Yiliphi izinga likashukela wegazi elijwayelekile emadodeni?

Indima kashukela emzimbeni womuntu

Uma uqhathanisa umzimba nemoto, ushukela uphethiloli.

Sidla iqoqo lama-carbohydrate ahlukene, ahlukaniswe ngamaqembu amathathu:

• monosaccharidesokungaphansi kwayo ushukela - umthombo oyinhloko wamandla wezinqubo ze-intracellular;
• ama-disaccharides - ushukela omhlophe, esivame ukusifaka ekudleni;
• ama-polysaccharides - Ama-carbohydrate ayinkimbinkimbi, enziwe ngama-monosaccharides, kepha hhayi lawo ma-ukunambitheka (isitashi, ufulawa).

Kepha emgudwini wethu wokugaya ukudla, wonke ama-carbohydrate aqhekezwa kushukela olulula - "ama-monosaccharides", adonswa odongeni lwamathumbu egazini futhi esibindini aguqulwa abe ushukela, osatshalaliswa egazini ngalinye.

Isibindi sisebenzisa ushukela ngokweqile ku-glycogen ("isilwane" polysaccharide). I-2/3 yezitolo ze-glycogen isezicubu zesibindi, i-1/3 ifakwe ezicutshini zemisipha. Ngemuva kwalokho lezi zibekelelo zichithwa ekuphumeni phakathi kokudla lapho ushukela usuphelile. Ukuhlanganiswa okuqhubekayo nokuqhekeka kwe-glycogen kugcina ukulingana kwe-glucose egazini.

I-insulin, i-hormone yamaprotheni ekhiqizwa ama-pancreas, ivumela ushukela ukungena kumaseli wezicubu. Ama-molecule ama-hormone asebenza emshinini wokuhambisa ushukela ngama-protein "ezokuthutha" izakhiwo, atholakala phezu kolwelwesi lwamaseli omzimba namafutha. Ukugqugquzeleka kokugeleza kweglucose kumaseli kuvumela okuqukethwe kwayo egazini kunciphe. Ukuqalwa kokukhiqizwa kwama-hormone emzimbeni onempilo kuncike ngqo enanini likashukela egazini.

Amazinga kashukela egazini emadodeni

Umphumela othembekile enanini loshukela ungatholakala ngokudlula igazi elivela emunweni noma emthanjeni ukuze lihlaziywe. Izimfuneko ezimbili:

• • udinga ukuhlaziya ekuseni, ngemuva kokuphumula isikhathi eside;
  • Ungadli amahora angama-8-10 ngaphambi kwenqubo.

Kukulesi simo ukuthi inani le-glucose lilinganiselwe. Kulesi simo, ukuhlaziywa kwegazi le-venous kungakhombisa umphumela ophakeme, kepha ngeke kwehluke kakhulu kokujwayelekile (4.0-6.1 mmol / l). Kuhunyushelwe kwi-metric amandla adonsela phansi: 1 mmol / l = 0.0555 * mg / 100 ml.

Ngemuva kosuku olude lomsebenzi nokudla ngezikhathi ezithile, amazinga kashukela akhuphuka kakhulu. Ama-pancreas aqala ukukhiqiza i-insulin ethe xaxa, okwandisa ukungena koshukela emangqamuzni izikhathi ezingama-20-50, kusebenze ukwakheka kwamaprotheni, ukukhula kwemisipha nokuqina kwemetabolism. Futhi i-glucose yegazi "iwela ngaphansi kokujwayelekile", ikakhulukazi ngemuva kokusebenza ngokomzimba okusebenzayo. Kuyabonakala ukuthi umzimba okhathele uvikelekile kakhulu isikhathi esithile emiphumeleni ye-pathogenic, izifo kanye nokudakwa.

Izinhlobo zokukhubazeka kwe-glucose emzimbeni

I-Hypoglycemia	I-Hyperglycemia
Izimbangela ze-hypoglycemia zingaba yizifo zepancreas, eziqala ukukhiqiza inani elikhulu le-insulin. Izifo zesibindi, izinso, i-hypothalamus nazo zithinta ukwehla kwenani le-glucose egazini.	Lesi simo sidalwa ukushoda kwe-insulin, eyeka ukukhiqizwa ngamanyikwe, noma ukwephulwa kokusebenzisana kwe-hormone namaseli adla ushukela. Ukunyuka kwamazinga kashukela kukhombisa ukuthi amaseli asemzimbeni aqala ukubulawa yindlala. Ngemuva kokucubungula ukongiwa kwe-glycogen, okuthi emzimbeni kwanele amahora angama-12-18, amaseli anciphisa izinqubo zangaphakathi, i-acidosis nokudakwa kuyabonakala.
IGlucose ngaphansi kwe-3.0 mmol / L	Izinga le-glucose lingaphezulu kuka-7.0 mmol / L.
Izimpawu zokushoda kwe-glucose (hypoglycemia): ubuthakathaka, ukukhathala; ukuzindla kwenhliziyo; ukusebenzisana okungahambi kahle, ukuzamazama kwemilenze; ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo; ukulahlekelwa ukwazi.	Izimpawu zamazinga kashukela ashukela: ukoma okungapheli; ukuchama njalo (amanani amakhulu kashukela emchameni); isikhumba esomile nolwelwesi lwe-mucous; isicanucanu nokuhlanza ukubuyiselwa emuva; izinqubo zokuvuvukala; ukungaboni kahle (okuholela ebumpumputhe); izilonda zohlelo lwezinzwa oluyingozi (ukuthuthumela, ukuzindla, ukusha); ukulahlekelwa ukwazi.

Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu ze-hyperglycemia, kuvela ukoma, okuholela ekufeni. Lezi zimpawu ziyimpawu yesifo sikashukela. Kungakhathalekile ukuthi hlobo luni lwesifo, isimo sesiguli sinezimpawu ezifanayo.

Yini okufanele yenziwe nge-glucose ekhulayo?

Ukuzivikela ekuhlukunyezweni kwe-glucose, udinga ukuvivinya ushukela njalo, esimeni sokuphambuka okuqinile nokuphikelelayo, qala ukwelashwa. Izincomo zokunciphisa amazinga kashukela ziqala ngokujwayelekile:

• ukunciphisa ukudliwa kokudla okuqukethe ama-carbohydrate amaningi;
• Ungadli "ebusuku";
• ukukhulisa ukusebenza komzimba (lokhu kuvuselela ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin);
• hlola izinga lokukhuthazela kwe-glucose;
• yenza ukuhlolwa okubanzi futhi uthole uhlobo lwesifo.