I-Metformin 500 ikhonjelwa ukulawula isifo sikashukela. Lesi sifo sihlukile kwezinye izifo ngokusabalala nokwanda kwengozi yokufa. Ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela kungenye yemisebenzi ebekwe kuqala odokotela emhlabeni jikelele.
Igama Lezwe elingafanele
Igama elijwayelekile nguMetformin.
I-ATX
A10BA02.
Khipha amafomu nokwakheka
Akhiqizwa ngesimo amaphilisi. Ukwakheka kuqukethe umuthi wezinto zokwelapha i-metformin hydrochloride nezinto ezisizayo: i-silicon dioxide, usawoti we-magnesium stearic, Copovidone, cellulose, Opadry II. Umuthi awukhiqizwa emaconsi.
Akhiqizwa ngohlobo lwamathebulethi, ukwakheka kuqukethe umuthi wezinto zokwelapha metformin hydrochloride nezingxenye ezisizayo.
Isenzo se-Pharmacological
I-Metformin (dimethylbiguanide) inomphumela asebenzayo we-antidiabetes. Umphumela wayo we-bioactive uhlotshaniswa nekhono lokuvimbela izinqubo ze-gluconeogeneis emzimbeni. Kulokhu, ukugcwala kwe-ATP kumaseli kuyancipha, okuvuselela ukuwohloka koshukela. Umuthi ukhulisa inani loshukela ongena usuka esikhaleni esingaphezulu kwesinye useli esitokisini. Kukhona ukwanda kwenani le-lactate ne-pyruvate ezicutshini.
Umuthi wehlisela ukuqina kokubola kwamafutha, uvimbela ukwakheka kwamafutha e-asidi angalinganiselwe.
Ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwe-biguanides, ushintsho esenzweni se-insulin luyaqapheleka, okuholela ekwehleni kancane kancane kwenani le-glucose egazini. Akukhuthazi ukwakheka kwe-insulin ngamaseli e-beta, okufaka isandla ekukhululekeni okusebenzayo kwe-hyperinsulinemia (okwandisa i-insulin egazini).
Ezigulini ezinempilo, ukuthatha iMetformin akuholeli ekwehlekeni koshukela wegazi. Kulokhu, kuthathwa ukulwa nokukhuluphala ngenxa yokuvinjwa kwesifiso sokudla, kwehlise ukuqina kokufakwa kweglue kusuka emgodini wesisu ungene egazini.
Iphinde ibe nempahla ye-hypolipidemic, okungukuthi, yehlisa inani lamazinga aphansi we-lipoprotein obhekene nokwakhiwa kwamachweba we-atherosclerotic. Inomphumela onenzuzo ekusebenzeni kwemithambo yegazi nenhliziyo, ivimbela ukubonakala kwe-angiopathy (ukulimala kwemithambo nemithambo yesifo sikashukela).
I-Pharmacokinetics
Ngemuva kokuphathwa kwangaphakathi kwethebhulethi, inani eliphezulu le-dimethylbiguanide lifinyelelwa ngemuva kwamahora ayi-2,5. Amahora ayi-6 ngemuva kokusetshenziswa kwangaphakathi, inqubo yokumunca isuka emathunjini wamathumbu yaphela, kwathi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kwaba nokuncipha kancane kancane kwenani leMetformin epulatini yegazi.
Ukwemukelwa ngemithamo yokwelapha kusiza ukugcina ukunakekelwa komuthi ku-plasma ngaphakathi kwe-1-2 μg ku-1 litre.
Ukusetshenziswa kwesidakamizwa ngokudla kunciphisa ukumuncwa kwento esebenzayo kusuka ku-plasma. Ukuqunjelwa kwesidakamizwa kwenzeka emathunjini, esiswini, ezindlwini zamathe. I-bioavailability yesidakamizwa ifinyelela ku-60%. Amaprotheni e-plasma awabophisi ngokwanele.
Ichithwa kanye nezinso ngu-30% ongashintshiwe. Inani elisele lekhompiyutha likhishwa isibindi.
Ukwemukelwa ngemithamo yokwelapha kusiza ukugcina ukunakekelwa komuthi ku-plasma ngaphakathi kwe-1-2 μg ku-1 litre.
