Thayipha isifo sikashukela esingu-1: izindlela zokwelapha

Uhlobo 1 sikashukela i-mellitus (T1DM) isifo esingalapheki, ukungasebenzi kahle kweglucose metabolism. Izimpawu zayo eziphambili ukuntuleka kwe-insulin nokugcwala kwe-glucose egazini. I-insulin yi-hormone edingekayo ukuze izicubu zikhiqize ushukela. Kukhiqizwa amaseli we-beta wamanyikwe. Isifo sikashukela sohlobo lokuqala siyakhula ngoba amasosha omzimba ahlasela ngephutha futhi abhubhise amaseli we-beta. Ushukela wegazi ukhuphuka ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-insulin. Lokhu kudala izimpawu zokuma kwezimpawu - ukoma, ukunciphisa umzimba ngokweqile, ubuthakathaka, isiguli singaze siwele enkingeni. Kodwa-ke, ingozi yangempela ye-T1DM akuzona izimpawu ezimbi, kepha izinkinga ezingapheli. Isifo sikashukela silimaza izinso, amehlo, izitsha zemilenze nohlelo lwenhliziyo. Lesi sifo sivame ukuqala ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-35. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kuvela, kube lula ukuya khona. Ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 ukudla, imijovo ye-insulin, nomsebenzi womzimba. Ngezansi uzofunda ukuthi ungawugcina kanjani ushukela wegazi ojwayelekile ukuze uphile ngaphandle kwezinkinga kuze kube yilapho usumdala.

Lo mbhalo unemininingwane yezimbangela, izimpawu nokwelashwa kohlobo lweshukela sikashukela. Funda ukuthi ungazivikela kanjani kwizinkinga ezinzima nezingamahlalakhona. Abazali bazodinga imininingwane mayelana nohlobo 1 sikashukela ezinganeni. Abesifazane abahlaselwa yilesi sifo banesifiso sendlela yokuhlela ukukhulelwa, babekezelele futhi babe nengane ephilile. Konke okudingeka ukwazi mayelana nokukhulelwa onesifo sikashukela esincike ku-insulin, funda ngezansi.

Inothi oyibukayo njengamanje ingukuqhubeka kwesihloko esithi “Uhlobo 1 noma isifo sikashukela 2: Uzoqala Kanjani.” Ekhasini lamanje, kuchazwa ama-nuances ekwelapha ngempumelelo isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1. Funda ukulawula lesi sifo esinzima kubantu abadala nasezinganeni. Ibizwa nangokuthi isifo sikashukela i-autoimmune. Sicela ufunde i-athikili eyisisekelo kuqala, isixhumanisi esinikezwe ngaphezulu, ngaphandle kwalokho okuthile kungenzeka kungacaci.

Uhlobo 1 sikashukela luyi-5-10% kuphela yazo zonke izimo ze-glucose metabolism. Ama-90-95% asele eziguli atholakala enesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, okulula kakhulu ukusilawula. Ngohlobo 1 sikashukela, kufanele kufakwe imijovo ye-insulin, ngaphandle kwalokho isiguli sizokufa. Kuwebhusayithi yeDiabetes-Med.Com, funda ukujova i-insulin ngaphandle kobuhlungu. Izinyathelo zokulawula isifo sikashukela zidinga ukwenziwa ngokucophelela, zidinga isiyalo. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kokuthola isipiliyoni, abathathi imizuzu engaphezu kwe-10-15 ngosuku. Futhi sonke isikhathi ongasiphila impilo ejwayelekile.

Izimpawu

Isifo sikashukela sohlobo loku-1 sivame ukubangela izimpawu ezimbi kakhulu:

• ukoma okukhulu;
• umlomo owomile
• ukuchama kaningi, kubandakanya ebusuku;
• ingane ingajuluka lapho ilele;
• indlala engagculisi futhi ngasikhathi sinye enganciphisi isisindo;
• ukungaphatheki kahle, ukushukuma, ukuguquguquka kwemizwelo;
• ukukhathala, ubuthakathaka;
• umbono omfushane;
• kwabesifazane, izifo ezithinta i-fungal vaginal (i-thrush), okunzima ukuzelapha.

Ngeshwa, ezimweni eziningi, iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo lokuqala nabathandekayo bazo abazinaki lezi zimpawu kuze kube yilapho iketoacidosis iba khona. Lokhu kuyinkinga enkulu edinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okuphuthumayo.

Izimpawu ze-ketoacidosis yesifo sikashukela:

• isikhumba esomile, ukoma okusobala;
• ukuphefumula okujulile njalo;
• iphunga le-acetone elisuka emlonyeni;
• ubuqili noma ukulahlekelwa ukwazi;
• isicanucanu nokuhlanza.

Izizathu

Izimbangela zesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 aziikaziwa kahle kuze kube manje. Ucwaningo luyaqhubeka ukuthola nokuthuthukisa izindlela zokuvimbela. Kepha kuze kube manje, ososayensi abakwazi ukuqhosha ngemiphumela emihle. Izindlela eziphumelelayo zokuvikela isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 azikatholakali. Ukuthayipha isifo sikashukela esiyi-1 kutholakala njengefa, kepha ingozi enganeni ayisiyinkulu.

Ososayensi baveza kancane kancane inhlanganisela yezakhi zofuzo ezandisa ubungozi balesi sifo. Izakhi zofuzo ezingaphumeleli zivame kakhulu kubantu abamhlophe abahlala eYurophu naseNyakatho Melika. Kutholakala nezakhi zofuzo ezivikela ngokusobala emgomeni onesifo sikashukela.

Isifo sikashukela sohlobo loku-1 sivame ukuba khona ngemuva kokuba umuntu etheleleke ngegciwane. Igciwane le-Rubella livame ukusebenza njenge- "trigger" yokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba kumaseli we-pancreatic beta. Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke umuntu oye waba ne-rubella ngaleso sikhathi onesifo sikashukela se-autoimmune. Ngokusobala, izici zofuzo zidlala indima enkulu lapha.

Amawele afanayo anezakhi zofuzo ezifanayo. Uma omunye wabo eba nesifo sikashukela sohlobo loku-1, kuthi okwesibili ingozi ibe ngu-30-50%, kepha kude ne-100%. Lokhu kusho ukuthi okuningi kuncike emvelweni. Isibonelo, eFinland ukwanda kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 kuphezulu kakhulu. Kepha izizathu zalokhu azikakaziswa.

