Kubantu asebekhulile nabadala, kunengozi enkulu yokuba nesifo senhliziyo. I-pathology enjalo iyingozi ekuthuthukisweni kwe-myocardial infarction, okugcina kube imbangela yezinguquko ezingenakulungiswa.
Eminye yemiphumela yokuhlaselwa yi-atherosclerotic post-infarction cardiossteosis. Le yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu yesifo senhliziyo esijwayelekile, okuvame ukuthi ngemuva kokuhlupheka kwenhliziyo ihlasele ekufeni komuntu.
Isifo senhliziyo esitholile esingatheleleki sitholwa odokotela kaningi namuhla, njengoba inani lokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo landa nsuku zonke. Okwamanje, i-pathology ihola phambili ngesibalo sokufa kwabantu kusuka kuhlelo lokuthinteka kwenhliziyo. Le nkinga iyasebenza ngisho nasemazweni athuthuke kakhulu ekunakekelweni kwezokwelapha.
Kungani lesi sifo sikhula?
I-Postinfarction atherosclerosis iyindlela yokuxhunyaniswa nokusebenza kokuphazamiseka kwemisipha yenhliziyo. Le pathology inekhodi ye-I 25.2 ngokwe-ICD-10. Izicubu ze-Myocardial esezike zafa ngenxa yokugula zitshintshwa izicubu ezithintekayo, ngenxa yokuthi kwakheka izibazi.
Izicubu ezisanda kwakhiwa zingakhula futhi zikhule ngosayizi ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile. Ngenxa yalokhu, inhliziyo yesiguli iba nkulu futhi ingakwazi ukukhiqiza izinkontileka ezigcwele. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukulethwa kwegazi kuzo zonke izitho zangaphakathi zomuntu kuya kuba kubi.
Kunezizathu eziyinhloko zokuthuthukiswa kwalesi simo. Ikakhulu, i-post-infarction cardiossteosis ingavela ngenxa:
- Ukuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo;
- Ukutholwa kwesifo senhliziyo;
- Ukuba khona kwezifo zenhliziyo nokulimala emithanjeni yegazi;
- Ukuvela kwezinqubo zokuvuvukala emisipha yenhliziyo;
- Ukwephulwa kwemisebenzi yesivumelwano sezindonga zenhliziyo ngametabolism engafanele.
I-Pathology inezigaba eziningana. Ngokuya ngesimo sezibazi ku-myocardium, i-cardiossteosis ingaba:
- Okugxilwe kakhulu nokugxilwe okuncane, lapho ukwakheka kuhluka ngosayizi;
- Ubunzima uma izicubu ezitholakalayo zakha ngendlela efanayo ku-myocardium;
- Ezimweni ezingavamile, kutholakala ukuthi kutholakala izilonda ze-sclerotic ze-valve yenhliziyo.
Udokotela ubuye aqaphele ukuthi isifo sinzima kangakanani. Kuya ngosayizi wezibazi ezakhiwe endaweni yezilonda ze-necrotic zesisipha senhliziyo, ukujula kwezicubu ezonakalisiwe, indawo yokwakheka nenombolo yezazi. Izimpawu zizovela futhi ngokuya ngokuthi uhlelo lwe-neva noma lwe-conduction luthinteka kanjani kabi.
Noma yiluphi uhlobo lwe-pathology luyingozi kakhulu, njengoba isiguli singafa uma singaphathwa kahle. Ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi lesi sifo sizibonakalisa kanjani.
Izimpawu ze-pathology
I-post-infarction atherossteosis ivame ukudala ukungaphatheki kahle kwenhliziyo, ukuqina kwemithambo yegazi, ukuqhuma kwe-aneurysm nezinye izimo eziyingozi. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukwazi izimpawu eziphambili zalesi sifo.
Ukwakheka kwesilonda senhliziyo kuyinto ebulalayo enkulu edinga ukukhonjwa kusenesikhathi. Ukuze uqale ukwelashwa ngendlela yesikhathi futhi uvikele ukufa komuntu, kubalulekile ukunquma i-pathology ngokushesha okukhulu.
