Isifo esihambisana nokuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic emzimbeni sinezindawo eziningana zokulawula. Ukugcinwa ngokuqinile kwayo yonke imithetho yokwelashwa kuvumela iziguli ukuba ziqale indlela yokuphila ejwayelekile, engefani kakhulu nekhono lomuntu ophilile. Kwesinye isikhathi ubunzima butholakala ekutholweni kokuqala kwesifo se-pancreatic isifo se-endocrine. Yimaphi amazinga kashukela wegazi ku-prediabetes angakhombisa isifo emzimbeni? Ubani osengozini?
Hlangana nalesi sifo sihlome ngokuphelele!
Akwamukeleki ukuthi uphile futhi uhlale ukhathazeka ngesifo esingenzeka. Ngokutholwa kokuxilongwa "okulindelekile", kukhona okungenzeka kuphela, futhi ngenjabulo ehlelekile, ukuphazamiseka kwempilo yengqondo kuqinisekisiwe. Obani okufanele bakulungele ukuthatha izivivinyo zegazi ukuze bahlolwe? Siyini isifo sikashukela esisebusweni?
Ezinye izinto kanye nezimpawu zangaphandle nakho kusikisela ukuthi kungenzeka isifo. Okokuqala, lokhu kusebenza kubantu abazali babo asebevele benesifo sikashukela. Okungenzeka kakhulu uma bobabili abashadile benesifo sokuzalwa.
Ukuqhathanisa lesi simo:
- isisindo ngokweqile;
- ukungabi namandla kokuzivikela komzimba;
- impilo yokuhlala phakathi nosuku;
- ukwesaba, ukucindezelwa okungapheli;
- ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwama-carbohydrate angagayeki (okubhakiwe nepasta kusuka kufulawa weprimiyamu, ushukela, amaswidi).
I-trigger mechanism ingaba buthaka obukhali bokuzivikela komzimba ngenxa yesifo se-virus (i-rubella, umkhuhlane, i-hepatitis). Imithamo emincane yokugoma iqukethe amaseli angamagciwane athela umzimba. Odokotela abanolwazi batusa ukuhoxiswa okungaba khona kwesifo sikashukela ekugomeni okungabalulekile.
Isisindo esithe xaxa asisho ukuthi kuphela izibalo ezingaphezulu komehluko otholakele ekukhuleni (ngamasentimitha) nenombolo 100. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, kubhekelwa ngokukhethekile ekuqongeleleni kwezicubu ze-adipose okhalweni, okubuye kukhombise ukuphazamiseka kwemetaboliki ngohlobo lwesifo sikashukela.
Ukubeletha - ukuhlolwa kwamandla
Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, wonke amasistimu omzimba wesifazane abhekana nengcindezi enkulu. Amabhubo kufanele asebenze kumodi ephindwe kabili.
Amanyikwe ngesikhathi sokusebenza kanzima kwesivivinyo:
- ukuba nethuba lokuthola ifa;
- wahlaselwa isifo esithathelwanayo nezinkinga;
- ukubhekana nezinkinga zokudla njalo.
Ukwanda koshukela wegazi kuvame ukwenzeka phakathi kwenyanga yesine neyesithupha.
Esigabeni sokuphothula kokuhlukaniswa (ukusatshalaliswa) kwamaseli nezicubu zesitho esisha se-intrauterine, ingane ekhula ngokuqinile ithinta ikakhulu amathonya angaphandle. Ukudla okune-carb ephansi kunconyelwa omama. Owesifazane kudingeka aqaphele lapho ethatha imishanguzo, utshwala ne-nicotine kuyenqatshelwe ngokuphelele.
Ukutholwa kwesisindo esingalawulwa sowesifazane okhulelwe kungadala ukukhuluphala esibelethweni, kugqwala ukuzalwa okunzima
Ama-pancreas we-fetus, inani elikhulayo loshukela egazini likamama liphoqa ukuthi i-insulin ye-hormone ikhishwe ngesivinini esikhulu. I-Hyperfunction yesitho se-endocrine yengane ayimisi ngemuva kokubeletha. Ingane inehla kakhulu ebushukela (hypoglycemia).
Ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa noma sesibili kwabesifazane abakhulelwe kwenziwa ngendlela efanayo nefomu labo eliyinhloko, kusetshenziswa:
- imijovo ye-insulin;
- ukudla
- ukudla.
Isiqephu esine-hyperglycemia ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa sinika umuntu wesifazane esikhathini esizayo ikakhulukazi ukuqapha isisindo, ukondleka, indlela yakhe yokuphila nengane.
Zembula futhi wenze hlangothi
Ama-surges angatholakali ngesikhathi ku-glycemia ayingozi. Ukwanda ushukela okuphawuleka isikhathi eside kuholela ku-ketoacidosis. Imikhiqizo ebolile enobuthi yokuphendula kwe-metabolic idedelwa egazini. Umuthi wamakhemikhali uvela kumchamo - i-acetone, ephuma emlonyeni kunephunga lamaapula avuthiwe.