Ukuxilonga

Ukuxilonga isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, udinga ukukala ushukela ngenye yalezi zindlela ezilandelayo:

• isivinini sokuhlola ushukela wegazi;
• ukuhlolwa kokubekezelela i-glucose yamahora amabili;
• Ukuhlaziywa kwe-hemoglobin ye-glycated

Imiphumela ekhombisa ukuthi umuntu unesifo sikashukela:

• Ukusheshisa ushukela we-plasma ka-7.0 mmol / L noma ngaphezulu.
• Lapho wenza isivivinyo sokubekezelela i-glucose esithatha amahora amabili, umphumela waba ngu-11.1 mmol / L nangaphezulu.
• Ushukela okungahleliwe waphenduka waba ngu-11.1 mmol / L noma ngaphezulu, kanti kunezimpawu zesifo sikashukela.
• I-Glycated hemoglobin HbA1C - i-6.5% noma ngaphezulu.

Kwanele ukufeza enye yale mibandela ebhalwe ngaphezulu ukuze ukwazi ukuthola isifo ngokuqiniseka - isifo sikashukela. Ukuhlola ushukela wegazi okusheshayo kuthinta kancane kunabanye. Ukuhlola ukubekezelela i-glucose okwamahora amabili kuyimpesheni ngoba kuthatha isikhathi esiningi futhi udinga ukunikela ngegazi kaningana. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-hemoglobin ye-glycated kuyinto elula futhi ithembekile. Kwenzelwa ukuxilongwa, kanye nokubheka ukusebenza kahle kokwelashwa. Uma unemitha ye-glucose yasekhaya - mane ulinganise ushukela ngayo, ngaphandle kokuya endaweni yokuhlinzwa. Uma umphumela ungaphezulu kuka-11.0 mmol / l - lokhu nakanjani isifo sikashukela.

Ukuxilongwa kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo lokuqala kuvame ukungabangeli ubunzima, ngoba izimpawu zalesi sifo ziyacaca, zisobala. Kala ushukela wegazi - konke kuzocaca. Noma kunjalo, cishe ama-25% eziguli okokuqala afunda ngenkinga yazo kuphela lapho efika esibhedlela ene-ketoacidosis.

Ngenxa yokushoda kwe-insulin, amangqamuzana awakwazi ukwengeza i-glucose futhi ashintshele emafutheni. Kulesi simo, kwakheka imikhiqizo eminingi eyenziwe - imizimba ye-ketone. Babanga iphunga le-acenton elivela emlonyeni kanye ne-acidosis - ukwephula ukulinganisela kwe-acid-base emzimbeni. Isifo sikashukela sikashukela siyinkinga enkulu, esisongela impilo futhi esidinga ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo. Izimpawu zakhe zibhalwe ngaphezulu. Kungcono ukwenza ukuxilongwa ngesikhathi bese uqala ukwelashwa ngesifo sikashukela, ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-ketoacidosis.

Thayipha 1 futhi uthayiphe isifo sikashukela - sihluke kanjani

Ngohlobo 1 sikashukela, kusho ukuntuleka kwe-insulin emzimbeni. Isizathu ukuthi amasosha omzimba ahlasela futhi abhubhise amaseli we-pancreatic beta akhiqiza i-insulin. Ezimweni eziningi, isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 senzeka ezinganeni noma kubantu abasha abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-35. Yize kusekhona ushukela we-autoimmune okwimo emnene kubantu asebekhulile nabadala. Ibizwa ngokuthi yi-LADA sikashukela. Odokotela bavame ukusidida ngesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 futhi basiphatha ngokungalungile.

Uhlobo 2 sikashukela akusona isifo se-autoimmune. Ngokuvamile kukhula kubantu abangaphezulu kwama-40 abakhuluphele, kanye nasebegugile. Kumaphephabhuku wezokwelapha, kuye kwachazwa izigameko zoshukela 2 zentsha eyeveve eyeveve eyeveve eyeveve eyedlule, kepha lokhu kuyivelakancane. Imbangela yalesi sifo yindlela yokuphila engenampilo, umsoco we-carbohydrate ohlanzekile nokuntuleka kokuzivocavoca. IGenetics nayo idlala indima, kepha ungazivikela kwisifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 nge-100% uma udla ukudla okunempilo nokuzivocavoca. Futhi ohlolweni lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, izindlela zokuvimbela azikho.

Ngokwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, akukho ukuntuleka kwe-insulin emzimbeni. Lesi sifo sibizwa ngokuthi isifo sikashukela esizimele. Ukuntuleka kwe-insulin kwenzeka kuphela uma i-T2DM iphathwa ngokungafanele iminyaka eminingi, futhi iba yisifo sikashukela sohlobo 1. Imvamisa, ngesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, i-insulin egazini ingaphezu kokulingene, kodwa amangqamuzana awasabeli kahle emiphumeleni yawo. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-insulin ukumelana.

Ukwelashwa

Ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 imijovo ye-insulin, ukudla okufanele, nokuvivinya umzimba njalo. Ezigulini ezikhuluphele ngokweqile kanye nemithamo ephezulu yansuku zonke ye-insulin, amaphilisi nawo angasiza. Lawa ngamalungiselelo weSiofor noma weGlucofage, into esebenzayo yayo yi-metformin. Kepha ngaphezulu, imithi idlala indima encane ekulawuleni isifo sikashukela sohlobo loku-1 ngokuqhathaniswa nokudla, i-insulin nokuzivocavoca.

Iziguli zisebenza ngentshiseko nezindlela ezintsha zokwelashwa - ukudluliselwa kwamangqamuzana e-beta, ama-pancreas wokufakelwa, ukwelashwa kofuzo, amaseli we-stem. Ngoba lezi zindlela ngelinye ilanga zikuvumela ukuthi ulahle imijovo yansuku zonke ye-insulin. Ucwaningo luyaqhubeka, kepha umehluko ekwelashweni kwe-T1DM awukenzeki. Ithuluzi eliyinhloko namanje i-insulin enhle yakudala.

Ukulawula kahle isifo sikashukela 1, udinga ukufunda imininingwane eminingi ehlukahlukene. Okokuqala, thola ukuthi yikuphi ukudla okuqhakambisa ushukela wakho futhi yikuphi okungawenzi. Qondisisa ukuthi ungasibala kanjani isilinganiso esifanele se-insulin. Qala idayari yokuzihlola ushukela ngokushesha. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-3-4, imininingwane eyanele izoqongelela kule dayari ukuze uyihlaziye. Landela izindaba, ubhalise kwi-e-mail newsletter site Diabetes-Med.Com.

Izinhloso zokwelapha isifo sikashukela sohlobo lokuqala yilezi:

• Gcina ushukela wegazi usondele kokujwayelekile ngangokunokwenzeka.
• Gada umfutho wegazi nezinye izinto ezibeka engcupheni yenhliziyo. Ikakhulu, ukuze kube nemiphumela evamile yokuhlola igazi ye-cholesterol “embi” nethi “enhle”, iprotheni esebenza ngokusebenza kwe-C, i-Homocysteine, i-fibrinogen.
• Uma izinkinga zesifo sikashukela zenzeka, zitholele ngokushesha okukhulu. Ngoba ukwelashwa okunamandla, okuqale ngesikhathi, kunganciphisa noma kungavimbela ukuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwezinkinga.