Izimpawu zingahlukahluka ngokuya ngokuthi isikhule kangakanani isibalo se-myocardium nokuthi liyini izinga lokulimala kwesitho esibalulekile sangaphakathi. Izimpawu eziphambili ze-cardiosclerosis ziboniswa ngesimo se:
- Ukucindezela izinhlungu e-sternum, ukungakhululeki eduze kwenhliziyo;
- I-Tachycardia;
- Ukwanda okukhulu komfutho wegazi ngamaphuzu angama-20 noma ngaphezulu;
- Ukuphefumula okufushane, okuzibonisa zombili ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca ngokomzimba, futhi kusesimweni esizolile;
- Ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kwamaphethelo aphansi nangaphezulu, izinguquko kumbala wezindebe;
- I-Arrhythmias ngenxa yokwephulwa kwesimo semigwaqo;
- Umuzwa ongapheli, okqhubekayo wokukhathala, wehla amandla;
- Ukwehla kwesisindo okubalulekile, kwesinye isikhathi kuhambisana ne-anorexia nokukhathala okuphelele;
- I-Edema emilenzeni ngenxa yokuqongelela uketshezi emzimbeni;
- Ukwanda ngosayizi wesibindi.
Noma yikuphi ukubonakaliswa kokwephula umthetho kudinga ukuxhumana ngokushesha nodokotela wezokwelapha kanye ne-cardiologist. Ngokusekelwe kwimiphumela yokuhlolwa nomlando wezokwelapha, udokotela uzokhetha ukwelashwa okulungile.
Ukuxilongwa kwalesi sifo
Uma kukhona izinsolo zokuthi izibazi zakha i-myocardium, udokotela kufanele adlulisele isiguli ekuhlolweni kokuxilonga. Lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuthi umise i-pathology ngesikhathi futhi uvikele ukuthuthukiswa kwe-postinfarction cardiossteosis.
Kufanele unake nakanjani uma umuntu enezikhalazo zokwanda njalo komfutho wegazi, ukwephulwa kwesigqi senhliziyo, ukubukeka komsindo nezwi elithambile enhliziyweni.
Izinhlobo ezilandelayo zokuxilonga zisetshenziselwa ukukhomba isifo:
- Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwangaphandle, ngenkathi elalele amathoni enhliziyo, udokotela angabona ukuthambeka kwamathoni okuqala, ukububula kwesystyl eduze kwe-mitral valve, isigqi esisheshayo sokushaya kwenhliziyo.
- Ngokwemiphumela yokudlula kwe-electrocardiogram, ungabona izilonda ngemuva kokudluliswa kwe-myocardial infarction. Futhi, ukushintshanisa izinguquko ku-myocardium, i-hypertrophy engakwesobunxele kanye nokungena kwesokudla, isici emisipheni yenhliziyo, nokuvinjwa kwemilenze yesishuqulu Sakhe kuvame ukutholwa.
- Ukuhlolwa kwenhliziyo ye-Ultrasound kukuvumela ukuthi uhlole umsebenzi wesibeletho we-myocardium, uthole izibazi nezinguquko ngosayizi wenhliziyo.
- Ngesikhathi se-x-ray yesifuba, ukwanda okuncane komthamo wenhliziyo kungatholwa.
- I-Echocardiography ithathwa njengeyona ndlela efundisayo kunazo zonke, ngosizo lolu hlobo lokuxilongwa udokotela unethuba lokulandela indawo nesisindo sezicubu ezonakalisiwe. Ngendlela efanayo, kutholakala i-aneurysm yenhliziyo kanye nokwephulwa kwemisebenzi yesivumelwano.
- Ukuthola isilonda sezicubu eziguquliwe ezingabambi iqhaza ekwakhiweni kwenhliziyo, kwenziwa i-positron emission tomography.
- Thola ukuthi imithambo ye-coronary imincane kangakanani, ivumela i-angiography.
- Ungahlola ukusakazwa kwe-coronary ngokwenza i-angiography ye-coronary.
Ukwelashwa kwe-post-infarction cardiossteosis
Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi le ndlela yokusebenza, ehambisana nokwenziwa kwezibazi emisipha yenhliziyo, ayelashwa. Ukwelashwa kwenziwa ukuze kulondolozwe impilo, ukuvikela ukukhula kwezinkinga, ukubambezela inqubo yokuqhekeka kwezicubu nokususa imbangela yalesi sifo.
Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kukuvumela ukuthi uyeke ukuhlukunyezwa kwezicubu zenhliziyo, uthuthukise isimo semithambo yegazi, uguqule ukujikeleza kwegazi, ubuyisele isigqi esijwayelekile sesitho esibalulekile, uvikele nokufa kweseli.
