Namuhla, izifo zenhliziyo zisendaweni yokuqala phakathi kwezifo ezibangela ukufa komuntu. Imvamisa, ukwephulwa kukhuthaza i-atherossteosis, eyakheka ngenxa yokuqongelela ama-cholesterol amabi nama-cholesterol plaques emzimbeni.
Ukugwema izinkinga ezinkulu zesifo sikashukela, kubalulekile ukuqala ukwelashwa ngendlela okufika ngesikhathi. Ngemuva kokuhlolwa nokuhlaziywa, udokotela ozokuhambela uzokwazisa ukuthi yimaphi ama-cholesterol aphumelela kakhulu futhi aphephile.
Le mishanguzo ikhawulela isibindi, ngokwehlisa ukwehla kwama-lipid ayingozi egazini, ihlanza imithambo yegazi futhi ithuthukise ikhwalithi yempilo yesiguli.
Izinhlobo zezidakamizwa
Izimo zingaba zemvelo futhi zenziwe, zenziwe ngokwenziwe. Futhi, izidakamizwa ze-cholesterol zihlukaniswe izizukulwane ezine.
Izidakamizwa zesizukulwane sokuqala zifaka ama-statin emvelo, ahlukaniswe isikhunta. Izidakamizwa zezizukulwane ezisele zikhiqizwa yi-syntretion yokwenziwa.
ISimvastatin neLovastatin zingama-statins esizukulwane sokuqala. Banomphumela ophansi owaziwa njengelashwa futhi ubangela imiphumela emibi ehlukahlukene. Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kudinga izidakamizwa zesizukulwane sesibili, ezibandakanya i-fluvastatin. Zingagcinwa egazini lomuntu isikhathi eside.
Izidakamizwa zesizukulwane sesithathu zinegalelo lokwehla okukhulu ekuqoqweni kwe-triglycerides kanye ne-low-density lipoprotein, phakathi kwayo lapho i-Atorvastatin ithathwa njengeyona edume kakhulu. Amalungiselelo we-cholesterol ephakanyisiwe yesizukulwane sesine inomthelela ekwandeni okukhulu kokusebenza kahle nokuphepha, uma kuqhathaniswa ne-analogues yangaphambili.
Ngaphezu kwemisebenzi eyisisekelo yokunciphisa amazinga we-lipid, izidakamizwa zinezici ezihlukile nemiphumela eyengeziwe.
Izakhiwo zaseStatin
Izidakamizwa zeqembu lama-statin zithinta ukukhiqizwa kwe-cholesterol ngesibindi ngokuvinjwa kwayo. Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yokuthi ama-enzyme abandakanyeka ekwakhekeni kwe-cholesterol ayavinjwa. Lama enzymes asheshisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-mevalonic acid, esebenza njengomandule we-cholesterol.
Izimo zithinta ne-endothelium yemithambo yegazi, sinciphise ukuvuvukala futhi sinciphise ingozi yokuqhekeka kwegazi, sivuselele ukwakheka kwe-nitric oxide, okucindezela futhi kuphumze imithambo yegazi, kugcina ukuqina kokuqanjwa kwamakhemikhali kwegazi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izidakamizwa zivimbela ukufakwa kwe-myocardial. Ngakho-ke, ngokwesibonelo, iRosuvastatin ibonakalisile ukuthi ingumuthi osebenzayo wokunciphisa ingozi yokuhlakulela i-pathologies ye-inhliziyo. Esikhathini sokuvuselelwa ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo, ama-statin athathwayo, ngoba asiza ukusheshisa inqubo yokuphola.
Ukufaka amathebulethi kungakhuphula izinga lama-lipids amahle.
Izinzuzo zama-statins
Lezi zinhlobo zezidakamizwa zisetshenziselwa ukuvimbela kanye nokwelashwa kwe-atherossteosis, lapho ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingakhombisanga umphumela owufunayo. Izimo zinciphisa ubungozi bokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo, ukuhlasela kwe-ischemic okwesikhashana, unhlangothi, isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi.
Futhi, amaphilisi ajwayele ukwenza umsebenzi wesistimu yenhliziyo kwisifo se-coronary kanye ne-angina pectoris, ayeke izimpawu zesifo sikashukela, anciphise isisindo sokukhuluphala, futhi anciphise ukuvuvukala ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi. Izidakamizwa zinganciphisa igazi futhi zivikele ukukhula kwe-thrombosis, zenze izinqubo ezijwayelekile ze-metabolic, zikhulise imithambo, futhi zisuse ama-atherosulinotic plaque.
