Isifo sikashukela i-mellitus yisifo esiyingozi esivame kakhulu kubantu esiphila nabo, kepha hhayi okubulalayo, uma ungahlangana kahle nalesi sifo. Yini ingozi yesifo sikashukela engxenyeni yesifazane yabantu? Kungani ukuxilongwa okunjalo kwesinye isikhathi kugcwaliseka?
Okokuqala, isifo sikashukela siyingozi ngoba sibhubhisa i-metabolism efanelekile emzimbeni kanye nezinga le-glucose, futhi sithinta nama-capillaries enhliziyo, okuthi, ngemuva kwalokho, ayeke "ukunikeza" ukuhamba kwegazi ngokufanele.
Izimbangela Zesifo Sikashukela
Lesi sifo sivela ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-insulin - i-hormone etholakala ohlelweni lwe-endocrine kumanyikwe. Kuyasiza ngokusebenza komzimba, ukugcwalisa ngamaprotheni namafutha.
I-insulin inyusa izinga likashukela emangqamuzaneni omzimba womuntu, ikhuphula ukunikezwa ushukela esibindini ngokwenziwa kwama-carbohydrate abizwa ngokuthi yi-glycogen, kwehlise ukubola kwamakhabhohayidrethi. Ithinta amaphrotheni ngesikhathi semetabolism, lokhu kungenxa yokwanda kwe-nucleic acid kanye nokwehla kokuwohloka kwamaprotheni. I-insulin inyusa izinga likashukela kwezicubu ze-adipose futhi isebenze inqubo yokukhiqizwa kwamandla ngamangqamuzana futhi ivimbele ukuwohloka kwamafutha.
Kepha ukuntuleka kwe-insulin emzimbeni kwakhiwa lapho kunokushoda kwenqubo ye-autoimmune yamanyikwe, okuholela ekuqhekekeni kwamaseli ohlelweni lwe-endocrine. Ngakho-ke isigaba sokuqala sesifo sikashukela siyavela, futhi uma kuphela ama-20% amaseli asebenza, khona-ke kuqala izimpawu zokuqala. (Funda kabanzi ngezimbangela zesifo sikashukela lapha.)
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Izimpawu nokukhonjiswa kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1
Kukhona ukuba khona okuyinkimbinkimbi kwezimpawu zesifo sikashukela i-mellitus sici sohlobo 1: ziveza i-hyperglycemia (ukwanda okwenzeka emzimbeni weglucose) kanye ne-glycosuria (ukuba khona koshukela emchameni), ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-insulin emzimbeni.
- ukuchama njalo;
- umuzwa wokoma;
- umuzwa womlomo owomile;
- naphezu kokukhula kwesifiso sokudla, isisindo somzimba sehla;
- ukutheleleka ngefungus kungavela esikhunjeni nasezimvabeni zomzimba, kubangele ukulunywa.
Lolu hlobo lwesifo lubizwa nangokuthi yi-insulin-wate noma ulutsha. Imvamisa, abesifazane abasebasha abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-30 bahlushwa yiyo. Futhi isizathu kungukubhujiswa kwamangqamuzana e-pancreatic beta nokuntuleka kwe-insulin. Kwenzeka kaningi ukuthi uhlobo 1 sikashukela luzuzwe njengefa. Awukwazi ukumelapha, kepha ungaphila naye ngokuthatha imijovo ye-insulin impilo yonke. Ngokulashwa okufanele nokuqapha amazinga kashukela, abesifazane abanesifo sikashukela bavunyelwe ukuba babe nezingane.
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Izimpawu zesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2
Lolu hlobo luhlanganisa inkambo yalesi sifo, esivele singaziwa iminyaka eminingi futhi sivame ukubonwa kwabesifazane asebekhulile. Kuboniswa ku:
- ukukhathala okungapheli;
- umbono onciphile;
- ukukhubazeka kwenkumbulo;
- ukubonakaliswa komile;
- ukuchama njalo.
