ISIFO SIKASHUKELA SOKUKHULELWA - IZIMBANGELA NEMIPHUMELA.

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Isifo sikashukela i-mellitus sibonisa ukwephulwa komsebenzi kanye nenani eliphelele le-insulin ye-hormone, eqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa kweglucose kuyiwe egazini kuya kumangqamuzana omzimba. Uma umzimba ungawenzi lo msebenzi, kuphakama izinga likashukela wegazi.

Isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa - siyini?

Kukhona uhlobo olunjalo lwe-mellitus yesifo sikashukela okuyisimo sokuthuthukiswa kuphela kwabesifazane abakhulelwe futhi lufika ku-5% wamacala aziwayo.

Leli fomu lakha kwabesifazane abangakaze babe nokukhula kwe-glucose empilweni yabo, endaweni ethile ngemuva kweviki lama-20 lokukhulelwa.

I-placenta ikhiqiza ama-hormone adingekayo kumntwana ongakazalwa. Uma bemisa i-insulin yomama, kuba nesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa. Kukhona ukumelana ne-insulin noma ukunganakwa kwamaseli ku-insulin. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ukwanda koshukela wegazi.

Uma owesifazane enoshukela wanoma yiluphi uhlobo, i-glucose eyeqile iyoqongelela esibelethweni, iguqukele emafutheni. Ezinganeni ezinjalo, i-pancreas ikhiqiza inani elikhulu le-insulin ukusebenzisa ushukela ovela kumama. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa, ushukela wegazi ungancishiswa. Izinsana zisengozini yokuthola ukukhuluphala, izinkinga zokuphefumula, kanye namathuba okukhula kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-2 sikhuphuka ebudaleni.

Ngemuva kokuzalwa, isifo sikashukela sokuthambisa siyanyamalala; ubungozi bokukhula ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwesibili ngu-2/3. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abanye besifazane bangaba nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 noma uhlobo 2.

Izici eziyingozi ezinkulu zokuthola isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa zibandakanya:

iminyaka yowesifazane ingaphezu kweminyaka engama-40, ephinda ubungozi bokugula
ukuba khona kwesifo sikashukela ezihlotsheni eziseduze;
okungelona elomjaho omhlophe;
amakhilogremu angeziwe (inkomba ephezulu yomzimba ngaphambi kokukhulelwa);
ukuzalwa kwengane enesisindo esingaphezu kwama-4-5 kg noma ukuzalwa ngaphandle kwesizathu;
ukubhema

Wonke umuntu wesifazane okhulelwe udinga ukuhlolwa isifo sikashukela kusukela ngeviki lama-24 kuye kwelama-28 ekhulelwe.

Uma kunezici ezibucayi, udokotela uzokwengeza okunye ukuhlolwa okuqinisekisayo. Iningi labesifazane abakhulelwe abayidingi i-insulin yokwelapha isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa.

Izimbangela nezimpawu

Izizathu ezibalulekile zokuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa zibandakanya:

ifa;
izifo ze-autoimmune lapho amaseli we-pancreatic ebhujiswa khona amasosha omzimba;
ukutheleleka ngegciwane elilimaza ama-pancreas futhi kubangele inqubo ye-autoimmune;
indlela yokuphila
ukudla.

Uphawu oluphambili lwesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa ushukela wegazi okhuphukile.

Izimpawu zesifo sikashukela sokuthambisa yilezi:

ukwanda okubukhali kwesisindo;
ukukhuphula umthamo womchamo;
umuzwa ongapheli wokoma;
ukwehla komsebenzi;
ukulahleka kwesifiso.

Ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa

I-GTT isivivinyo sokubekezelela ushukela, kungcono ukuyenza kuze kube ngamaviki angama-20.

Uma owesifazane okhulelwe enesici okungenani esisodwa sezingozi zesifo sikashukela gestational, noma uma kukhona izinsolo, kuyodingeka ahlolwe i-GTT. Ngokusekelwe kwimiphumela yokuhlaziya, kufikelwa iziphetho mayelana nokuba khona / ukungabi bikho kwesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa kumama esizayo.

Izigaba eziphambili zokuhlola:

Ekuseni, isampula legazi lokuqala lithathwa emthanjeni. Phambilini, umuntu wesifazane kufanele azila ukudla okungenani amahora angama-8.
Ngemuva kwalokho umfazi okhulelwe uphuza isixazululo imizuzu embalwa. Ingxube ye-glucose eyomile (50g) namanzi (250ml).
Amahora ambalwa ngemuva kokusebenzisa ikhambi, bathatha enye isampula yegazi ukunquma izinga loshukela.

