I-Augmentin umuthi ohlangene we-antibacterial osetshenziselwa ukwelapha izingane kanye nabantu abadala. Inzuzo yesidakamizwa yikhono lokuyisebenzisa ebuntwaneni.
Ath
Le antibiotic ifakiwe ku-anatomical-Therapeutic-chemical classization (ATX). Lokhu kokugcina kunconywe yi-WHO. Ikhodi J01CR02.
Inzuzo yesidakamizwa yikhono lokuyisebenzisa ebuntwaneni.
Khipha amafomu nokwakheka kwe-Augmentin
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokukhishwa kwezidakamizwa: amaphilisi kanye ne-powder lapho ukumiswa kulungiselelwe khona. Umuthi awutholi kwisiraphu. Ngokungafani noFlemoxin Solutab, izinhlanganisela ezi-2 ezisebenzayo zikhona kulolu lungiselelo ngaso leso sikhathi: i-clavulanic acid ne-amoxicillin.
Amaphilisi
Amathebulethi ane-125 mg ye-clavulanic acid anomumo oyindilinga (oval). Zimhlophe ngombala igama lesidakamizwa i-Augmentin. Amacwecwe abekwe emabhulokini ezincezu ezi-7 noma eziyi-10, ukufakwa kwamakhadibhodi nokupakisha okwenziwe nge-foil. Izithako ezingeziwe zifaka i-magnesium stearate, i-silicon dioxide, i-cellulose, ne-carboxymethyl starch. I-membrane yefilimu iqukethe i-macrogol, hypromellose nezinye izithasiselo.
Izibhebhe ze-Augmentin zibekwa emabhulini ezingcezu ezi-7 noma ezi-10.
Powder
Imvamisa, i-powder ibekwa ngesikhathi sokwelashwa. Simhlophe ngephunga elithile. Uma kuxutshwa uketshezi, kuvela i-white precipitate. Izakhi ezisizayo ze-powder yi-ancinic acid, i-aspartame, ukunambitheka, i-hypromellose, i-gum ne-silicon dioxide.
Isixazululo
Kujovwe (kuyi-vein noma emisipha ye-gluteus) lapho isiguli sisesimweni esibi.
Indlela yokusebenza
Umuthi ubhubhisa amagciwane angasebenzisi gram-positive and gram-negative. Ine-beta-lactamase inhibitor, okuholela ekubhujisweni kwama-enzymes angamagciwane asebenza ezidakamizweni ngendandatho ye-beta-lactam. Konke lokhu kwandisa ukusebenza komuthi.
Amagciwane angakholi gram kanye ne-gram-negative angathinteka ku-Augumentin.
Lokhu okulandelayo kungatholwa i-Augmentin:
- i-nocardia;
- uhlu;
- i-ejenti yokubulala i-anthrax;
- streptococci;
- staphylococci;
- i-ejenti yokuhlanzeka ye-pertussis;
- Helicobacter pylori;
- moraxella;
- neysseries;
- i-ejenti yokubangela i-borreliosis;
- treponema;
- leptospira;
- izinti ze-hemophilic;
- cholera vibrio;
- gram-negative anaerobes (bacteriode, fusobacteria, clostridia).
Ama-intracellular parasites (chlamydia, mycoplasmas), i-yersinia, i-enterobacter, i-acinetobacteria, i-cytrobacter, i-serrations, i-morganella ne-legionella ayamelana nomuthi. I-Klebsiella, iProteus, iSalmonella, iShigella, i-Escherichia coli, i-Enterococci, i-Corynebacteria kanye nezinye izinhlobo ze-streptococci kungenzeka ukuthi zathola ukumelana nezidakamizwa.
Isakhi esiyinhloko se-antibiotic (amooticillin) yi-bactericidal, okungukuthi, sibulala amagciwane.
I-Pharmacokinetics
Lapho ungenile, izakhi eziyinhloko zidonswa ngokushesha emgudwini wokugaya ukudla. Ukufakwa ngokuphelele (ukumuncwa) kuyabonakala lapho uthatha umuthi ekuqaleni kokudla. Izakhi zihlangana ngamaprotheni futhi zisatshalaliswa kuwo wonke umzimba. I-Clavulanate ne-amoxiclav zitholakala ngobuningi emathanjeni, izicubu, izicubu zomzimba kanye nezitho ze-parenchymal, kanye ne-biological secretion.
Izakhi ze-Augmentin zingangena kalula kwi-placenta, ngaphandle kokubangela ukungahambi kahle kwe-fetus. Izinto ezisebenzayo zingena emithanjeni yezilwane ezincelisayo nobisi lwebele. Kufika kuma-25% ezakhi zezidakamizwa ezifakiwe ezidonswa yizinso. I-Clavulanic acid isetshenziswa ngokushesha futhi ikhishwe ezinso, ezinjeni nasemoyeni ngamaphaphu. I-Amoxicillin yenziwa kuphela kumchamo.
