Isifo sezinso siyindlela yokusebenza ebucayi edinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha kwezokwelapha kanye nenkambo yokwelashwa.
Enye ye-pathologies ebaluleke kakhulu i-atherosulinosis yemithambo yezinso.
Lesi sifo siyingozi ngoba esigabeni sokuqala sokukhula kwaso kwezinguquko ze-atherosclerotic zenzeka ngaphandle kokuvela kwezimpawu eziphinyisiwe, eziqinisa kakhulu inqubo yokuxilongwa kwe-renal atherossteosis.
Isikhathi esithile ngemuva kokuqala kokukhula kwalesi sifo, siqala ukuziveza sinezimpawu ezithile, sikhombisa ukwanda kwalesi sifo. Kulesi sigaba, ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi kudinga isikhathi esiningi nomzamo.
Uma kunokusolwa kokuqala kokuphulwa kokusebenza kwezinso, kufanele uthintane nomtholampilo ngokushesha ukuze uthole izeluleko kudokotela wakho, futhi wenze nezinqubo ezidingekayo zokuhlolwa komzimba.
Imininingwane ejwayelekile ngalesi sifo
Umnyombo wokugula ukuthi ama-lipoprotein aphansi futhi aphansi kakhulu aqongelela egazini, okuthi, okufakwe ezindongeni zemithambo yemithambo yegazi, enze amafomu abizwa ngokuthi yi-cholesterol plaques.
Ukukhula kwalezi zinhlobo kufaka ukuhamba kwegazi okujwayelekile futhi kancane kancane kuholele ekuqhekekeni kwe-lumen yemithambo ye-arterial.
Ukuvaleka kwemithambo ye-arterial ephethe igazi ezinso kuholela ekunciphiseni kokuhamba kwegazi, okuthinta kabi ukusebenza kwemisebenzi ebekelwe yona.
Ukusebenza kwalezi zitho ezibunjiwe ngokuqondile kuya ngekhwalithi yokunikezwa kwegazi.
Ngenqubo yokuqhubeka kwezifo, umzimba wesiguli uqala ukukhiqiza ngokunamandla i-renin ye-hormone. Le khompiyutha esebenza ngokusebenzayo isiza ukukhulisa ukuhamba kwegazi. Ngenxa yalezi zinqubo, kukhona ukugcwala kwesistimu yemithambo yegazi enegazi. Imithambo engena ohlelweni iqala ukugcwala igazi, okucasulayo ukwelula kwabo ubukhulu obukhulu. Lokhu kuholela ekunciphiseni odongeni kanye nokulahleka kwayo kwe-elasticity. Njengoba sesithuthukisiwe lesi sifo, kungaqhuma imithambo.
Ukuvalwa kwe-lumen kwemithambo kuholela ekubukekeni nasekuqhubekeni kokuhluleka kwe-renal. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izinso zithola inani elilinganiselwe legazi, futhi, ngenxa yalokho, kunokuntuleka kwezakhi zomzimba nomoya-mpilo.
Ezibangeni zokuqala kakhulu zokuthuthuka kwe-atherossteosis, isiguli asizizwa siwohloka empilweni nezinguquko enhlalakahleni.
Izimpawu ezejwayelekile zivele ngemuva kokuvela kwezinkinga zokuqala ezenziwa yisimo se-vascular system.
Uma kungekho ukwelashwa okwanele, ukuqhubekela phambili kwalesi sifo kuholela ku-renal izicubu ze-necrosis.
Izigaba zokukhula kwe-pathology
Ngenxa yezifundo, kwatholakala ukuthi lesi sifo ekukhuleni kwaso sinezigaba eziningana.
Isigaba ngasinye sesifo sihluka sobabili lapho sikhona izimpawu zesimo kanye nasezingeni lokulimala kohlelo lwezinso lwezinso.
Kunezigaba ezintathu zokukhula kwalesi sifo, ezinomehluko omkhulu phakathi kwazo.
Izigaba zesifo zibonakaliswa yizimpawu ezilandelayo:
- Isigaba sokuqala - isiteji singekho emthethweni futhi sibalulekile. Ukuba khona kwezinguquko ezinso kulesisigaba kungakhombisa kuphela ukusetshenziswa kwe-macrodrug phakathi kwezifundo ezikhethekile. Kulesi sigaba, i-atherosclerosis yenzeka isikhathi eside.
- Isigaba sesibili sibonisa ukwakheka kwama-atherosulinotic plaque, okuthikameza kancane kancane ukuthutha kwegazi ngohlelo lwe-vascular. Kulesi sigaba ekuthuthukisweni kwalesi sifo, ukwakheka kweziqeshana zegazi - isigaxa segazi yisimo, esidalwa ukwephulwa okukhulu kwenqubo yokuhambisa igazi.