Izinkomba zokusetshenziswa
Umuthi ubekelwe uhlobo 1 noma isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Kuyisengezo ekwelapheni okukhulu kwesifo sikashukela (kusetshenziswa izidakamizwa ezinciphisa i-insulin noma ushukela). Uma kwenzeka isifo sikashukela sincike ku-insulin, sinqunywa kuphela ngokuhambisana ne-insulin. Ngohlobo 2 sikashukela, i-monotherapy ingabekwa.
Kunconyelwa nokwelashwa kokukhuluphala, ikakhulukazi uma lokhu kudalwa kwengqondo kudinga ukubhekwa njalo kweglucose yegazi.
Contraindication
Kufinyelelwe kumacala alandelayo:
- iminyaka yesiguli efinyelela eminyakeni eyi-15;
- hypersensitivity ku-metformin nanoma iyiphi enye ingxenye yamacwecwe;
- i-precoma;
- ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-renal nokwehluleka (kunqunywa yi-creatinine imvume);
- ketoacidosis;
- izicubu ze-necrosis;
- ukomisa komzimba okubangelwa ukugabha noma isifo sohudo;
- ukulimala kwezinyawo zesifo sikashukela;
- i-pathologies enzima yokutheleleka;
- ukwethuka kwesiguli;
- ukushaya kwenhliziyo okukhulu;
- ukuntuleka kwe-adrenal;
- Ukudla okunama-kilojoule angezansi kwe-1000 kcal;
- ukwehluleka kwesibindi;
- i-lactic acidosis (kufaka phakathi futhi ku-anamnesis);
- umlutha wotshwala;
- ama-pathologies ashubile futhi angamahlalakhona abangela ukulamba kwe-oxygen oxygen kubantu;
- umkhuhlane
- ukulimala okukhulu, ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa, isikhathi sokusebenza;
- ukusetshenziswa kwanoma iluphi uhlobo lwezinto ze-radiopaque eziqukethe iodine;
- ukudakwa kakhulu nge-ethanol;
- ukukhulelwa
- ukucaphuka.
Iziguli ezilawulwa utshwala azivunyelwe ukuthatha iMetformin 500.
Ngokunakekela
Ukuqapha kufanele kusetshenziswe lapho uthatha izinto ezinciphisa ushukela ngokubheka ingozi engaba khona yokuphendula kwe-hypoglycemic. Iziguli zidinga ukulandela imithetho yokudla kokudla, zinamathele ekusetshenzisweni komfaniswano wama-carbohydrate usuku lonke. Ngokwesisindo somzimba esandisiwe, inani elincane kufanele lisetshenziswe.
Ungayithatha kanjani iMetformin 500
Amacwecwe athathwa ngomlomo, ngaphandle kokuhlafuna, ngamanzi amaningi. Uma isiguli sinenkinga yokugwinya, khona-ke kuvunyelwe ukuhlukanisa ithebulethi libe izingxenye 2. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingxenye yesibili yepilisi kufanele idakwe ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqala.
Ngaphambi noma ngemuva kokudla
Ukwemukelwa okwenziwa kuphela ngemuva kokudla.
Ukuthatha umuthi wesifo sikashukela
Esikhathini sikashukela, umthamo wokuqala unqunywe kumathebhulethi ama-2 we-500 mg. Ngeke ihlukaniswe ngemithamo emi-2 noma emi-3: lokhu kusiza ukwenza buthaka ukuqina kwemiphumela emibi. Ngemuva kwamaviki ama-2, inani lenyuka lifinyelela ezingeni lesondlo - amaphilisi ama-3-4 we-0.5 g lilinye.Uthamo lomuthi we-metformin oluphezulu nsuku zonke ngu-3 g.
I-Metformin 500 ithathwa kuphela emva kokudla.
Endabeni yokusebenzisa iMetformin nge-insulin, umthamo wayo awuguquki. Kamuva, ukwehla okuthile kwenani le-insulin ethathiwe kuyenziwa. Uma isiguli sidla amayunithi angaphezu kwama-40. i-insulin, khona-ke ukwehla kwenani layo kuvunyelwe kuphela esimweni sesibhedlela.