Ukusondela kweshukela likashukela kujwayelekile, kwehlisa ubungozi bezinkinga ohlelweni lwezinhliziyo, izinso, ukubona kwamehlo nemilenze. Manje kubonakala kusobala, kepha kuze kube muva nje, umphakathi wezokwelapha awuzange ucabange kanjalo. Odokotela abasibonanga isidingo sokwehlisa amazinga kashukela ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1. Maphakathi nawo-1980s kuphela lapho babeqiniseka ngemiphumela yocwaningo olwenziwe ngobukhulu lweDCDC - Diabetes Control and Complication Tiral. Uma ulawula ushukela wegazi, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-nephropathy yesifo sikashukela kuvinjelwe ngaphezulu kwama-65%, futhi ingozi yokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo incishiswa ngama-35%.

Iziguli ezabamba iqhaza ocwaningweni lweDCCT zilandele indlela yokudla ejwayelekile. Lokhu kudla kugcwele ama-carbohydrate, ayingozi kushukela. Uma uqhubeka nokudla okunama-carbohydrate aphansi akhuthazwe yiwebhusayithi yeDiabetes-Med.Com, ushukela wakho uzosondela kakhulu kokujwayelekile. Ngenxa yalokhu, ingozi yezinkinga ze-vascular yehliswa icishe ibe yi-zero. Ngohlobo 1 sikashukela, ungaphila kuze kube yilapho usugugile kakhulu, ngenkathi ulondoloze impilo enhle, kumona wontanga. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele uqondise ukuhambisana nombuso.

Funda ukwelashwa okusebenzayo kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1. Gcina ushukela ngemuva kokudla futhi ekuseni ngesisu esingenalutho ngaso sonke isikhathi kungabi ngaphezu kuka-5.5-6.0 mmol / l - lokhu kuyiqiniso! Imithamo ye-insulin incishiswa izikhathi ezi-2-7.

Faka i-insulin uma ushukela ekuseni esiswini esingenalutho noma amahora angama-1-2 ngemuva kokudla kudlula i-6.0 mmol / L. Musa ukwehlisa umoya uma ushukela wehlela ku-6-7 mmol / L. Qinisekisa ukuthi ayiphakeme kune-5.5 mmol / L ekuseni ngesisu esingenalutho nangemva kokudla ngakunye. Lesi yisimo sabantu abaphilile, esinciphisa sifinyelela engcupheni yokuthola ubunzima besifo sikashukela.

I-honeymoon - Isikhathi sokuqala

Lapho isifo sikashukela sohlobo loku-1 siqala ukwelashwa ngemijovo ye-insulin, ezigulini eziningi isimo sibuyela emuva ngokujwayelekile. Ngalesi sikhathi, ngaphansi kwama-20% amangqamuzana e-beta akhiqiza insulin ahlala ephila. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kwemijovo yokuqala ye-insulin, ngasizathu simbe baqala ukusebenza kangcono. Mhlawumbe ngoba ukuhlaselwa kwe-autoimmune kuma-pancreas kuya buthaka. Ushukela ugcina uvamile ngokujwayelekile. Futhi uma uqhubeka nokujova i-insulin, khona-ke i-hypoglycemia iyakhula - ushukela wegazi uphansi kakhulu.

Ngesikhathi sendawo yezithandani, ukujova i-insulin akuyona into engadingekile, kodwa futhi eyingozi, ngoba yehlisa ushukela omningi. Iziguli eziningi ziyaphumula, zicabanga ukuthi ushukela wazo udlulile ngokuyisimangaliso, bese zihamba ngesikhala. Bakwenza ngeze. Uma wenza ngokungalungile, khona-ke i-honeymoon iphela ngokushesha, futhi esikhundleni sayo iqala ukuthayipha isifo sikashukela esi-1 ngenkambo enzima.

Njengoba wazi, i-insulin ikhiqizwa amaseli we-pancreatic beta. Isifo sikashukela sohlobo lokuqala senzeka ngoba amasosha omzimba ahlasela futhi abhubhise amaseli we-beta, awasebenzise kabi abantu ongabazi. Ngesikhathi sokuxilongwa kwe-T1DM, iziguli eziningi zisakhiqiza inani elincane le-insulin yazo. Kuyelulekwa ukugcina leli khono isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka, kahle - empilweni.

Ukunwebisa i-honeymoon yohlobo lwesifo sikashukela soqobo kungokoqobo kubantu abadala nasezinganeni. Ukudla okuphansi kwe-carbohydrate nemijovo emincane yama-insulin kuvikela amaseli we-beta. Kodwa-ke, uma unamathela ekudleni okujwayelekile "okunokulinganisela", okugcwele kakhulu ama-carbohydrate, khona-ke wonke amaseli we-beta asheshe abhujiswe.

Umgomo wokwelapha isifo sikashukela sohlobo loku-1 phakathi nesikhathi sokuqothuka kwezinyoni ukuvikela amangqamuzana e-beta ukuba “angashisi” ngokuphelele. Uma ukwazi ukuwagcina ephila, umkhiqizo wakho we-insulin uzoqhubeka. Lo mgomo ungafinyeleleka uma unamathela ekudleni okune-carbohydrate ephansi futhi uhlola ushukela wegazi nge-glucometer kaningana ngosuku. Uma ushukela ukhuphukela ku-6.0 mmol / L bese uphakeme ngemuva kokudla, juba imithamo emincane, ebalwe kahle i-insulin. Qinisekisa ukuthi ushukela awudluli ku-5.5 mmol / L.

Kungani zama ukugcina amangqamuzana akho e-beta ephila:

• Uzokwazi ukugcina ushukela ojwayelekile ozinzile egazini, uvikele “ukweqa” kwawo kuye phansi naphansi.
• Imithamo ye-insulin izoba ephansi kakhulu, imijovo izoba mancane kakhulu.
• Lapho kuvela izindlela ezintsha zokwelapha ushukela wohlobo lokuqala, ungazisebenzisa ngaphambi komunye umuntu. Isibonelo, ososayensi bazothatha amaseli akho ambalwa we-beta, bawaphindaphindise ku-vitro bese bawajovelela emuva kumanyikwe.

Ukwelashwa okusha kokulinga

Emazweni ahlukahlukene, kwenziwa ucwaningo olusebenzayo ezindleleni ezintsha zokwelapha isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1. Baxhaswe ohulumeni, izinkampani zemithi nezinhlangano zosizo. Noma ngubani ongasindisa abanesifo sikashukela kumijovo yansuku zonke ye-insulin cishe uzothola Umklomelo kaNobel futhi uzoqinisekiswa ukuthi uzoceba. Ososayensi abahle kakhulu basebenza ukufeza le nhloso.