Izakhi ze-Augmentin zingangena kalula kwi-placenta, ngaphandle kokubangela ukungahambi kahle kwe-fetus.
Izinkomba zokusetshenziswa
Izifo ezilashwa ngu-Augmentin:
- Ukutheleleka kwesikhumba nezicubu ezithambile. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-streptoderma ne-staphyloderma (folliculitis, ecthyma, impetigo, ostiofolliculitis, hydradenitis, amathumba, i-carbuncle).
- Ukutheleleka kwendlela ephezulu yokuphefumula namaphaphu (i-tonsillitis, ukulimala kwe-bronchi, ukuvuvukala kwesinono, i-tonsillitis engapheli, ukuvuvukala kwendlebe, i-tracheitis, inyumoniya).
- I-Pathology yesistimu ye-genitourinary (cystitis acute futhi engamahlalakhona, i-urethritis, ukuvuvukala kwezinso, i-prostatitis, i-vulvovaginitis, i-endometritis, i-salpingoophoritis, i-prostatitis).
- I-gonorrhea (isifo esidluliselwa ngocansi eqenjini le-STI).
- I-Osteomyelitis (ukuxhaswa kwesifo samathambo).
- Ukulimazeka kwamazinyo nomhlathi (ama-abscesses, i-periodontitis, ukuvuvukala kwezono maxillary).
- Izimo zeStoic.
- Izifo zangemva kokusebenza.
- Ukuvuvukala kwe-peritoneum (peritonitis).
Ingasetshenziselwa isifo sikashukela
Ukuba khona kwesifo sikashukela akuyona inkambiso yokusetshenziswa kwe-Augmentin, kodwa kufanele kusetshenziswe ngokuqapha. Kuyadingeka ukulawula amazinga kashukela egazini.
Iziguli ezine-nephropathy enesifo sikashukela (ukulimala kwezinso) azinqunyelwe noma yimuphi umuthi.
Contraindication
Contraindication yilezi:
- ukungabekezelelwa kwezidakamizwa (hypersensitivity);
- i-allergy to beta-lactam antimicrobials;
- iminyaka yeziguli efinyelela eminyakeni eyi-12 nesisindo somzimba esincane (ngaphansi kwama-40 kg amafomu wethebhulethi angama-875, 250 no-500 mg);
- iziguli zineminyaka engaphansi kwezinyanga ezi-3 (nge-powder 200 no-400 mg);
- ukungasebenzi kwezinso;
- phenylketonuria (kafulawa).
Umuthi olwa namagciwane unikezwa ngokuqapha kubantu abalimala isibindi.
Uma isiguli sinokulimala kwesibindi, umuthi unqunywa ngokuqapha.
Ungayithatha kanjani
Umuthi uncamela ukuwusebenzisa ekuqaleni kokudla, ngoba lokhu kunciphisa ubungozi bemiphumela engafuneki. I-Augmentin ingathathwa ngaphambi kokudla. Ukuphindaphindeka kokuphuza umuthi izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngosuku. Lapho welapha izingane, ukubalwa kwamthamo kuyadingeka kudokotela oya kuye. Umthamo ubuye uguqulwe ekwelapheni abantu asebekhulile abane-renal dysfunction. Kulokhu, imvume iyabhekwa.
Lapho usebenzisa i-powder, kumiswa ukumiswa kuka-5 ml. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokushesha ngaphambi kokudla. Amanzi abilisiwe endaweni yokushisa yasekamelweni afakwa kwi-vial, emva kwalokho inyakaziswe. Izinsolo kufanele zivunyelwe ukuhambisa cishe imizuzu emi-5, bese ziphinda zengeza amanzi kulolo olufunayo. Ngemuva kokuqhaqhazela, isixazululo singathathwa ngomlomo. Ngemuva kokuthambisa, umuthi ugcinwa isikhathi esingaphezu kwesonto esiqandisini. Akumele iqandiswe.
Zingaki izinsuku okufanele uthathe
Isikhathi sokwelashwa sincike kulesi sifo esiyisisekelo futhi sisukela ezinsukwini ezi-5 kuye kwezingu-14.
Ngemuva kwe-dilution, ukumiswa okuqediwe kugcinwa esiqandisini isikhathi esingaphezu kwesonto.
Imiphumela emibi
Ukuphuza umuthi uvame ukuhambisana nemiphumela engathandeki (emibi). Lezi zinguquko azizinzile futhi ziyanyamalala ngemuva kokuyeka ukwelashwa.