- Isigaba sesithathu ekuqhubekeni kwesifo yisigaba sokukhula okusebenzayo kwezinkinga ezibangelwa ukuhamba kwegazi okungenampilo kanye nokudla kwezicubu zezinso. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukufa kweseli kwenzeka ngenxa yokuntuleka kwezakhamzimba nomoya-mpilo. Izicubu zezitho zomzimba zithola i-necrosis futhi ngemuva kwalokho zithathelwe indawo yizicubu ezithinta izicubu.
Isigaba sokugcina sibonakaliswa ngokwakhiwa kwenani elikhulu le-cholesterol deposits. Ngalesi sikhathi, izinso ziyeka ukwenza imisebenti eyabelwe zona, okuholela ekubukekeni kwezehluleki kwezinso.
Ukuthuthuka kwalesi sifo esigabeni sesithathu kuholela ekwandeni komthwalo osemisipha yenhliziyo. Isiguli sinazo izimpawu zomfutho wegazi ophakeme.
Izimbangela ezinkulu zalesi sifo
Kunezici eziningana nezimbangela zokubonakala kwe-atherosulinosis yohlelo lwe-renal vascular system.
Umthelela walezi zinto uholela ekwephulekeni kokwethembeka kodonga lwe-vascular kanye nokuwohloka kwezakhiwo zalo ezivikelayo
Zonke izinto ezisengozini zingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amabili ayinhloko - ziyaguquka futhi zingashintshi.
Izici ezinobungozi ezihlukahlukene zifaka okulandelayo:
- ukungaziphathi kahle;
- ukwephulwa kwemithetho yesiko lokudla;
- ukuntuleka kokuzivocavoca umzimba;
- ukubhema;
- ukusetshenziswa kabi kotshwala;
- izifo zesistimu yenhliziyo, okuholela ekwandeni okuqhubekayo komfutho wegazi;
- ukuba khona kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 kwisiguli;
- ukuba khona kwe-plasma yegazi cholesterol ephezulu;
- ukukhuluphala
Izici zengozi ezingapheli zibandakanya okulandelayo:
- Inqubo yokuguga yomzimba.
- Ukuba khona kwesiphetho sendlalifa ekuthuthukisweni kwezifo zengqondo.
- Ukuhlelwa okungelonajwayelekile kwemithambo yegazi ezithweni.
- Ukuba khona kwe-pathology ye-congenital in development.
Ukuvela kwezinguquko ze-atherosulinotic emithanjeni ye-renal kungabangelwa njengokuthuthuka kwezifo ezihambisanayo emzimbeni wesiguli, njengokukhula kweseli kwe-atypical kwezicubu zemithambo yegazi enegalelo ekunciphiseni i-lumen; ukukhuphuka kwemithambo yegazi ngevolumu; ukwakheka kweziqeshana zegazi.
ukuthuthukiswa kwe-atherosulinosis yemikhumbi yezinso kuvame ukuthuthuka engxenyeni yowesilisa. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi emadodeni lolu hlobo lwesifo luvela ngokwesilinganiso eminyakeni eyi-10 ngaphambili kunabesifazane. Lokhu kungenxa yokuba khona kwenani elikhulu le-estrogen emzimbeni wowesifazane, okuvimbela ukwakheka kwama-cholesterol plaques.
Amathuba okuqala kwalesi sifo emadodeni nakwabesifazane alinganiswa iminyaka engama-50, lapho kuba nokuphela komsebenzi wokuzala wesifazane nokwenziwa kwe-estrogen kuyehla.
Izimpawu izici zesifo
Isimo se-Symbomatology senkinga yokugula okuthuthukayo sikhulu kakhulu.
Imvamisa, isikhalazo esiyinhloko sesiguli ukuba khona komfutho wegazi ophikelelayo. Ebantwini, ukuthuthukiswa kokuqina komfutho kuyabonakala.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwezimpawu zokuqina komfutho wegazi kungumphumela wokuphazamiseka kokujikeleza kwegazi.
Uma i-artery eyodwa ihlaselwa i-lesical ye-pathological, izimpawu ezibonisa ukuthi lesi sifo sincane. Lapho imithambo yomzimba noma i-aorta yesisu ilimele, lapho igazi lingena emithanjeni ye-renal, i-atherossteosis ithola uphawu olubekiwe.
Isiguli sinokubonakala kwezimpawu ezilandelayo nezimpawu zomonakalo emithanjeni yegazi:
- Kuqhamuke ikhanda elinzima.
- Isiguli sizwa ukuhlukana nobuthakathaka emzimbeni wonke.
- Kunezinkinga ngomchamo.
- Ubuhlungu buvela esifundeni se-lumbar ne-groin.