Umuthi ukuvumela ukuthi usheshise inqubo yokuvuselelwa kabusha ngokubabaza, i-ischemic stroke, i-coronary artery bypass grafting, angioplasty, infarction ye-myocardial, i-pulmonary embolism.
Ngubani ophikisana nokwelashwa kwe-statin
Ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa, kufanele uthintane nodokotela. Kuzokusiza ukuthi ukhethe umuthi kanye nomthamo, kucatshangelwa izici zomzimba ngamunye kanye nokuba khona kwezifo ezincane. Njengoba ama-satin anokuphikisana okuningi, ukuzelapha ngokwakho akumele kwenze.
Ukusetshenziswa komuthi kufanele kushiywe ngokuphelele lapho kukhona ukungahambi kahle nokungabekezelelani ezintweni ezisebenzayo zomuthi, isifo sezinso, i-gland yegciwane engasebenzi kahle kanye ne-endocrine system.
Futhi, amaphilisi awakwazi ukusetshenziswa uma wephula uhlelo lwe-musculoskeletal, izifo ezinamandla nezesibindi ezingelapheki. Ku-isifo sikashukela i-mellitus, ukunakekelwa okuthile kufanele kuthathwe lapho ukhetha indlela yokwehlisa i-cholesterol. Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, umuthi ungalimaza ingane, ngakho-ke kungcono ukufaka umuthi ngenye indlela ephephile noma uyeke ngokuphelele ukwelashwa.
Udinga ukuqonda ukuthi ukuphuza umuthi kungadala imiphumela ethile emibi.
- Ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu, i-myopathy iba. Ukwephulwa okunjalo kuncike eminyakeni yesiguli, umthamo wezidakamizwa, ukuba khona kwezinkinga ezinzima zesifo sikashukela.
- Kwesinye isikhathi umsebenzi wesistimu yezinzwa ephakathi uyaphazamiseka. Lokhu kubonakala ngesimo sekhanda, isiyezi, ukuphazamiseka kokulala, ubuthakathaka obujwayelekile.
- Lapho kuvezwa ohlelweni lokuphefumula kwezinye izimo, i-rhinitis, i-bronchitis iba khona.
- Futhi, isiguli singathola isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ukuqunjelwa.
Ngokuvamile, ngokusetshenziswa ngokulinganayo, ngokucophelela nangokufanele kwamathebhulethi, ungabona umphumela omuhle. Kepha uma kwenzeka ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile futhi isikhathi eside, isiguli singathola ukusabela okungekuhle ngendlela:
- Ubuhlungu esiswini namathumbu amancane, ukuqunjelwa, ukugabha;
- I-Amnesia, ukuqwasha, i-paresthesia, isiyezi;
- I-Thrombocytopenia noma ukwehla okubukhali kokuhlushwa kweplatelet
- Ukuvuvukala, ukukhuluphala, ukungabi namandla kwabesilisa;
- Ukuqina kwemisipha, izinhlungu emuva, isifo samathambo, myopathy.
Futhi, umphumela ongathandeki ungabhekwa uma i-hypolipidemic kanye nezinye izinhlobo zemithi engahambisani nazo zisetshenziswa.
Izinzuzo kanye nokubi kwama-statins
Uma ulapha njalo futhi ulandela zonke izincomo zezokwelapha, leli qembu lezidakamizwa linciphisa ingozi yokufa kokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo nokushaywa ngamaphesenti angama-40. Umuthi unganciphisa ukugcwala kwe cholesterol embi egazini ngamaphesenti angama-50. Ukuhlola lesi simo, kunconywa kanye ngenyanga ukunikela ngegazi ezingeni lama-lipid ayingozi.
Lesi sidakamizwa esiphephile, esithi, uma sinikezwe umthamo, awunamphumela onobuthi emzimbeni. Izidakamizwa zesizukulwane esisha zinenani elincane lemiphumela emibi futhi, ngaphandle kwemiphumela, vumela ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela. Namuhla, kunama-analogues amaningi athengiswa ngamanani angabizi, ngakho-ke wonke umuntu angakwazi ukukhetha umuthi, egxile emandleni abo wezezimali.
Okubi kubalwa izindleko eziphakeme, amalungiselelo okuqala iRosucard, Krestor, Leskol Forte abiza kakhulu.