Ngemuva kokwenza izivivinyo ezidingekayo kanye nokutadisha okuningiliziwe kwesimo sohlelo lwezinhliziyo, udokotela unquma umuthi futhi akhethe umthamo ofanele. Kulokhu, umuntu akufanele azibandakanye nokuzilapha.
- Ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwe-ACE inhibitors, inqubo yokuncipha kwe-myocardial yehlisa ijubane, ngaphezu kwalokho, izidakamizwa zisiza ngomfutho wegazi ophakeme;
- Ama-anticoagulants awavumeli ukuhlukaniswa kwegazi kwakhiwe futhi kunciphise igazi;
- Izidakamizwa zeMetabolic zithuthukisa umsoco we-myocyte, zijwayeze imetabolism ezicutshini zemisipha yenhliziyo;
- AmaBeta-blockers athathwa ukuvikela ukuthuthukiswa kwama-arrhythmias;
- Ukususa uketshezi oluqongelelekile emzimbeni futhi uqede i-puffiness, kusetshenziswa ama-diuretics.
- Uma kwenzeka izinhlungu ezinzima, kunconywa umuthi wobuhlungu.
Uma icala linzima, sebenzisa indlela yokwelashwa - khipha i-aneurysm nge-coronary artery bypass grafting. Ukwenza ngcono ukusebenza kwezicubu ze-myocardial ezisebenzayo, i-balloon angioplasty noma i-stenting iyenziwa.
Uma isiguli siphinde sibuyele ekuvuseleleni i-ventricular arrhythmia, kuchazwe i-cardio Converter defibrillator.
Ngokuxilongwa kwe-atrioventricular block, kwethulwa i-pacemaker kagesi.
Izindlela zokuvimbela
Ngaphezu kwalokho, isiguli kufanele sinamathele ekudleni okukhethekile kokulapha. Kubalulekile ukulahla ukudla okunosawoti futhi okunamafutha, uphuzo oludakayo, nekhofi ngangokunokwenzeka.
Isiguli kufanele silahle imikhuba emibi, sisebenzise ukwelashwa ngokomzimba, silawule isisindo saso, siqaphe ukugcwala kwe-cholesterol ne-glucose egazini. Izikhathi ezithile, kufanele uthole ukwelashwa esikhungweni sezempilo
Kuzodingeka ukushiya ukuzivocavoca okunzima komzimba kanye nemidlalo. Kodwa akunakwenzeka ukumisa ngokuphelele imfundo yezomzimba. Kunconywa ukwenza njalo ukuhamba okulula emoyeni omusha, ukwenza izivivinyo zokwelapha.
Kunzima kakhulu ukubikezela inkambo yalesi sifo, ngoba okuningi kuncike esimweni esivamile sesiguli nasezingeni lokulimala kwezicubu zomzimba zenhliziyo.
- Uma isiguli esinenhliziyo singenazo izimpawu zokuphimisa, lokhu kungakhombisa isimo esivumayo.
- Lapho kukhona izinkinga ezifana ne-arrhythmia, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, ukwelashwa isikhathi eside kuyadingeka.
- Uma kutholakala ukuthi une-aneurysm iyingozi empilweni yomuntu.
Ukuze ungafaki lesi simo, kufanele ulandele indlela yokuphila enempilo, uqaphe isimo sohlelo lwezinhliziyo, vakashela njalo udokotela futhi uhlole i-electrocardiography. Uma kwenzeka kunanoma yikuphi ukusola kwesifo se-coronary, kunqunywa imithi esiza ukuqinisa inhliziyo, kusetshenziswa nemithi yokulwa nama-arrhythmias namavithamini.
Ngemuva kokuhlaselwa i-myocardial infarction, kuyadingeka ukubhekisisa impilo ukuze uvikele ukuthuthukiswa kwe-atherosranceosis yangemuva kokuqothuka kwenhliziyo. Isifo esiyingozi esinjalo uma kungekho ukwelashwa okufanele futhi okufanele kungadala ukufa. Kepha, uma usiphatha kahle isimo sakho, ungamisa ukuthuthukiswa kwe-pathology ngangokunokwenzeka futhi wandise isikhathi sokuphila iminyaka eminingi.
Ukuthi ululama kanjani ekuhlaselweni yisifo senhliziyo kuchazwe kuvidiyo kule ndatshana.