Ungayithatha kanjani ukuze unciphise isisindo
Ukwehla kwesisindo, umuthi unqunywe izikhathi eziyi-0.5 g 2 ngosuku, uqiniseke ngemuva kokudla. Uma umphumela wokunciphisa umzimba unganele, khona-ke kubekwe enye futhi i-0.5 g. Isikhathi sokwelashwa kokuncipha kwesisindo akufanele sibe ngaphezu kwamasonto ama-3. Izifundo ezilandelayo kufanele ziphindwe kuphela emva kwenyanga.
Ehlelweni lokunciphisa umzimba udinga ukudlala ezemidlalo.
Isikhathi sokuphuma
Isikhathi sokuphila se-dimethylbiguanide singamahora ayi-6.5.
Imiphumela emibi yeMetformin 500
Ukuthuthukiswa kwemiphumela emibi kwenzeka kaningi.
Amapheshana wesisu
Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile yilena: isicanucanu, ukugabha, isifo sohudo, ukuncipha okukhulu kwesifiso sokudla, izinhlungu esiswini namathumbu. Imvamisa iziguli zizwa ukunambitheka okuthile kwensimbi emgodini womlomo.
Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile yobuhlungu esiswini namathumbu.
Lezi zibonakaliso zivele kuphela ekuqaleni kokusetshenziswa kwomuthi bese zinyamalala ngemuva kwalokho. Ukwelashwa okukhethekile akudingekile ukwehlisa lezi zimpawu.
Ngasohlangothini lwe-metabolism
Kuqabukela kakhulu ukuthi isiguli sihlakulele i-lactic acidosis. Lesi simo sidinga ukukhanselwa.
Engxenyeni yesikhumba
Uma kwenzeka kwe-hypersensitivity ezigulini, ukusabela kwesikhumba ngesimo sokubomvu kwe-epidermis nokulunywa kungenzeka.
Uhlelo lwe-Endocrine
Kuyaqabukela, iziguli ezinesifo sokusebenza kwe-thyroid noma i-adrenal gland zingabonakala.
Allergies
Ukungezwani komzimba kwenzeka kuphela ngokwanda kokuzwela komuntu okukodwa okwenziwa endaweni ethile. Umuntu angathuthukisa: i-erythema, ukulunywa, ubomvu kwesikhumba ngohlobo lwe-urticaria.
Uma kwenzeka kwe-hypersensitivity ezigulini, ukusabela kwesikhumba ngesimo sokubomvu kwe-epidermis nokulunywa kungenzeka.
Umthelela ekhonweni lokulawula izindlela
Awukho umthelela omubi ekhonweni lokushayela imishini eyinkimbinkimbi nokushayela imoto. Kufanele kuqashelwe kakhulu lapho kunqunywa iMetformin kanye nezinye izidakamizwa ezinciphisa ushukela, ngoba zinganciphisa kakhulu ushukela. Ukushayela kulesisimo akunconyelwe ukugwema ubungozi bezingozi.
Imiyalo ekhethekile
Ukusetshenziswa kwomuthi kuhlotshaniswa nezici ezithile. Ukuqapha kufanele kusetshenziswe ekuthuthukiseni ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, ukungasebenzi kwezinso, kanye nesibindi. Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, kuyadingeka ukuqapha i-glucometer.
Umuthi ukhanseliwe ezinsukwini ezi-2 ngaphambi nangezinsuku ezi-2 ngemuva kwe-fluoroscopy usebenzisa ama-radiopaque agents. Kufanele kwenziwe okufanayo lapho isiguli sinqunywa izinqubo zokuhlinzwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile noma yendawo.
Ngokuthuthukiswa kokutheleleka kwezifo zomchamo kanye nezitho zangasese, udinga ukubonana nodokotela ngokuphuthumayo.
Sebenzisa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokukhishwa komzimba
Kuyenqatshelwa ukuthatha lapho uthwala ingane futhi uncelisa ibele.
Ukunquma iMetformin ezinganeni ezingama-500
Ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-15 ubudala, umuthi awuchaziwe.
Sebenzisa ebudaleni
Kubantu asebekhulile, ukulungiswa komthamo kuyadingeka. Akunconyelwe ukuthi iziguli ezinjalo zinqume imithamo eyamukelekayo yomuthi. Imithamo yokwelapha esekelayo kufanele isetshenziselwe ukunciphisa imiphumela emibi. Kwesinye isikhathi kubekwe iMetformin 400.