CNS
Kusukela ohlelweni oluphambili lwezinzwa kungenzeka:
- ikhanda
- Isiyezi
- umsebenzi owandisiwe (ongabonakali kakhulu);
- isifo esishukumisayo;
- ukuphazamiseka kokulala;
- ukuvuka
- ushintsho ekuziphatheni.
Imiphumela emibi ye-Augmentin kusuka ohlelweni lwezinzwa oluphakathi ikhanda ikhanda, isiyezi nokuphazamiseka kokulala.
Lezi zimo ziyaguquguquka futhi zingenzeka kunoma yisiphi isigaba sokwelashwa kwama-antiotic.
Kusuka ipheshana lesisu
Kusukela ohlangothini lwesistimu yokugaya ukudla, imiphumela elandelayo engathandeki ibonwa:
- ukwephulwa kwesitulo njengokuhudula;
- isicanucanu (kwenzeka ngomthamo ophakeme wesidakamizwa);
- ukuhlanza
- ukuvela kwe-enamel yezinyo.
Kwesinye isikhathi i-colitis (ukuvuvukala kwe-mucosa yamathumbu amakhulu), i-gastritis (ukuvuvukala kwesisu) kanye ne-stomatitis (ukuvuvukala kwe-mucosa yomlomo) kukhula.
Le miphumela emibi ingagwenywa uma uthatha i-antibiotic ngokuya ngemiyalo.
Uhlelo lwe-Urinary
Lezi zitho zomzimba azivamile. Kwesinye isikhathi kuba nephritis ye-interstitial, i-hematuria (ingxube yegazi kumchamo) kanye ne-crystalluria (ukuvela kosawoti emchameni).
Uhlelo lokugonywa
Akuvamile ukuhlupheka lapho uthatha i-antibiotic. Mhlawumbe ukuthuthukiswa kwe-angioedema (ngenxa yokungezwani komuthi), i-anaphylaxis, i-serum syndrome ne-vasculitis (ukuvuvukala kwemithambo).
Isikhumba nolwelwesi lwe-mucous
Kwesinye isikhathi i-candidiasis yesikhumba nolwelwesi lwama-mucous luyakheka.
Eminye yemiphumela emibi yesidakamizwa ukuthuthukiswa kwe-candidiasis yolwelwesi lwama-mucous.
Kusuka ohlelweni lwegazi nolwe-lymphatic
Lapho usebenzisa umuthi, kwesinye isikhathi kuyaphawulwa:
- ukwehla kwenani eliphelele lamaseli amhlophe egazi (leukopenia);
- ukuncishiswa kweplatelet;
- i-hemolytic anemia;
- i-agranulocytosis eguqukayo;
- ukwandiswa kwesikhathi segazi lokuhlangana;
- ukopha
- i-eosinophilia (okweqile okwejwayelekile kwama-eosinophils egazini).
Isibindi nepheshana elihlanganisiwe
Ngesinye isikhathi, inani lama-enzymes wesibindi egazini leziguli liyanda. Ukuphendula okungahambi kahle yi-jaundice, i-hepatitis (ukuvuvukala kwezicubu zesibindi), amazinga akhuphukayo we-bilirubin ne-alkaline phosphatase. Le miphumela engafuneki itholakala ikakhulukazi kubantu abadala.
Imiyalo ekhethekile
Lapho eqoka u-Augmentin, udokotela kufanele acabangele hhayi izinkomba kanye ne-contraindication kuphela, kodwa nezincomo ezikhethekile. Lapho wenza ukwelashwa, awukwazi ukuphuza utshwala obungabizi futhi obubizayo.
Lapho uthatha u-Augumentin, awukwazi ukuphuza iziphuzo ezidakayo.
Sebenzisa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokukhishwa komzimba
Kungcono ukungasebenzisi imishanguzo lapho uthwele ingane. Izifundo eziningi ngemiphumela yokukhula kwengane azenziwanga. Lapho uvivinya umuthi ezilwaneni, wawungekho umphumela wesidakamizwa. I-antibiotic ingabekwa ngesikhathi sokuncelisa. Uma kwenzeka imiphumela engafuneki, yeka ukwelashwa.
Umthamo wezingane
Powder for ukumiswa kuboniswa enganeni kuze kube iminyaka eyi-12. Njengoba isisindo somzimba singama-40 kg noma ngaphezulu, umthamo awufani nalowo kubantu abadala. Ukwelashwa kwezingane kusuka ezinyangeni ezintathu kuya eminyakeni eyi-12 kungenziwa ngokumiswa kwe-4: 1 (izikhathi ezi-3 ngosuku) kanye nokumiswa kwesilinganiso se-7: 1 (izikhathi ezi-2 ngosuku). Lapho usethubeni lwe-hemodialysis, umuthi ungathathwa isikhathi esingu-1 ngosuku.