Ngohlobo 2 lwesifo sikashukela, i-thrush ibonakala kwabesifazane, cishe engalapheki. Abanye abantu kulesi sigaba namanje banezimpawu ezimbalwa ezibonakalayo, ngakho-ke kukhona ubungozi bokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma unhlangothi. 
Ukuxilongwa kwesifo sikashukela kulesi sigaba kuvame ukwenzeka ngengozi. Ngaphezu kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili, kunesifo sikashukela esibalelwa ku-3,4,5, kanye nesifo sikashukela esibizwa ngokuthi yi-gestationalabetes, kepha lolu hlaka aluvamile.
Uma ubona ukukhathala noma ezinye izimpawu ezifanayo, hlola ushukela wegazi lakho, futhi uma liphakeme, unganqikazi ukuliphatha. Ukwenqaba ukwelashwa ngasikhathi sinye kuzoholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu, njengokuhluleka kwezinso, ukulahleka kwezitho zomzimba ngenxa yesilonda nobumpumputhe.
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Ukubonakaliswa kwesifo sikashukela kwabesifazane abakhulelwe
Kwezinye izimo, izimpawu zingabonakala njengokomela okungapheli, indlala, umbono omncane. Njengoba abesifazane abakhulelwe kwesinye isikhathi bezwa imizwa yokulamba enkulu nokoma, lokhu ngeke kube wuphawu lwalesi sifo. Ukulethwa njalo kwegazi nokuhlolwa, kanye nezeluleko zezokwelapha, kuzosiza ukuvikela lesi sifo ukuthi singabi sibi.
Ngalesi sisekelo, ubungozi bokuphuphuma kwesisu noma izinkinga ngesikhathi sokuzalwa kwengane kukhuphuka, imvamisa kushiwo isigaba esiphuthumayo sombusi. Ingane enowesifazane onesifo sikashukela imvamisa izalwa inesisindo esiningi, futhi lokhu kuyingozi enkulu yokuthola ukuhlukumezeka kokuzalwa okuhambisana ne-vertebrae yomlomo wesibeletho.Ngesifo sikashukela, ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo enganeni nakho kungenzeka, ngenxa yalokhu, ezinye izingane kungenzeka zingasindi. Lokhu kungagwenywa uma ukhomba futhi uqale ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo ngesikhathi, futhi futhi ungakhohlwa ngokuqapha ngokucophelela amazinga eglucose egazini kuzo zonke izigaba zokukhulelwa - i-glucometer, ehlala isezandleni, izosiza ukubhekana nalokhu: ithuluzi lokukala amazinga kashukela.
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Imiphumela yesifo sikashukela
Isifo sikashukela singaba umphumela isifo sikashukela sikashukela - Lokhu kucishe kube ubumpumputhe ngokuphelele ngenxa yokumpompela kwemithambo yamehlo. Le nto ivame ukusakazeka kubantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Kungakapheli iminyaka eyi-8 kuqalile lesi sifo, lesi simo sibhekwa kuma-50% eziguli. I-Nephropathy iyakhula futhi ukwehluleka kwezinso kwenzeka: noma ngabe ukufakelwa noma ukudayela kuyadingeka lapha.
Ngokuphulwa komsoco wemikhumbi yenhliziyo, ukuthamba kwawo kwenzeka futhi i-atherosclerosis iyenzeka. Imvamisa, ukulimala kwemilenze kwenzeka, ukushisa komzimba kuyaphazamiseka, nokuhamba kwegazi kwehle. Kuhlangana izinhlungu, izitho ziqale ukuqina, ukushukuma kukhubazekile. Esikhathini sikashukela, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kungenzeka ngenxa yesilungu esibonakalayo ebuchosheni esibizwa ngokuthi yi-encephalopathy. Lokhu kuvezwe ekushintsheni kwemizwa kanye nokuvela kwemizwelo.
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