- Kwezinye izimo, izinhlungu emhlane ongezansi zingahambisana noxanuzelelo nokuhlanza.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, isiguli sinamazinga okushisa omzimba ancishisiwe. Imvamisa, ukugula okuhambisana nalesi sifo kungabonakala esigulini kusuka emahoreni ambalwa kuya ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.
Ukubonakaliswa okubaluleke kakhulu kwalesi sifo ukuncipha kwenqwaba yama-potassium ion ku-plasma yegazi. Lesi sici sokuxilonga sincike ngqo esigabeni salesi sifo kanye nezinga lokuqhubeka kwalo.
Ngokuthuthuka kwe-atherosclerosis esigulini esithanda ukuthambekela kokuchama kwemichamo yesiguli, kungabonakala ukungcola kwamaprotheni namaseli abomvu egazi. Lezi zingxenye zibonisa ukuba khona kwenqubo ye-pathological eyephula ukuqina kwezindonga zemikhumbi emincane.
Njengomphumela wokusebenza okunganele kwemisebenzi yabo yizinso, umzimba unciphisa ukwenziwa kwe-enzyme, renin.
Kungokwephulwa kokukhiqizwa kwe-renin lapho ukukhiqizwa komchamo okungeyona ejwayelekile kanye nokuba khona kokungcoliswa kokungcola kwe-uncharacteristic kuyo.
Ngenxa yalokhu, lesi sifo sinomphumela obonakalayo enkambisweni yokuhlanjululwa kwegazi yizinso, okuholela ekubonakaleni kwezakhi ezingekho emthethweni emchameni.
Ukwehluka okungathandeki kakhulu kwemicimbi ukuthuthukiswa kwe-ischemic nephropathy eyingozi ngenxa ye-atherossteosis.
Le nkinga ikhombisa ukuthi ukuvaleka kwemithambo enenombolo enkulu yezikhonkwane kwenzeke.
Kulokhu, lesi simo senzeka ngokuzumayo futhi sihambisana nokuhluleka kwezinso, ukuntuleka komchamo kanye nobuhlungu obukhulu.
Ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kwalesi sifo
Ukuthola lesi sifo, kusetshenziswa izindlela zokuhlonza nokwenziwa kwelabhorethri zokuxilonga nokuxilonga.
Ukuhlolwa kwelebhu kufaka ukuhlolwa kwegazi kanye ne-urinalysis.
Ukunquma isigaba se-atherosclerosis semithambo ye-renal, kusetshenziswa izindlela ezinamandla zokuhlola.
Izindlela ezisetshenziselwa ukuthola lesi sifo yilezi:
- I-Ultrasound
- ikhompyutha kanye ne-magnetic resonance therapy;
- i-angiography isebenzisa i-complication ehlukile;
- ukubona ngemithambo yegazi nokutholwa kwamandla egazi okugeleza.
Ngosizo lokuhlaziywa kwelabhoratri, lizinga le-moeine egazini linqunywa ukuthi ubukhulu bokwehluleka kwezinso bunganqunywa kanjani.
I-Angiography ikuvumela ukuthi usungule ngokunembile imbangela ye-atherosclerosis yemikhumbi yezinso.
Ukwelashwa, kusetshenziswa kokubili ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa nokungenelela kokuhlinzwa.
Kungenzeka ukwelapha lesi sifo ngosizo lokwelashwa ngezidakamizwa, ushintsho lwendlela yokuphila nokuhambisana nokudla ekudleni okuqala kokukhula kwayo. Lesi sifo sisebenza kakhulu ezigabeni zokuqala zokwelashwa.
Ukwelashwa kwe-pathology kufanele kwenziwe ngaphansi kokuqondisa udokotela.
Njengomuthi, lapho wenza ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa, kusetshenziswa izidakamizwa zamaqembu ahlukahlukene emithi.
Le mithi yile:
- Vitamin complexes.
- Izidakamizwa ezivimbela ukwakheka kweziqeshana zegazi.
- Amaphilisi wokunciphisa isimo semithambo yegazi.
- Izidakamizwa ze-antispasmodic.
- I-Nicotinic acid
- Izidakamizwa zeVasodilator
- Izikhathi zokuhlangene ze-bile acid, ama-statins nama-fibrate izidakamizwa ezithinta i-cholesterol esegazini.
Uma kungekho khona amandla avumayo kusuka ekwelashweni kwezidakamizwa noma uma kutholakala ukugula okukhona ezweni elithuthukile, baphendukela ekwelashweni kwalesi sifo ngokungenelela kokuhlinzwa.
Lapho kuqhubeka ukungenelela okunjalo, kufakwa i-stent esitsheni ukuze kungavinjeki. Uma kunesidingo, indawo ethintekile yomkhumbi iyasuswa bese kuthathwa okusha okusha kwesinye isitho.
I-Atherossteosis ichazwa kuvidiyo kule ndatshana.