Kepha emashalofini kuhlala kukhona amaphilisi ashibhile, angaqukatha into efanayo esebenzayo.
Ama-statins asebenza ngempumelelo kakhulu futhi aphephile
Ukuphendula umbuzo wokuthi yiziphi ama-statins angathuthukisa isimo somuntu ngaphandle kokulimala empilweni, kwenziwa ucwaningo oluningi lwesayensi. Ngenxa yalokho, kwavela ukuthi isidakamizwa esisebenzayo futhi esingabizi kakhulu i-Atorvastatin. Endaweni yesibili ayikho ne-Rosuvastatin ethembekile futhi ephumelelayo, futhi okwesithathu - iSimvastatin.
Udokotela angabeka amaphilisi we-atorvastatin we-pathology yesistimu yenhliziyo ne-cholesterol ephezulu yegazi. Lesi sidakamizwa sesizibonakalisile ezifundweni eziningi zemitholampilo futhi ekusebenzeni kufakazele ukuthi singanciphisa ubungozi bokushaywa unhlangothi ngamaphesenti angama-50. Ngokobufakazi bukadokotela, umthamo ungama-40-80 mg ekuseni noma kusihlwa, kuya ngezinga lesifo.
I-Rosuvastatin isidakamizwa esidalwe ngokwenziwa. Inomphumela we-hydrophilic obizwa ngokuthi, oholela ekuncipheni kwemiphumela emibi futhi uyeke ukukhiqizwa kwe-cholesterol embi. Ngokungafani namanye amaphilisi, umuthi awukhubekisi i-myopathy nemisipha.
- Umthamo we-40 mg wehlisa izinga lamazinga aphansi we-lipoprotein ngamaphesenti angama-40 futhi unyusa ukugcwala kwe-cholesterol enhle ngamaphesenti ayi-10.
- Umphumela wokusetshenziswa komuthi ungabonakala ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyisikhombisa, ngemuva kwenyanga umphumela ufinyelela isilinganiso sawo, futhi lesi simo singagcinwa isikhathi eside.
ISimvastatin inganciphisa ingozi yokuthola izifo ze-vascular and inhliziyo ngamaphesenti ayi-10 ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo, unhlangothi, nesifo sikashukela. Uma uthatha umuthi isikhathi eside, ungenza ngokwejwayelekile isilinganiso se-cholesterol embi nokuhle, unciphise ubungozi be-coronary artery thrombosis.
Njengoba odokotela bephawula kuzibuyekezo zabo, ama-statin ayimithi ephephile. Kepha kubalulekile ukufunda imiyalo ngaphambi kokuyisebenzisa, cabanga ngezimpawu zomzimba ngamunye, ulandele ngokucophelela umthamo, qaphela lapho kunezifo ezincane futhi ungazinambitheki.
Ukuthuthukisa isimo esijwayelekile, kunconyelwa ukuthi kwenziwe ama-decoctions amakhambi okwelapha, faka ukudla kwesitshalo kwimenyu, futhi usebenzise izindlela zokuphepha eziphephile ngenkathi upheka.
Izidakamizwa ezifanayo
Isidakamizwa ngasinye esingenhla sinegama elihlukile lokuhweba. Ngakho-ke, udokotela ohambelayo angakunikeza umuthi ofanayo wemvelo noma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngentengo engcono.
Into esebenzayo yeSimvastatin iyisici esingaziwa esinomphumela wokunciphisa we-lipid. Uhlu lwe-analogues lubandakanya iZovatin, Arieskor, Simvakor, Simgal, Vasilip, Zosta, Zokar, Simvastol, Vastatin.
Umuthi wesizukulwane sokuqala uPravastatin ungathathelwa indawo nguPravo Pres, Lipostat. Ama-statins asekwe eLovastatin afaka iMevacor, iLovagexal, iLovacor, i-Apextatin, iRovacor, iHoletar, iCardiostatin, iMedostatin, iLovasterol, iLiprox.
Izidakamizwa ezenziwa e-Atorvastatin zibandakanya u-Tulip, Canon, Atoris, Atorvox, Atomax, Lipitor, Liprimar, Torvakard, Anvistat, Liptonorm. Azikho izifanekiselo ezingasebenzi futhi eziphephile zeRosuvastatin zokunciphisa i-cholesterol yegazi yiRosart, iRosulip, iRoxera, iKrestor, iTevastor, iMertenil, iNovostatin, ne-Akorta.
Izimo zichaziwe kuvidiyo ekulesi sihloko.