Isicelo sokusebenza kokulimala kwezinso
Uma kwenzeka ukulimazeka kwezinso, umuthi kufanele usetshenziswe ngokuqapha. Uma i-nephropathy yesifo sikashukela iye yathuthuka, khona-ke umuthi ukhanseliwe, ngoba ukusetshenziswa kwawo kungawubangela umonakalo owengeziwe ezinso. Enye yezinhloso zokwelapha isifo sikashukela ukuvimbela ukuthuthuka kokwehluleka kwezinso kanye nokulimala kwe-glomerular.
Uma kwenzeka ukulimala kwezifo, lesi sidakamizwa kufanele sisetshenziswe ngokucophelela, uma ngabe isifo sikashukela sesiqalekile, isidakamizwa sikhanselwa.
Sebenzisa umsebenzi wesibindi okhubazekile
Ngokuphazamiseka kwesibindi, umuthi udakwa ngokuqapha. Okuhlukahlukene ekulimaleni komonakalo kwezicubu zesibindi kunomthelela ekushintsheni kwe-metabolism. Izinkomba zokucaciswa kwe-Creatinine namanye amapharamitha we-biochemical kufanele kugadwe ngokucophelela.
I-overdose yeMetformin 500
I-overdose ingadala i-lactic acidosis, kepha ayithuthukisi i-hypoglycemia. Izimpawu ze-lactic acidosis:
- ukuhlanza
- isifo sohudo
- ukungakhululeki esiswini;
- ukukhuphuka okukhulu kwezinga lokushisa;
- Ubuhlungu bemisipha
- Ubuhlungu esiswini.
Uma kungekho ukunakekelwa kwempilo ngalesi sikhathi isiyezi, isiyezi siyakhula. Ngokuzayo, ukukhohlisa kwenzeka.
Sebenzisa kuyaphela ngokuthuthukiswa kwe-acidosis. Isiguli silaliswa esibhedlela ngokuphuthumayo. Indlela ephumelela kakhulu yokuqeda umzimba yi-hemodialysis.
Uma kungekho ukunakekelwa kwezokwelashwa ngesikhathi kwe-overdose, isiyezi, isiyezi kukhula.
Ukuxhumana nezinye izidakamizwa
Ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe ngesimo sokuphathwa kanyekanye kwe-sulfonyl-urea ne-insulin. Kunengozi enkulu yokwehla okubukhali kwe-glucose egazini esigulini. Umphumela we-hypoglycemic we-Biguanides uncishiswa yile mithi elandelayo:
- ama-glucocorticosteroid amanxusa wemisebenzi ehlelekile neyasendaweni;
- izinto ze-sympathomimetic;
- i-glucagon;
- amalungiselelo e-adrenaline;
- ama-progestogens nama-estrogens;
- ukulungiswa kwezinto ezivezwa yi-gland yegilo;
- imikhiqizo ye-nicotinic acid;
- i-thiazide diuretics;
- ama-phenothiazines;
- I-Cimetidine.
Ngcono umphumela we-hypoglycemic:
- Ama-inhibitors e-ACE;
- i-beta-2 adrenergic antagonists;
- Mao inhibitors;
- I-cyclophosphamide kanye nama-analogues ayo;
- yonke i-non-steroidal PVP;
- I-Oxetetracycline.
Ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe ngesimo sokuphathwa kanyekanye kwe-sulfonyl-urea ne-insulin.
Ukuthatha ama-iodine aqukethe i-iodine ezifundweni ze-X-ray kuguqula imetabolism ye-Metformin, yingakho iqala ukukhombisa umphumela onamandla. Kungadala ukungahambi kahle kwezinso.
I-Chlorpromazine ivimbela ukukhishwa kwe-insulin. Lokhu kungadinga ukwanda kwe-metformin.
Ukudliwa kwe-biguanides kukhulisa ukugcwala kwe-Amilorid, Quinine, Vancomycin, Quinidine, Cimetidine, Triamteren, Ranitidine, Procainamide, Nifedipine.
Ukuhambisana notshwala
Utshwala bandisa ingozi ye-lactic acidosis. Ngesikhathi sokulashwa, kufanele ugweme ukusetshenziswa kophuzo oludakayo nayo yonke imishanguzo nemikhiqizo equkethe i-ethanol, ngoba ayinakho ukuhambisana neMetformin.