Okokuqala, udokotela unikeza isiguli ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukubona izinga lokuqala futhi iqinisekise ukutholakala kwesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa. Ngemuva kwalokho uyobe elawula ukuthi ushukela ungaphansi kwemingcele evamile noma ungaphandle kwemingcele yawo.

Udokotela ubeka lezi zindlela zokwelashwa ezilandelayo:

ukudla okufanele nokuvivinya umzimba;
ukusetshenziswa kwensiza ekhethekile yokulinganisa ushukela;
imithi yesifo sikashukela futhi, uma kunesidingo, imijovo ye-insulin.

Izinkinga kanye nokuvimbela okungenzeka

Isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa sinezinkinga ezilandelayo:

i-hypoglycemia;
umfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo senhliziyo;
ukulimala kwezinso likashukela;
ubumpumputhe, ukubuka kwamakhala kanye nokunye ukuphazamiseka okubukwayo;

ukuphulukiswa kancane kwenxeba;
gangren
ukutheleleka njalo kwezicubu ezithambile, isikhumba, kanye nowesifazane;
ubukhulu bokuphela ngenxa ye-neuropathy.

Ngokusola okuncane kwesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa, ukubonisana nodokotela kuyadingeka. Ukugwema ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo, izincomo ezilandelayo kufanele zilandelwe:

landela ukudla okuphansi ushukela namafutha;
udle ukudla okune-fiber enkulu;
ulahlekelwe amakhilogremu angeziwe;
yidla njalo futhi ngokwehlukana, ubheka izikhathi ezilinganayo zokudla phakathi kokudla;
zonke izinsuku kufanele zivivinye umzimba, zilondoloze isisindo esifanele;
hlola njalo umzimba womzimba wakhe, ikakhulukazi izinyawo, ukuze ungaphuthelwa ukubonakala kwamanxeba nokutheleleka;
ungahambi ngezicathulo;
geza izinyawo nsuku zonke ngensipho yengane, usule ngobumnene ngemuva kokugeza bese usebenzisa i-talcum powder ezinyaweni;
ukushefa kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela, ukusika ngokucophelela i-toenails;
inhlanzeko ngokucophelela;
gcina isimo esejwayelekile samazinyo nomgodi womlomo.

Akunconyiwe:

Gxilisa noma uthele amanzi ashisayo ezinyaweni zakho.
Musa ukusebenzisa isichibi ekwelapheni amabele neminye imikhiqizo yokwelapha ukulimala emilenzeni ethengiswa ekhemisi.
Ushukela ocwengekile, amaswidi, uju kanye nezinye izakhamzimba, amafutha nosawoti nakho akunconywa.

Imiphumela yesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa ekukhuleni kwengane

Izinga likashukela legazi likamama olindelwe lithinta kabi ingane yakhe engakazalwa.

Unezinkinga ezinjengokuthi i-fetopathy yesifo sikashukela. Imvamisa kubantu besifazane abanesifo sikashukela, kuzalwa izingane ezinkulu zomzimba wazo zivame ukwakhiwa futhi zingakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yazo. Lokhu kuholela ezinkingeni ezinjalo:

ukuphefumula
kwenhliziyo;
kwemizwa.

Ku-1/5 kuwo wonke amacala, umuntu angahlangana futhi nokunye ukuphambuka - isisindo somzimba esiphansi.

Ezinganeni ezinjalo, kunezinga elinganele egazini, elidinga ukumfakwa kwe-glucose noma ezinye izixazululo ezikhethekile ngokushesha nje ngemuva kokuzalwa. Ezinsukwini zokuqala, izingane zakha i-jaundice, isisindo somzimba wazo ziyancipha kanye nokululama kwayo kancane. Ukuphefumula esikhunjeni sawo wonke umzimba womzimba, i-cyanosis nokuvuvukala nakho kungaphawulwa.

Ukubonakaliswa okunamandla kakhulu kwe-fetopathy yesifo sikashukela ezinsaneni kungukufa okuphezulu.

Uma owesifazane okhulelwe engakutholanga ukwelashwa okufanele ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, khona-ke ukufa kwabantu kuyabonakala ku-75% wawo wonke amacala. Ngokuqapha okukhethekile, leli nani lehlile laya ku-15%.

Ukuvimbela imiphumela yesifo sikashukela enganeni engakazalwa, ukuqapha ngokucophelela amazinga kashukela egazini kuyadingeka. Kufanele ulandele zonke izincomo zikadokotela, welapha lesi sifo futhi udle ngendlela efanele.

Ungakhetha bese wenza isikhathi sokubonana nodokotela manje:

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