Umuthi yigciwane elisetshenziselwa ukwelapha izinkinga eziningi zempilo. Kungokweqembu lama-penicillin. NgesiLatini, umuthi uzwakala njenge-Amoxicillin.
I-ATX
Ikhodi yezidakamizwa ngokuya ngezigaba zamakhemikhali we-anatomical and therapeutic: J01CA04. Incwadi uJ iveza ukuthi umkhiqizo ungowemithi elwa namagciwane asetshenziswa ngendlela efanelekile yiziguli.
Khipha amafomu nokwakheka
Umkhiqizo usesimweni samathebulethi, amakhompiyutha kanye nemifino. Kukhona nokumiswa ukuze kusetshenziswe njengomjovo.
Kwezinye izimo, ngokwelashwa okungapheli, kukhonjiswa imijovo yalesi sidakamizwa.
I-powder, eku-ampoules, ixubene nosawoti. Ngokuphathwa kwe-intravenous, umthamo uvame kakhulu yi-1000 mg izikhathi ezi-2 ngosuku (kwiziguli ezindala).
Amaphilisi
Iphilisi eli-1 liqukethe ama-250 noma ama-500 mg wesithako esisebenzayo (i-amoxicillin trihydrate) nezinto ezisizayo ezifaka isandla ekugayeni kokudla okungcono. Isidakamizwa uSandoz nabanye bakhiqizwa.
Amakhandlela
I-1 capsule, njengethebhulethi, iqukethe ama-250 noma ama-500 mg we-amoxicillin trihydrate njengento esebenzayo.
Ama-granules
Umuthi ngale ndlela yokukhululwa wenzelwe ukuzilungiselela ukumiswa kwesiguli.
Ukumiswa okuqediwe ngenani le-5 ml kuqukethe ama-250 mg we-amoxicillin trihydrate.
Leli fomu linqunyelwe lezi ziguli ezinganconyelwanga kakhulu amaphilisi noma amaphilisi ngenxa yempilo yazo. I-125 mg granules ingezingane. Ukulungiselela ukumiswa, kutholakala umuthi obizwa ngokuthi yi-Pharma.
Indlela yokusebenza
Umgomo wokusebenza kwe-antibiotic uhambisana neqiniso lokuthi usebenza emaqenjini athile ama-enzyme ayizingxenye zezindonga zamagciwane. Ngenxa yokucekelwa phansi kwezindonga zeseli, amagciwane ngokwawo ayafa.
Umsebenzi omkhulu we-amoxicillin wokulwa nama-microorganisms ahlukahlukene, womabili ama-gram-ne-gram-negative, aqoshwa. Amanye ama-microorganisms akhombisa ukungahambisani nemithi elwa namagciwane, ngakho-ke, isithako esisebenzayo ngokuhlanganiswa ne-clavulanate siyasetshenziswa ebudlelwaneni babo. Kungumvikeli we-antibiotic emisebenzini ye-beta-lactamase.
I-antioxotic Amoxicillin iyakwazi ukusebenza ngokulwa namagciwane afana ne-gonococci, isalmonella, i-streptococcus, i-shigella ne-staphylococcus.
I-antibiotic iyakwazi ukusebenza ngokulwa namagciwane anjenge-gonococcus, salmonella, i-streptococcus, i-shigella ne-staphylococcus.
I-Pharmacokinetics
Ngomthamo owandayo, ukuqoqwa kwengxenye esebenzayo emzimbeni kukhuphuka ngokuqondile. I-ejenti ikhishwa ngu-50-70% ngokusebenzisa izinso, konke kusetshenzwa yisibindi.
Yini esiza?
Umuthi unqunywe ngokuqinile izinkomba. Odokotela banquma ukunquma ikhambi uma isiguli sesithole indlela elandelayo:
- Izifo zesistimu yokugaya ukudla (dysentery, typhoid fever, peritonitis, cholecystitis, enterocolitis).
- Ukuphazamiseka kwesistimu ye-genitourinary (pyelonephritis, urethritis, cystitis, nephritis, gonorrhea).
- Izifo kanye nokutheleleka kwesikhumba (i-leptospirosis, i-bacterial dermatosis).
- Izifo zepheshana lokuphefumula elingaphezulu nelingezansi.
Umuthi olwa namagciwane unqunyiwe uma isiguli sike sahlangabezana nezifo ezinjenge-bronchitis, i-tonillitis, inyumoniya, ukukhwehlela, umkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, imidiya ye-otitis kanye nasekhaleni.
I-Amoxicillin inqunywa uma isiguli sihlangabezane nesifo esinjenge-angina.
Lapho kukhona izinkinga ezifana ne-peptic ulcer kanye ne-gastritis esiteji esibuhlungu, i-Amoxicillin ingasetjenziswa ngokubambisana ne-Metronidazole, ngombana lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ulwe ngokuzeleko namagciwane we-Helicobacter pylori, okuholela ekutholakaleni kwalezi zifo.
