwa ngamafutha e-antihistamine, okuyinto i-allergist ezokusiza ukuthi ukhethe.

I-Amoxiclav

Iziguli

U-Evgenia Baratyntseva, oneminyaka engama-47, uRostov-on-Don.

Isifo sikashukela mellitus senza buthaka kakhulu amasosha omzimba, kwatholakala ukuthi i-bronchitis yatholakala. Ngesikhathi sokukhukhumala, bekungenzeki ukulala nokuphefumula. Ngahlupheka izinsuku ezi-4, ngaya kudokotela. Wayala umuthi olwa nemithi elwa namagciwane, wawuthenga ngomuthi. Umuthi wasiza, angizwanga ukugula.

I-Anatoly Verd, eneminyaka engama-72, Ek Ektininburg.

Sekuphele iminyaka engu-34 ngihlaselwa yisifo sikashukela. Izifo ezithelelanayo zohlelo lokuphefumula zivame ukutholakala. Umlutha usuqhamukele ezidakamizweni “ezilula”, ayekile ukusiza. Ichaze umuthi onamandla obulala amagciwane. Isizile ngokushesha. Ngosuku lokuqala, ngazizwa sengilele, okwadlula usuku olulandelayo.