Isifo sikashukela yisifolapho i-pancreas ingahambisani nomsebenzi wayo ohlosiwe. Ngenxa yokuntuleka noma ukungabikho ngokuphelele kwe-insulin secretion, i-metabolism iyaphazamiseka futhi uhlobo lwe-1 sikashukela luyakhula. Uma ukuzwela kwamangqamuzana omzimba kule hormone kuncipha futhi ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin kunciphisa noma kukhuphuka, uhlobo 2 lwesifo sikashukela luyakhula. Amaseli we-pancreatic beta akhiqiza i-insulin. Le-hormone ibhekene nokuqhekeka nokufakwa kweglue emzimbeni wethu. Indawo lapho kutholakala khona amaseli we-beta ibizwa ngokuthi "iziqhingi zaseLangerhans." Ama-pancreas omuntu ophile kahle aqukethe iziqhingi ezingaba yisigidi, ezinesisindo esingu-1-2 amagremu sisonke Ngokuhlangana nalawa maseli kukhona amaseli we-alpha. Banomsebenzi wokwenza i-glucagon. I-Glucagon yi-hormone ephatha i-insulin. Iphula i-glycegen kushukela.
Kwenzekani ngesifo sikashukela?
I-Hyperglycemia (i-glucose ephakeme) ikhula ngenxa yokwehla komkhiqizo we-insulin. Imvamisa, kumuntu omdala, le nkomba isebangeni le-3.3-5.5 mmol / L. Esikhathini sikashukela, lezi zinombolo zanda kakhulu futhi zingafinyelela ku-15-20 mmol / L. Ngaphandle kwe-insulin, amangqamuzana asemzimbeni wethu ayafa yindlala. I-glucose ayibonwa ngamangqamuzana futhi inqwabelana egazini. Ngokweqile, ushukela ujikeleza egazini, ingxenye yawo igcinwa esibindini, kanti ingxenye ethile yakhelwa emchanjeni. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukushoda kwamandla kuvela. Umzimba uzama ukukhipha amandla ekuhlinzekeni kwawo ngokwawo amafutha, kwakhiwa izinto ezinobuthi (imizimba ye-ketone), amasistimu we-metabolic ayaphazamiseka. I-Hyperglycemia ithinta kabi wonke umzimba, uma ungasiphathi lesi sifo, khona-ke umuntu uzongena enkingeni ye-hyperglycemic.
Ukuhlukaniswa
Namuhla, isifo sikashukela siyahlukaniswa:
- thayipha i-1 mellitus encike kwisifo sikashukela - izingane kanye nabantu abasha bagula kakhulu;
- uhlobo 2 olunga-insulin-oluthembele - olutholakala kubantu abadala abakhuluphele ngokweqile noma abanezakhi zofuzo ezibangelwa isifo sikashukela;
- ukhulelwe (isayensi yesifo sikashukela);
- ezinye izindlela zesifo sikashukela (i-immuno-mediated, izidakamizwa, ezinesici sofuzo kanye ne-endocrinopathies).
Isifo sikashukela
Eminyakeni edlule, ukwanda kwesifo sikashukela kuyanda. Ngo-2002, abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-120 baba nesifo sikashukela. Ngokwezibalo, njalo ngeminyaka eyi-10-15 inani labanesifo sikashukela liphindwe kabili. Ngakho-ke, lesi sifo siba yinkinga yezokwelapha neyomphakathi wembulunga yonke.
Kwenziwe ucwaningo oluveze ukuthi isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 sisabalele emncintiswaneni wamaMongoloid. Emncintiswaneni we-Negroid, ubungozi bokukhula nesifo sikashukela sikhulu.
Ngo-2000, bekunama-12% abantu abanesifo sikashukela eHong Kong, 10% e-USA, no-4% eVenezuela. IChile ithinteka kancane - i-1.8% yenani lilonke labantu.
Ungathola izibalo ezinemininingwane yesifo sikashukela lapha.
Ngokulawulwa okufanele kanye nokwelashwa kwalesi sifo, abantu baphila ngokuthula futhi bajabulele impilo!