Ngoshukela
Ngalesi sifo, i-antibiotic isetshenziswa njengendawo yokugcina, okungukuthi, lapho kudingeka kuphela ukwelashwa okubulala amagciwane. Ukunikezwa kwesidakamizwa kuzoba nemfanelo uma isiguli sesithole izifo ezithinta ukuphefumula eziphansi, izinqubo ezithathelwanayo nezokuvuvukala ohlelweni lwe-urinary noma i-dermatological pathologies. Lapho enquma umuthi, umuntu kufanele acabangele iminyaka yesiguli kanye nohlobo lwesifo sikashukela okutholakala ukuthi unaso.
Contraindication
Lapho kukhona ama-pathologies athile ezempilo, ukuthatha lesi sidakamizwa akunakwenzeka. Le mibandela ifaka:
- Hypersensitivity engxenyeni esebenzayo yomuthi.
- I-Lymphocytic leukemia.
- Isifo somoya (Broth).
- Ukwehluleka okukhulu kwesihlungu se-renal kanye ne-hepatic.
Ungayithatha kanjani i-amooticillin?
Umthamo ngqo ekwelashweni kwabantu abadala nezingane ezineminyaka emi-2 kuya kwengama-5 kufanele ucaciswe kuphela ngudokotela onquma ukwelashwa ngalo muthi.
Isilinganiso esiqondile somuthi ekwelashweni kwabantu abadala kufanele sibhekwe kuphela ngudokotela.
Isifo ngasinye ngasinye sidinga ukuqokwa komthamo ohlukile we-antibiotic, okwenza kubaluleke ukubonana nochwepheshe. Ekwelashweni kwabesilisa nabesifazane, akukho mehluko kumthamo, udinga nje ukuthi unake isisindo nobudala besiguli.
Uhlobo lokwelashwa olusetshenziswa kakhulu ukuphatha umuthi olwa namagciwane kumthamo ka-250-500 mg kathathu ngosuku.
Kungcono ukubekezelela isikhathi sokuphumula phakathi kwemithamo yomuthi, ngoba lokhu kuzosiza ukugcina ukuqoqwa okufisayo kwento esebenzayo emzimbeni womuntu.
Ngaphambi noma ngemuva kokudla
Ukudla akuphazamisi ukumuncwa umuthi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi lungasetshenziswa ngaphakathi ngaphambi nangemuva kokudla. Lapho wenza ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic, kungahle kudingekile ukuba ulondoloze ukudla, ngoba kungadala ukungasebenzi kahle kwamathumbu.
Zingaki izinsuku zokuphuza
Inkambo yokwelashwa nge-antibiotic imuntu ngamunye futhi incike ekujuleni kwesifo eselashwa. Ngokuyisisekelo, isikhathi sokwelashwa sivela ezinsukwini eziyi-10.
Lapho wenza ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic, kungahle kudingekile ukuba ulondoloze ukudla, ngoba kungadala ukungasebenzi kahle kwamathumbu.
Imiphumela emibi
Njenganoma imuphi umuthi, umuthi uvame ukuholela ekuphenduleni okubi.
Ukungezwani komzimba
Ukuvela kokungezwani komzimba okuhlukahlukene ukusabela okuvame kakhulu ekuphuzeni umuthi. Ukucasuka kungavela esikhunjeni ngesimo sezindawo ezi-hyperemic, ubomvu namakhuba, diathesis.
Kusuka ohlelweni lwezinzwa nezitho zomzimba
Isibonakaliso esinjengokushisa komzimba okwenyukayo kungenzeka, umkhuhlane nesiyezi kuyabonakala.
Umuntu angazizwa edidekile, alale kabi, azizwe ekhathazekile futhi ekhuluphele.
Engxenyeni yezitho zombono, ukubonakala kwe-rhinitis ne-conjunctivitis kungenzeka.
Kusuka ohlelweni lwezinhliziyo
Isiguli singaba ne-tachycardia (inhliziyo palpitations).
Kusuka esigungwini sokugaya ukudla
Ukuvela kwe-nausea ne-dyspepsia, isifo sohudo.
Ukuthatha i-Amoxicillin kungadala isicanucanu kumuntu.
Imiyalo ekhethekile
Ukuqapha kumele kusetshenziswe lapho uthatha umuthi kwezinye izikhathi.
Ukuhambisana notshwala
Umuthi, njengama-antibiotic amaningi, awuhambisani nokuphuza utshwala. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ngokuhlangana ndawonye, zingadala ukwehluleka kwe-renal kanye necrosis yezicubu zesibindi. Njengoba utshwala bunomphumela omubi ezithweni zokugaya (kufana ne-antibiotic), lokhu kuzothathwa ngumzimba njengokushaya kabili komgudu wokugaya ukudla.