Enye yezinkomba - izazi zezinto eziphilayo zizama ukwenza amaseli we-stem ukuba abe amaseli we-beta akhiqiza i-insulin. Ngo-2014, kwaziswa mayelana nokuhlolwa okuphumelelayo kwamagundane. Amaseli we-stem afakelwe amagundane asempandeni futhi aba amaseli e-beta avuthiwe. Kodwa-ke, ukwelashwa okusebenzayo kohlobo lweshukela sikashukela kubantu ngale ndlela kusekude. Iminyaka eminingi yocwaningo izodingeka ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza nokuphepha.

Umuthi wokugoma nawo uyakhiwa ukuvimbela ukubhujiswa kwamaseli we-beta amasosha omzimba. Umuthi wokugoma kufanele usetshenziswe ezinyangeni eziyi-6 zokuqala ngemuva kokutholakala kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1. Isigaba sesithathu sokuvivinywa kwemitholampilo komgomo onjalo okwamanje siyaqhubeka eYurophu nase-USA. Izifundo ezimbili zokugoma zokuvimbela isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 nazo ziyaqhubeka. Imiphumela yabo ayinakulindeleka maduze.

Ukudla, izindlela zokupheka kanye nemenyu eyenziwe ngomumo

Ukudla isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 kuyithuluzi elikhulu lokulawula lesi sifo kahle. Imijovo ye-insulin isendaweni yesibili. Wonke umuntu uyakuqonda ukuthi udinga ukudla ukudla okunempilo futhi uvikele ukudla okungafanele. Kodwa-ke, yikuphi ukudla okubonwa njengokuphilile futhi okuyingozi kuyinkinga ephikisayo.

Gwema ukudla okwandisa ushukela wegazi ngokushesha futhi ngokumangazayo. Lokhu kungukudla okugcwele kakhulu ama-carbohydrate - hhayi isinkwa kuphela, amazambane, okusanhlamvu namaswidi, kodwa nezithelo. Ukuze ulawule kahle isifo sikashukela esingu-1, udinga ukushintshela ekudleni okune-carbohydrate ephansi. Uma udla "okulinganiselayo", njengoba odokotela bancoma, khona-ke ushukela ugcina uphakeme futhi izinkinga zeshukela zikhula ngokushesha.

Izinkinga zesifo sikashukela ziba khona lapho ushukela ugcinwa unyuswa amahora amaningi ngemuva kokudla. Azikhuli uma ushukela ngemuva kokudla ukhuphuka kancane, ungasaphili ngaphezu kuka-5.5 mmol / L, njengabantu abanempilo. Ngakho-ke, ukudla okune-carbohydrate kunokulimala okuningi kunokuhle. Ukwenza ukukhetha phakathi kokudla okulinganiselayo nokudla okuphansi kwe-carbohydrate yisinqumo esikhulu okudingeka usenze.

Ungathola izindlela zokupheka nemenyu eyenziwe ngomumo yokudla okune-carbohydrate yohlobo 1 sikashukela lapha

Ukudla okune-carbohydrate ephansi kukuvumela ukuthi ugcine ushukela wegazi ujwayelekile kahle, njengabantu abanempilo - akukho okuphezulu kune-5.5 mmol / L ngemuva kokudla futhi ekuseni ngesisu esingenalutho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ushukela wakho uzoba uvamile ngaphambi kokudla. Lokhu kunguquko ekwelapheni uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 nohlobo 2, oluthuthukiswa yiwebhusayithi ethi Diabetes-Med.Com phakathi kweziguli ezikhuluma isiRussia. Ukudla okune-carbohydrate ephansi kuvamile ushukela wegazi, umfutho wegazi ne-cholesterol. Imithamo ye-insulin incishiswa izikhathi ezi-2-7. Ngenxa yalokhu kudla, ngesifo sikashukela sohlobo loku-1, isikhathi se-honeymoon singanwetshwa iminyaka eminingana, noma ngisho nempilo yonke.

Izicelo eziningi zeziguli ezinesifo sikashukela, abaphathi besayithi balungiselele izindlela zokupheka ezingama-26 nemenyu eyisampula yeviki. Imenyu eyenziwe ngomumo iqukethe izinketho ezingama-21 zokudla kwasekuseni, isidlo sasemini kanye nesidlo sakusihlwa, kanye nokudla okulula. Zonke izitsha ziyashesha futhi kulula ukuzilungiselela, ngemikhiqizo etholakala unyaka nonyaka. Lokhu kupheka okulula futhi okunempilo kubantu abamatasa abafuna ukulandela ukudla okune-carb ephansi. Izinyathelo zokupheka ngezinyathelo ngezinyathelo zifana nezibiliboco zemikhosi. Kulula futhi ukupheka, kepha hhayi ukushaywa ngemvuthuluka. Ungadinga ihovini ukulungiselela izitsha ezithile. Thola izindlela zokupheka kanye nemenyu eyenziwe ngomumo ngokubhalisela iphephandaba le-imeyili. Kumahhala.

Imijovo ye-Insulin

Zonke iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 zidinga ukujova i-insulin nsuku zonke ukuze zingafi. Kungekudala ngemuva kokuqala ukwelashwa kwe-insulin, isikhathi se-honeymoon singafika. Ngalesi sikhathi, ushukela wegazi ugcina uvamile ngaphandle kwemijovo ejwayelekile. Kodwa-ke, le nkathi imvamisa ayihlali isikhathi eside. Ushukela uyavuka futhi. Uma ungangehlisi nge-insulin, isiguli sizowela enkingeni bese sifa.

Zama ukunwebisela i-honeymoon yakho iminyaka eminingana noma impilo yonke. Ungakwenza kanjani lokhu kuchazwe ngemininingwane engenhla. Ngesikhathi sokuqothuka kwezithandani, kungadingeka ukuphatha i-insulin ngemithamo ephansi. Kwenze, ungabi livila. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kuzodingeka ukuthi umgwaze "ngokugcwele." Zama ukugcina ushukela ngemuva kokudla kungabi ngaphezu kuka-5.5 mmol / L. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukulandela ukudla okune-carbohydrate engaphezulu futhi, mhlawumbe, usayijova i-insulin emayunithi angama-1-3 ngosuku.

Kunezinhlobo ezi-4 eziphambili ze-insulin:

• i-ultrashort - esheshayo;
• mfushane
• ubude besikhathi sokusebenza;
• kunwetshiwe.

Uma ulawula uhlobo 1 sikashukela ngokudla okuphansi kwe-carbohydrate, lapho-ke udinga ukushintshela kwezinye izindlela zokubala imithamo ye-insulin. Ngaphandle kwalokho kuzoba ne-hypoglycemia. Ngoba isidingo se-insulin sincishiswa izikhathi ezi-2-7.