Njengoba unesifo sikashukela esisekuhambeni, ukuqapha isizinda se-glycemic kubalulekile emazingeni athile empilweni
I-mellitus ephuma phambili yesifo sikashukela ingaveza izimpawu ezethusayo:
- ukwehla okukhulu kwesisindo somzimba;
- ukoma okukhulu;
- ukuqubuka kwesifiso esingesilo semvelo noma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuphambukela ezinhlotsheni ezithile zokudla;
- ukuchama njalo
- ukoma, ukumiswa, ukutheleleka kwesikhumba kanye nezicubu zezitho zomzimba (umgogodla womlomo, ubufazi).
Ngesikhathi sesandulela sikashukela, ukubekezelelwa kwe-glucose kuyaphazamiseka. Ochwepheshe bayihlukanisa ngokuthi yisifo sikashukela se-latent, ngesiLatin - latent. Kuyena, ukuhlolwa kwegazi okujwayelekile kumuntu osengozini kuvamile.
Amathemba ezokwelapha okunqoba isimo esingazinzile:
Ukuzila ushukela wegazi kanye nokujwayelekile kwalo- ifomu lokugcina lihlala impilo yonke;
- inyamalala ngaphandle komkhondo;
- ungena kwisifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.
IHemoglobin, okuyingxenye yegazi, ihlinzeka umoya-mpilo osuka emaphashini uye kuwo wonke amalungu omzimba nezitho zangaphakathi. Esikhundleni salokho, i-protein protein nayo ingabamba i-molecule ye-glucose. Isibopho phakathi kwamakhemikhali siqine kakhulu. I-tata eyakhiwe ibizwa ngokuthi i-glycated hemoglobin. Izinzile futhi ikhona izinyanga eziningana.
Ngokuqukethwe kwe-hemoglobin ye-glycated egazini, isilinganiso soshukela esijwayelekile sahlulelwa izinyanga ezi-2 zokugcina ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Izindinganiso ezinhle zokuhlolwa kwe-HbA1 zithathwa njengezinkomba ze-5-8%.
Ukubheka isikhathi esifushane (emavikini amabili edlule), basebenzisa ukuhlaziya kokuqukethwe kwenye i-carbohydrate compound - fructosamine. Amanani ayo ajwayelekile afinyelela kuma-285 mmol / l.
Inqubo yokuhlola ukubekezelelwa kwe-glucose
Ukuhlolwa kokubekezelela kwe-Glucose (GTT) kusiza ukukhomba i-maskology pathologies. Umbuzo wokwenza isifundo sokulawula unqunywa yi-endocrinologist. I-GTT yokuxilongwa kwesifo sikashukela yenziwa emtholampilo noma esibhedlela, izikhathi ezi-1-2 ngonyaka. Imisebenzi yamanyikwe ihlolwa ngaphansi komthwalo weglucose. Ngokusekelwe kudatha etholakele, kwakhiwa "ijika leshukela". Ngokuzimela ekhaya, lokhu kuhlolwa kwegazi akwenziwa.
Isiguli esingaba khona kufanele siphuze isixazululo sikashukela esiswini esingenalutho. Ukuhlushwa kwayo kungama-75 g nge-250-300 ml wamanzi. Ngaphambi kwalokhu, isampula legazi lokuqala lenziwa esiswini esingenalutho. Ngemuva kwalokho, njalo lapho uhhafu wehora, amahora we-2-3, igazi lithathwa futhi okuqukethwe kwe-glucose kuyo kunqunywe. Ukwanda kanye nokwehla kwamazinga kashukela kusivumela ukuba sahlulele ukusebenza kwamanyikwe.
“Isigaxa soshukela” somuntu ophilile siyoba nokuqonda ngqo ezansi. 2 amahora ngemuva kokuthatha isixazululo se-glucose, izinkomba zizoba ngu-5.5-6.5 mmol / L. Ukuze usole isifo sikashukela, kwanele ukuthi izinga lingabuyeli kumanani ajwayelekile, lihlala liphakeme - lingaphezulu kuka-7.8 mmol / l.
Ushukela wegazi ongenzeka wesiguli uphakeme kancane kune-venous
Ngemuva kwalokho ukuxilongwa kufanele kuqinisekiswe izifundo ezilandelayo:
- ukuzimisela kwe-glucose kumchamo;
- ukutholwa kwe-lipid metabolism;
- ukuhlolwa kwezinga le-C-peptide.
Ukuhlaziywa kwakamuva, kanye nokuzimisela kokuqukethwe kwe-insulin engasebenzi, kusivumela ukuthi sahlukanise uhlobo 1 bese sithayipha i-2 mellitus yesifo sikashukela. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi amanani eglucose egazini lonke aphansi kune-plasma yakhe.
Ngakho-ke, ngesimo se-prediabetesic, amazinga kashukela egazi asheshayo ajwayelekile. Kunokweqa kwesikhashana kubantu okumiselwe ukuba babe yisifo se-endocrine, okucasulwa yizimo ezahlukahlukene zokuphila. Ukuqaphelisisa ingemuva le-glycemic nolwazi oluyisisekelo lwalesi sifo kungabona ukwephulwa esigabeni sokuqala, kuvikele izinkinga ezinzima futhi sekwephuzile.
Ukuze kutholakale isifo sikashukela, umjikelezo wokuhlolwa kwe-glucose wenziwa ngaphansi komthwalo. Izinkinga ezingaba khona ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa akufanele zivimbe abashadikazi abasengozini yokuba nezingane.