Sebenzisa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokukhishwa komzimba
Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, umuthi olwa namagciwane kufanele unikezwe ngokuqapha. Ungayibhala kuphela ngophawu lwesibili nolwesithathu lokukhulelwa. Lapho ukuncelisa ibele, umuthi futhi wenqatshelwe ukuba ungathathwa ngesizathu sokuthi ungena ubisi lwebele futhi ungadala ukuphazamiseka kokugaya ukudla enganeni futhi kufake isandla ekulweni nemizwa.
Ungayinikeza kanjani izingane i-Amoxicillin?
Umuthi ungabekelwa izingane ezineminyaka engama-4 ubudala, kepha lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngaphansi kokubhekwa kwezokwelashwa okuseduze. Ukusuka eminyakeni emi-5 kuye kweli-10, umthamo ulawulwa ngudokotela, kepha imvamisa yi-250 mg kathathu ngosuku.
Ukusuka eminyakeni emi-5 kuye kweli-10, umthamo wezidakamizwa ulawulwa ngudokotela, kepha imvamisa yi-250 mg kathathu ngosuku.
Ukweqisa
Uma umthamo oboniswe udokotela udlulwa kakhulu, kungaqhamuka isifo sohudo esinzima. Kulokhu, ukwelashwa okubonakalayo kufanele kunqunywe, i-hemodialysis izoba ngumkhiqizo okhiqizayo.
Ukuxhumana nezinye izidakamizwa
Ekwelapheni izilonda zesisu kanye ne-gastritis, iMetronidazole ichazwa kanyekanye nalesi sidakamizwa. Kuthuthukisa umphumela wesidakamizwa sokuqala, esenza ukuthi sikwazi ukufeza umphumela omuhle kakhulu wokwelapha.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-antibiotic nezinye izidakamizwa kungabonakala njengokuhle ezimweni eziningi.
Kepha ezinye izidakamizwa, ezinjenge-tetracyclines nama-macrolides, zinganciphisa ukusebenza kwawo.
I-Ascorbic acid ikhulisa ukumuncwa kwe-antibiotic, ngokungafani nokusebenzisana kwayo nama-antacids, ama-glycosides kanye nama-laxatives.
Umuthi olwa namagciwane unamandla okunciphisa ukusebenza kwezindlela zokuvimbela inzalo ze-hormonal. Lokhu kusho ukuthi esikhathini sokwelashwa ngamakhambi kufanelekile ukusebenzisa izindlela zokuvimbela inzalo ezingezekile.
Isikhathi sokwelashwa ngama-antibhayabhithi, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa izindlela zokuvimbela inzalo ezingeziwe.
Ama-Analog
Ungasifaka isidakamizwa nge-Amoxiclav noFlemoxin, kanye no-Amosin, Ospamox no-Azithromycin.
Imibandela yekhefu lekhemisi
Lapho uthenga umuthi, kuyadingeka ukuthi unake amanye ama-nuances.
Ngingakwazi ukuthenga ngaphandle kadokotela?
I-antibiotic ayikwazi ukutholakala ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela.
Intengo ye-Amoxicillin
Izindleko zomuthi zingahluka ngohlobo lokukhishwa ekhemisi lapho umkhiqizo uthengelwe khona. Amaphilisi abiza cishe ama-ruble angama-70, intengo yamaphilisi iqala kuma-ruble ayi-100. Ama-granules azobiza kusuka kuma-ruble ayi-100.
Izimo zokugcina izidakamizwa i-Amoxicillin
Gcina endaweni emnyama futhi eyomile kude nezingane emazingeni okushisa angeqi ama-25 ° C.
Impilo yeshelf umuthi
Impilo yeshelf iyiminyaka emi-4.
Ukubuyekezwa kodokotela neziguli mayelana ne-Amoxicillin
U-A.P. Olkhovskaya, udokotela ojwayelekile, u-Irkutsk: "Nginikeza umuthi ngalezi zindlela eziningi zempilo. Izinguquko ezinhle kanye nokwenza ngcono inhlala kahle yeziguli zingabonakala ngesonto."
I-I. L. Revneva, udokotela wezifo zesisu, uKirov: "Uma ngithola i-gastritis, ngikhetha lesi sidakamizwa ngokuhlanganiswa neMetronidazole ekwelapheni iziguli. Amandla amakhulu ayabonakala."
U-Anna, oneminyaka engama-39, uTyumen: "Udokotela unikeze lesi sidakamizwa ukwelashwa kwezilonda esiteji esibi. Saba lula ngemuva kwezinsuku ezintathu selokhu kuqale lo muthi."
U-Igor, oneminyaka engama-49, uTomsk: "Banginikeze leli khambi nge-pneumonia. Ngigculisekile ngomphumela, ngalulama ngokushesha futhi ngakwazi ukubuyela emsebenzini."