Kusukela ngabo-1920s kuya ku-1970s, iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 zazelashwa nge-insulin etholwa ezinkomeni, izingulube, amahhashi ngisho nasezinhlanzini. I-insulin yezilwane ihlukile kwesomuntu, ngakho imijovo imvamisa ibanga ukungahambi kahle komzimba. Kepha behluleka ukwenqaba, ngoba i-insulin ibalulekile kwabanesifo sikashukela. Kusukela ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-1980s, i-insulin isetshenziswe kakhulu, ekhiqizwa ngamagciwane akhiqizwe ngofuzo. Ihlanzekile ekwakhekeni, ngakho-ke i-allergies evela ngomjovo iyivelakancane.

Izinhlobo ze-Ultrashort nezinde zesikhathi se-insulin aziyona i-insulin yabantu, kodwa izinhlobo ezenziwe ngobuhlakani. Babizwa ngokuthi ama-analogue. Bazithuthukisile izici ngokuqhathaniswa ne-insulin evamile yabantu. I-Ultrashort insulin iqala ukusebenza ngokushesha, futhi iqhubeke isikhathi eside - kunalokho, isebenza ngendlela efanayo amahora ayishumi nambili. Lezi zinhlobo ze-insulin bezilokhu zisetshenziswa kusukela ekuqaleni kweminyaka yo-2000. Baye bafakazela ukusebenza kwabo nokuphepha.

Uhlobo lokwenza i-insulin luphawu lokuthi hlobo luni lwe-insulin okudingeka ulujobe, kangaki ngosuku, ngasiphi isikhathi nokuthi imiphi imithamo. Ukwelashwa kwe-insulin kufanele kunqunywe ngokuqondile, ngokusho okufakiwe kudayari yokuzihlola kwesiguli esinesifo sikashukela. Babheka ukuthi amazinga kashukela egazi aguquka kanjani phakathi nosuku, yisikhathi sini isiguli esisetshenziselwa ukuba nesidlo sasekuseni, isidlo sasemini nesidlo sasebusuku. Ezinye izici zendlela yakhe yokuphila nazo ziyabhekwa. Musa ukusebenzisa amacebo ajwayelekile!

Funda ukufaka i-insulin! Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela ezilandela ukudla okuphansi kwe-carbohydrate zidinga imithamo ephansi ye-insulin. Ziphindwe izikhathi ezi-2-7 kunezilinganiso ezijwayelekile odokotela abasetshenziselwa zona. I-insulin syringes nezibaya zesirinji zinephutha le-0.5 PIECES. Lokhu kukhulu kakhulu. Ungafaka umjovo ngokunembile we-1-2 PIECES we-insulin kuphela uma ujutshwe nosawoti.

Udokotela ofanelekayo onolwazi futhi onolwazi kufanele aneluleke ngokwelashwa kwe-insulin. Ezenzweni, emazweni akhuluma isiRussia, iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo loku-1 zivame ukuthi zinikeze i-insulin bese zibala umthamo wazo ofanele. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukuthi utadishe ngokucophelela izindatshana ezikhonjwe ngezansi. Uma udokotela enquma ukwelashwa okufanayo kwe-insulin kuzo zonke iziguli zakhe, anganaki idayari yokuzihlola - ungasebenzisi izeluleko zakhe, thintana nolunye uchwepheshe.

Iphampu ye-insulin

Iphampu ye-insulin iyithuluzi elincane eligqoke ibhande. Kuyo, i-insulin iya ngokuqhubekayo ingena egazini ngejubane elinikeziwe. Impompo ye-insulin ineshubhu ende, emincane enenaliti ekugcineni. Inaliti ifakwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba, imvamisa esiswini, ihlale ikhona njalo. Ishintshwa njalo ezinsukwini ezi-3. Impompo yindlela yokujova ye-insulin enye indlela yokutholwa nezibaya zesirinji. Usayizi wedivayisi ucishe ufane nedeski lamakhadi okudlala.

Inzuzo yepompo ukuthi awudingi ukwenza imijovo kaningana ngosuku. Ingasetshenziswa ngabantu abadala, intsha, kanye nezingane ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1. Impompo ye-insulin ikholelwa ngokusemthethweni ukuthi inikezela ngokulawulwa okungcono kweshukela kunokutholwa kwendabuko. Kodwa-ke, kuyabiza, futhi akubona bonke abaguli abangafunda ukuyisebenzisa kahle. Ngokungemthetho - Ukwelapha i-insulin ukwelashwa namuhla kunezinkinga eziningi kunezinzuzo. Lokhu ngisho noma ungacabangeli intengo yayo ephezulu.

Amadivaysi ahlanganisa iphampu ye-insulin nohlelo lokuqapha ngokuqhubekayo ushukela egazini manje alungiselela ukungena emakethe. Kuzoba ngamanyikwe. Umshini onjalo uzokwazi ukulawula ushukela ngokuzenzakalelayo ngaphandle kokuzibandakanya kwesiguli esinesifo sikashukela. Kodwa-ke, uyoba nezithiyo ezifanayo njengempompo ye-insulin ejwayelekile. Ngemininingwane engaphezulu, bheka isihloko esithi "Ukwelashwa kwe-insulin okusetshenziselwa iPump: izinzuzo nezingozi." Ngesikhathi sokubhala, ngoFebhuwari 2015, ama-pancreas okufakelwa engakasetshenziswa ekuziphatheni. Izinsuku eziqondile okuvela ngazo ngalo azikaziwa kuze kube manje.

Imithi

Imithi idlala indima encane ekwelashweni kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 uma kuqhathaniswa nokudla, imijovo ye-insulin, nomsebenzi womzimba. Ezinye iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 zikhuluphele. Baqala ukumelana ne-insulin, ngakho bayaphoqelelwa ukuthi bafake imithamo emikhulu ye-insulin. Bangakwazi ukwehlisa inkambo yesifo sikashukela kumathebulethi, isithako esisebenzayo saso yi-metformin. Lezi izidakamizwa iSiofor ne-Glucofage. Ukunciphisa iziguli ezithambile nezincane, noma imaphi amaphilisi kashukela awasizi ngalutho.

Sifaka kuhlu izidakamizwa ezisiza ukulawula izifo ezihambisanayo. Ukusuka ku-hypertension, iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 zivame ukubekwa izidakamizwa - I-ACE inhibitors noma i-angiotensin-II receptor blockers. Lawa maphilisi awagcini nje ngokunciphisa umfutho wegazi, kepha futhi avimbela ukukhula kwezinkinga ezinso. Sekufakazelwe ukuthi kungakuhle ukubathathe lapho umfutho wegazi ungu-140/90 mm Hg. Ubuciko. futhi ngisho nangokwengeziwe uma iphakeme. Bheka futhi i-athikili ethi Isifo Sikashukela kanye Ne-Hypertension.

Yonke imishanguzo echazwe kulesi sigaba ingathathwa kuphela njengoba iyalelwe udokotela. Banemiphumela emibi ebalulekile. Ngisho nokuthatha uwoyela wezinhlanzi kufanele kukhanseliwe ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa okuhleliwe ngenhloso yokunciphisa ingozi yokopha. Musa ukuzindla! Thola udokotela ongamethemba futhi uthintane naye.