Sebenzisa ebudaleni
Ukulungiswa kwedosi kwenziwa kuphela nge-renal pathology.
Iziguli ezingasebenzi kahle isibindi
Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, kubhekwa isimo sesibindi (ukuhlolwa kwegazi nge-biochemical).
Ngesikhathi sokulashwa no-Augumentin, isimo sesibindi sesiguli sibhekelwe ngempela.
Iziguli ezinenkinga yezinso umsebenzi
Amathebulethi umthamo we-1000 mg (wezinto ezisebenzayo) asetshenziswa kuphela ngokuchazwa komchamo we-umchino we-30 ml / min ngaphezulu. Kufakwa umjovo.
Umthelela ekhonweni lokulawula izindlela
Umuthi olwa namagciwane ungaholela kusiyezi, ngakho-ke isikhathi sokwelashwa udinga ukwenqaba ukusebenza ngemishini kanye nezimoto zokushayela.
Ukweqisa
Izimpawu zokweqisa kwe-Augmentin yilezi:
- ukuphazamiseka kwe-dyspeptic (ubuhlungu besisu, ukuqhakaza, uhudo, isicanucanu, ukugabha);
- Izimpawu zokuphelelwa ngamandla emzimbeni (isisindo sokwehla kwesikhumba, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuhamba kancane, i-lethargy);
- iminyakazo
- izimpawu zokulimala kwezinso.
Ngomthamo we-1000 mg, umjovo wesidakamizwa unconywa.
Usizo luqukethe ukumisa umuthi, ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa ezinesibonakaliso, ukwelashwa kokungenisa, ukuthatha izangoma, ukugeza isisu nokuhlanza igazi nge-hemodialysis.
Ukuxhumana nezinye izidakamizwa
Akunconyelwe ukusebenzisa inhlanganisela ye-amoxicillin ne-clavulanic acid ne-probenecid ngasikhathi sinye. Lapho kuhlanganiswa ne-allopurinol, kuvame ukwenziwa ukungezwani komzimba. Ngokusebenzisa kanyekanye i-penicillin antibiotic ene-methotrexate, ubuthi bamuva buye bukhuphuka.
Ama-Analog
Ukuqanjwa okufanayo ne-Augmentin yisidakamizwa i-Amoxiclav. Ngomshini wokusebenza, iSuprax isondelene ne-antibiotic. Lokhu kungummeleli weqembu lama-cephalosporins. Into esebenzayo isikhathi se-cefixime. Umuthi lo uyatholakala ngesimo samaphaphu kanye nemifino.
Izimo zokugcina izidakamizwa i-Augmentin
Ukushisa kwesitoreji - ngaphansi kuka- + 25ºC. Gcina umuthi endaweni eyomile ongafinyeleleki ezinganeni. Ukumiswa kugcinwa esiqandisini ekushiseni kwe +2 kuya ku- + 8ºC.
I-antibiotic isatshalaliswa kuphela ngomuthi obhaliwe.
Isikhathi sokuphelelwa yisikhathi
I-powder engavuthiwe igcinwa iminyaka emi-3. Impilo yamashalofu yamathebulethi yiminyaka emi-2 nayi-3, ngokuya ngokuqukethwe kwezinto ezisebenzayo.
Imibandela yekhefu lekhemisi
I-antibiotic isatshalaliswa kuphela ngomuthi obhaliwe.
Intengo ye-Augmentin
Izindleko ezijwayelekile zesidakamizwa emakhemisi ngama-ruble angama-250 ukuya kwangama-300.
Ukubuyekezwa mayelana ne-Augmentin
UCyril, oneminyaka engu-35, u-Perm: "Muva nje, lapho kuhlolwa i-smear kusuka ku-urethra, kutholakale i-pathogen of gonorrhea. Kwabekwa amaphilisi ka-Augmentin. Ngemuva kwenkambo yokwelashwa, zonke izinkomba zanyamalala."
U-Elena, oneminyaka engama-22, eMoscow: "Ngemuva kokuzalwa okunzima, kwaqala ukwenziwa i-sepsis. Odokotela bajova i-antibiotic esekwe ku-amooticillin ne-clavulanic acid. Manje ngizwa kahle."
U-Alexander, oneminyaka engama-43 ubudala, uNizhny Novgorod: "Emasontweni ambalwa edlule ngagula yi-pyelonephritis. Bengikhathazekile ngobuhlungu obuphansi emuva kanye nomkhuhlane. Udokotela ungitshele ukuthi ngilashwe no-Augmentin. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa ngathola ukuthuthuka."