Ama-Analog
Analogs yile:
- IFommetin;
- IGlucophage;
- Siofor;
- Metformin Siofor;
- Metformin Long;
- Metformin Canon;
- Metformin Zentiva;
- I-Bagomet;
- Metfogamm;
- ILangerine;
- I-Glycomet.
IFommetin ingasebenza njengezifanekiso zesidakamizwa iMetformin 500.
Imibandela yekhefu lekhemisi
Kudingeka incwadi kadokotela. Igama lomkhiqizo kufanele libhalwe ngesiLatini.
Ngingakwazi ukuthenga ngaphandle kadokotela
Kwenqatshelwe ukuthengisa umuthi ekhemisi ngaphandle kokuthola umuthi.
Ukuzelapha kungathinta kabi isimo somuntu futhi kudale i-hypoglycemia enzima.
Intengo yeMetformin 500
Izindleko zomuthi eziseRussia zingaba ngama-ruble angama-155. iphakethe ngalinye lamathebhulethi angama-60.
Izimo zokugcina zomuthi
Kufanele igcinwe ekushiseni kwegumbi endaweni eyomile.
Isikhathi sokuphelelwa yisikhathi
Umuthi ufanele ukusetshenziswa iminyaka emi-3.
Umkhiqizi
Umuthi ukhiqizwa emabhizinisini e-Indoco remedies ltd, L-14, Verna Industrial Area, Verna, Salcete, Goa - 403 722, India, Teva Pharmaceutical Enterprises Ltd. E-Russia, umuntu angathola isidakamizwa esikhiqizwe ebhizinisini lakwaGedeon Richter.
Ukubuyekezwa mayelana neMetformin 500
Kwi-Intanethi ungafunda ukubuyekezwa kochwepheshe neziguli abathathe umuthi.
Odokotela
U-Irina, oneminyaka engama-50 ubudala, i-endocrinologist, eMoscow: "I-Metformin nezimpawu zayo - iGlucofage neSiofor - zisiza ukulawula ngempumelelo lesi sifo futhi sinciphise amazinga kashukela. Umuthi ubekezelelwa kahle yiziguli, kuphela ezimweni ezingavamile lapho ukubonakaliswa kokuxineka kwesisu kwenzeka ezinsukwini zokuqala zokwelashwa. Umuthi olungiselelwe kahle unciphisa isidingo somzimba se-insulin yesifo sikashukela. "
USvetlana, oneminyaka engama-52 ubudala, odokotela abasebenza nge-endocrinologist, uSmolensk: "Umsebenzi wokwelashwa ngempumelelo kwesifo sikashukela ukugcina amazinga kashukela ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo ejwayelekile futhi avikele ukukhula kwezinkinga eziyingozi. I-Metformin ibhekana kahle nalezi zinto. Ezigulini ezisebenzisa umuthi, inkomba ye-glycemic isondele kakhulu kwesejwayelekile."
Iziguli
U-Anatoly, oneminyaka engama-50 ubudala, eSt. Petersburg: "IMetformin isize ukuvimbela ukuqala kwe-hyperglycemia. Ushukela manje awukhuphuki ngaphezulu kuka-8 mmol / L. Ngizizwa ngingcono. Ngithatha iMetformin 1000 ngokwemiyalo."
U-Irina, oneminyaka engama-48, uPenza: “Ukuthatha lo muthi, kwehlisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-insulin.Kungenzeka ukugcina izinkomba ze-glycemia ngaphakathi kwemingcele enconywe udokotela. Ngemuva kwalawa maphilisi, izinhlungu zemisipha zahamba, futhi umbono wathuthuka. "
Ukulahlekelwa isisindo
U-Olga, oneminyaka engama-28, uRyazan: "Ngosizo lweMetformin 850, kungenzeka ukuthi kwehliswe isisindo ngamakhilogremu ayi-8 ngokuhlanganiswa nekhalori ephansi nokudla okune-carb ephansi. Ngizwa kahle, angizizwa nginesiyezi noma ngiphelelwa amandla. Ngemuva kokwelashwa ngizama ukunamathela ekudleni kusuka ekukhuluphweni."