Ochwepheshe kanye nezenhliziyo ngokuvamile banquma imithamo emincane ye-aspirin ezigulini zabo ukuze bayisebenzise nsuku zonke. Kukholelwa ukuthi lokhu kunciphisa ingozi yokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo. Emazweni akhuluma isiRussia, iCardiomagnyl ivame ukunqunywa. Sesha i-Intanethi ngemiphumela emibi ye-aspirin. Xoxa nodokotela wakho ukuthi ungayifaka esikhundleni sawo yini i-fish. Kodwa-ke, ukuze igazi lenze uketshezi oluningi, uwoyela wezinhlanzi kufanele uthathe imithamo emikhulu. Ikhompiyutha eyodwa noma ezimbili ngeke zenze. Kunconywa ukuthatha izipuni ezingama-2-3 kawoyela wezinhlanzi eziwuketshezi nsuku zonke.

Izimo ziyimithi yehlisa izinga le-cholesterol embi egazini. Kuyaziwa ukuthi ngesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 nohlobo 2, ushukela ne-cholesterol “embi” kuvame ukuphakanyiswa ngasikhathi sinye. Ngakho-ke, ama-statin ajwayelwa ukunikezwa isifo sikashukela. Kodwa-ke, le mishanguzo ibangela imiphumela emibi - ukukhathala, ukukhubazeka kwenkumbulo, izinkinga zesibindi zingavela. Ukudla okune-carbohydrate ephansi kancane Diabetes-Med.Com ekhuthaza isifo sikashukela kulawula ushukela wegazi, i-cholesterol nomfutho wegazi. Uma ngalokhu kudla ungenqaba ukuthatha ama-statin - kuzoba kuhle.

Umsebenzi womzimba

Isifundo somzimba siyindlela yokulawula isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, esivame ukunganakwa. Kodwa-ke, ukuzivocavoca komzimba kucishe kubaluleke njengokudla nokujova kwe-insulin. Udinga ukuzivocavoca kwe-aerobic ne-anaerobic. I-Aerobic iyajaha, ukubhukuda, ukuhamba ngamabhayisekili, ukushushuluza. Kunconywa ukuthi kuhlanganiswe zonke izinsuku nabanye ngokuqeqeshwa okuqina kwe-anaerobic ejimini. Yakha umkhuba wokuzivocavoca njalo, mhlawumbe emoyeni ohlanzekile. Abantu abadala badinga okungenani izifundo ezi-5 zemizuzu engama-30 ngesonto, izingane - ihora eli-1 nsuku zonke.

Kudingeka umzimba wemfundo hhayi nje "wentuthuko ejwayelekile." Buza ukuthi ayini ama-telomeres, kungani ubude bawo bubalulekile, nokuthi umsebenzi womzimba ukwandisa kanjani. Ngamafuphi, ekuqaleni kweminyaka engama-2000, kwafakazelwa ukuthi ukuzivocavoca umzimba kwandisa ngqo impilo. Abantu abangazibandakanyi nokufunda ngokomzimba baphila hhayi kuphela okubi kakhulu, kodwa futhi iminyaka emincane.

Qala ukuqeqesha kuphela ngemuva kokubonisana nodokotela wakho. Kungakuhle ukuthi ungene ngaphansi kwe-ECG enomthwalo wokuqinisekisa ukuthi inhliziyo yehluleki. Uma izinkinga zesifo sikashukela embonweni, izinso noma imilenze sezivele sezithuthukile, lokhu kubeka imingcele ekukhetheni kwezinketho ezitholakalayo zomsebenzi womzimba.

Kuhlobo 1 sikashukela, ukuqeqeshwa kwabasubathi kunomthelela onzima kushukela wegazi. Ngomqondo, kufanele banciphise. Ngempela, imfundo yezomzimba ingangehlisa ushukela, futhi isikhathi eside, kwesinye isikhathi kuze kube ngamahora angama-36 emva kokuba uqeqesho seluphelile. Kodwa-ke, ukuvivinya umzimba ngokuvamile kuvusa ushukela. Ngesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa, vivinya ushukela wakho nge-glucometer kanye njalo ngesigamu sehora. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, uzoqonda ukuthi ukusebenza komzimba kukuthinta kanjani. Kuzodingeka ukuthi uvumelanise indlela odla ngayo nomthamo we-insulin ukuze ube nokuhleleka kwakho. Lokhu kuyinselele. Kodwa-ke, imfundo yezomzimba iletha izinzuzo eziningi ngaphezu kokuhlupheka.

Thayipha isifo sikashukela 1 ezinganeni

Uhlobo 1 sikashukela enganeni kusho izinkinga ezingapheli nokukhathazeka kubazali bakhe. Isifo sikashukela siguqula ngokuphelele impilo hhayi eyengane kuphela, kodwa nangawo wonke amanye amalungu omndeni. Izihlobo zifunda ukujova i-insulin, ukubala ama-carbohydrate ezitsheni, ukulawula ushukela wegazi, nokunikeza usizo oluphuthumayo lwezinkinga ezinzima. Kodwa-ke, zonke izindlela ezidingekayo zokulawula isifo sikashukela azithathi imizuzu eyi-10-15 ngosuku. Isikhathi sonke osidingayo sokuzama ukuhola impilo ejwayelekile.

Ukufunda ukulawula isifo sikashukela enganeni kucishe kufane nokufunda umsebenzi omusha. Qondisisa ukuthi yimiphi imigomo kashukela wegazi, ukuthi imijovo nokudla kwe-insulin kuthinta kanjani. Thola kuhulumeni yonke imihlomulo ongayithola. Kodwa-ke, lungela iqiniso lokuthi ukwelashwa kuzodinga izindleko ezinkulu. Okokuqala, lokhu kuyizindleko zemivimbo yokuhlola i-glucometer kanye ne-insulin enhle engenisiwe. I-glucometer ekhethwayo yamahhala kungenzeka inganembile, futhi i-insulin yasendlini ingasebenza ingazinzi futhi ibangele ukungezwani komzimba.

Ingane enesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 idluliselwe kokudla okuphansi kwe-carbohydrate kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala. Umphumela uba ushukela ojwayelekile ngokuqinile ngaphandle kwemijovo ye-insulin. Ikhula ngokujwayelekile - umfundi ohamba phambili ekilasini, indondo yesiliva emncintiswaneni wokudansa.

Finyelela kothisha nakwisikole ingane yakho esifunda kuso. Qinisekisa ukuthi osemncane onesifo sikashukela uvame ukuzijova nge-insulin, noma umhlengikazi wesikole ukulungele ukumsiza. Ingane kufanele njalo ibe namathebulegi kashukela uma kwenzeka kune-hypoglycemia, futhi kufanele ikwazi ukuyisebenzisa. Uma unezinye izingane, bese unaka nazo, hhayi ingane enesifo sikashukela kuphela. Awukwazi ukudonsa konke ngokwakho. Yabelana ngomthwalo wemfanelo wokulawula ukugula kwakho nengane yakho.

Ungaphila kanjani isikhathi eside

Imfihlo yempilo ende enesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 - udinga ukubhekisisa impilo yakho ngokucophelela kunontanga yakho, ekuthi i-carbohydrate metabolism ingaphazamiseka. Iwebhusayithi yeDiabetes-Med.Com ikhuthaza uhlelo lokulawula isifo sikashukela esisezingeni eliphansi emzimbeni. Lolu hlelo lwenza ukuthi sikwazi ukugcina ushukela wegazi ojwayelekile, njengabantu abanempilo. Landela izincomo - futhi ungathembela eminyakeni engama-80-90 yempilo ephelele. Ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga ezinso, izinso, imilenze kanye nohlelo lwenhliziyo kuthintelwe ngokuphelele.

Hlakulela imikhuba emihle:

• Nsuku zonke, thatha izinyathelo zokuqondisa izigwegwe ukulawula ushukela wakho - hlola ushukela wakho wegazi, ulandele ekudleni, ubale umthamo wakho we-insulin bese unikeza imijovo.
• Thatha izivivinyo zegazi nomchamo kaningana ngonyaka, uhlolwe. Gcina umbhalo walokho ohlelweni lwakho kwenhliziyo, izinso, namehlo.
• Hlola imilenze yakho njalo kusihlwa, landela imithetho yokunakekelwa kwezinyawo.
• Vivinya umzimba izikhathi eziningana ngesonto. Lokhu kubaluleke ngaphezu komsebenzi.
• Ungabhemi.
• Thola okukuphefumulisa futhi ukwenze ukuze kube nethonya empilweni.

Ukuvimbela kanye nokuvinjwa kwezinkinga

Izinkinga zesifo sikashukela ziqinile futhi zingamahlalakhona. Akhula ngenxa yokuthi umuntu uvame ukuba noshukela wegazi ophakeme. Uma isiguli esinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 singayifaki i-insulin noma sisebenzisa imithamo enganele, ushukela wakhe uphakama kakhulu. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, ukuphuma komzimba kwenzeka, bese kufikelwa amandla, kanti onesifo sikashukela angawela enkingeni. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-ketoacidosis yesifo sikashukela, okuyinkinga esongela impilo.

Futhi, ushukela wegazi ungakhuphuka kakhulu uma unesifo esibandayo noma esinye isifo esithathelwanayo. Ngoba lapho umzimba ulwa nokutheleleka, amandla we-insulin ayancipha. Kuyadingeka ukwandisa umthamo we-insulin ngesikhathi sezifo ezithathelanayo futhi usaqhubeka nokwenza ezinye izindlela zokwelapha.

Ushukela ophakanyiswe ngokulingana kungenzeka ungabi nazimpawu. Kodwa-ke, kuvusa ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga zesifo sikashukela esingamahlalakhona. Ushukela omningi, ojikeleza egazini, “unamathela” kumaprotheni. Kulimaza imithambo yegazi nezitho zangaphakathi. Kuzo zonke iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, izinkinga zivela ngamanani ahlukile. Kodwa-ke, ukusondela ushukela wegazi lakho ngenani elijwayelekile, makhulu amathuba okuba izingqinamba zivikeleke ngokuphelele. Ngaphezu ushukela, futhi udinga ukulawula umfutho wegazi, i-cholesterol, amaprotheni asebenzayo (C-reactive protein) nezinye izinto ezibeka engcupheni yengozi yentliziyo.

Ukukhulelwa

Ukukhulelwa kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 kufanele kuhlelwe. Udinga ukuyilungiselela ngokucophelela. Thuthukisa ukulawula kwakho ushukela egazini izinyanga ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokukhulelwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungayenzi buthaka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Kunconywa ukuthi uqale ukukhulelwa kuphela ngemuva kokuthi i-hemoglobin yakho ye-glycated yehle yaya ku-6.0%. Ukushintshwa kwephampu ye-insulin kusiza abesifazane abaningi ukufeza le nhloso. Umfutho wegazi kufanele ube ngu-130/80 mm RT. Ubuciko. noma phansi.

Esigabeni sokuhlela ukukhulelwa, udinga ukuhlolwa futhi kuhlolwe. Kubalulekile ukuhlola isimo semehlo nezinso zakho. Ngoba ushintsho lwamahomoni luzothinta imithambo yegazi ephakela iso. Inkambo ye-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela ingaba yimbi kakhulu. Futhi, ukukhulelwa kudala umthwalo owengeziwe ezinso. Kunokuphikisana okuningi kokukhulelwa onesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, futhi konke lokhu bekungamukelwa nje ... Kepha uma ingane izalwa iphilile, khona-ke ingozi yokudlulisela isifo sikashukela isuka kumama ayibalulekanga kuye - 1-1.5% kuphela.

Ukukhulelwa ngohlobo lwe-1 sikashukela kuthwala izingozi ezinkulu ezingabonakali ekuqaleni kokuqala. Thatha izivivinyo bese uvivinya. Bese uxoxa ngesimo sakho nodokotela wakho bese wenza isinqumo esinolwazi. Yiba nentshisekelo kokutholwa kanye nokugada.

Ukukhulelwa, ukuba nengane nokuba nengane ephilile kungenzeka ezimweni eziningi nge-T1DM. Izinkundla eziku-inthanethi zigcwele izindaba zokuphumelela kokukhulelwa kwabesifazane abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1. Kodwa-ke, isithombe sangempela asithembi kangako. Ngoba abesifazane abanokuhluleka kwezinso noma ubumpumputhe ngenxa yokukhulelwa abaxoxi ezinhlanganweni. Uma sebenele ezinye izinkinga ...

Funda i-athikili enemininingwane, Isifo Sikashukela Sikhulelwe. Kuyo uzofunda kuyo:

• yiziphi izivivinyo okudingeka uzidlule kanti nezivivinyo zidlula esiteji sokuhlela;
• indlela yokulawula ushukela wegazi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa;
• izinkomba zokuzalwa kwengane ngokwemvelo kanye nesigaba se-cesarean.

Ukwehla kwesisindo noma isisindo

Kuhlobo 1 sikashukela, ukukhuluphala nemithamo ephezulu ye-insulin kuhlobene kakhulu. Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi i-insulin yehlisa ushukela wegazi. Kepha bambalwa abantu abaziyo ukuthi le hormone iguqula ushukela abe ngamafutha. Kuvimbela nezicubu ezinamafutha ekuqhekekeni. I-insulin ivimbela inqubo yokunciphisa isisindo. Ukuphakama kokuqina kwegazi, kuba nzima kakhulu ukwehlisa isisindo. Ngokweqile, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kwehlisa ukuzwela kwamangqamuzana ku-insulin. Abantu abakhuluphele kufanele bafake insulin eningi ukwehlisa ushukela emazingeni amukelekile.

Ukukhuluphala kanye nemithamo ephezulu ye-insulin kwakha umjikelezo omubi:

1. Amadiphozi avela emzimbeni.
2. Benza ngcono ukumelana ne-insulin - kufanele ufake imithamo ephezulu ye-insulin, ngaphandle kwalokho ushukela awupheli.
3. Ama-insulin amaningi ajikeleza egazini. Lokhu kuvimbela umzimba ekushisweni kwamafutha nasekulahlekeni kwesisindo.
4. I-insulin isusa ushukela egazini, iliguqule libe ngamafutha. Ukukhuluphala kuyanda.
5. Umjikelezo uyaphinda, isimo siba sibi. Isisindo somzimba namaphesenti wamafutha emzimbeni ayakhula, futhi emva kwawo - imithamo ye-insulin.

Umjikelezo omubi ochazwe ngenhla ubonwa ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, hhayi phakathi kweziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 kuphela. Kungani i-insulin ikhuthaza ukukhuluphala? Ngoba nge-glucose eyeqile akukho ongakwenza ngaphandle kokukuguqula kube ngamafutha. Okokuqala, umzimba uzama ukuguqula ushukela ube yinto enesitashi - i-glycogen, efakwa esibindini. Kodwa-ke, iziqukathi zokugcina ze-glycogen zikhawulelwe. Kumuntu omdala, lokhu kungaphezu kwama-400-500 amagremu.

Isifo sikashukela esidla ukudla “okunokulinganisela” sidla ama-carbohydrate amaningi. Ama-carbohydrate adliwayo aphenduka ngokushesha abe ushukela bese anda ushukela wegazi. Njengomthetho, amathangi wokugcina we-glycogen esibindini nasemisipha asevele egcwele. Ukweqile glucose ngeke kushiywe egazini. Umzimba ufuna ukukususa ngokuphuthumayo lapho ukuze "unganamatheli" kumaphrotheni kanye nezinkinga zesifo sikashukela ezikhulayo. Inketho kuphela ukuyiguqula ibe ngamafutha. I-insulin ivusa le nqubo. Futhi ubungako bezicubu ze-adipose cishe bungapheli.

Ukwehlisa imithamo ye-insulin ukuze wehlise isisindo ngokushesha ngaphandle kokunaka ushukela wegazi kuyinkinga yokudla eyingozi. Ithinta abesifazane abancane abane-10-40% abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1. Ngokungemthetho, ibizwa ngokuthi i-bulimia sikashukela. Lokhu kuyinkinga engokwengqondo noma engqondo. Ngokunokwenzeka, umuthi osemthethweni uzosheshe uwubone njengesifo sangempela.

I-Diabetes yesifo sikashukela isongela impilo, ithwala lezi zingozi ezilandelayo:

• iziqephu ezivame kakhulu zesifo sikashukela sikashukela;
• ukulaliswa esibhedlela endaweni yokunakekela kakhulu;
• izifo ezithathelwanayo - ukumelana nomzimba kuba buthaka;
• ukubonakaliswa kokuqala kwezinkinga zesifo sikashukela ezinso, iso, uhlelo lwenhliziyo.

Ukudla okune-carbohydrate ephansi kuphela okwenzeka ukuthi kunciphise imithamo ye-insulin ngezikhathi ezi-2-7 futhi ngasikhathi sinye kube ngcono ukulawulwa koshukela. Uzokwehlisa isisindo buthule futhi ukwazi ukuthoba isisindo esijwayelekile. Ukwehla kwesisindo akwenzeki ngokushesha, kepha emavikini noma izinyanga ezimbalwa uzothola umphumela. Kulokhu, ngeke kube khona ukulimala empilweni, kepha okuphambene nalokho - zuza.

Isisindo sidinga ukwandiswa ngokwakha izicubu zomzimba, hhayi izicubu ze-adipose. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukukhuluphala kuzothuthukisa inkambo yesifo sakho sikashukela.

Iziphetho

Ngemuva kokufunda i-athikili, nezinye izinsiza ezikuxhumanisayo, ufunde konke okudingayo mayelana nokwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1. Amakhono amakhulu okudingeka ube nawo ukubala ama-carbohydrate namaprotheni ekudleni, ukubala imithamo ye-insulin, ukukala ushukela wegazi nge-glucometer. Vele, uhlu alupheli lapho. Funda ukulawula uhlobo 1 sikashukela kufana nokufunda umsebenzi omusha. Kodwa-ke, uzothola imbuyiselo ephezulu uma utadisha futhi welulekwa. Ungaphila impilo ende, egcwele, engasindwa yizinkinga.

Udokotela waseMelika uRichard Bernstein usehlale nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65. Ubukeka futhi azizwa ejabule ukwedlula iningi lontanga yakhe. Iwebhusayithi yeDiabetes-Med.Com ihumusha isiRussian izincomo zikaDkt Bernstein zokulawulwa kwesifo sikashukela ngokudla okuphansi kwe-carbohydrate nemithamo ephansi ye-insulin.

Gwema ukudla okugcwala ama-carbohydrate ngokucophelela njengoba amaSulumane namaJuda ama-Orthodox egwema ingulube. Ungagcini emishinini yokuhlola ushukela. Gcina idayari yokuzithiba. Lungisa imithamo yakho ye-insulin kunokufaka umjovo womthamo ofanayo ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngokusho kukaDkt Bernstein, uma, ngemuva kwe-T1DM, ushukela ngemuva kokudla futhi ekuseni esiswini esingenamuntu ungeqi ku-5.5 mmol / L, futhi inani eliphelele lansuku zonke le-insulin enwetshiwe futhi esheshayo alidluli amayunithi ayi-8, khona-ke wenza konke okulungile.

Kunemisebenzi eminingi yezokwelapha ehambisana nokwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela. Udokotela oyisazi ophuma phambili udokotela oyi-endocrinologist. Ochwepheshe be-Narrow bayamsiza. Udokotela ophethe udokotela osebenza ngonyawo lwesifo sikashukela. Ungayihlanganisi nodokotela wezingane - udokotela wezingane. I-Nephrologist - iphatha izinso, ivimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-nephropathy yesifo sikashukela. Ophthalmologists bathatha izifundo ezikhethekile ukufunda ukuthi bangaphatha kanjani i-retinopathy futhi balondoloze umbono wabantu abanesifo sikashukela. Noma kunjalo, umsebenzi oyinhloko ekuvinjelweni nasekuvinjelweni kwezinkinga zohlobo lwesifo sikashukela esingu-1 kuse emahlombe esiguli. Udinga ukulawula ushukela wakho wegazi kahle, ngaphandle kwalokho odokotela ngeke bakwazi ukusiza okuningi.