I-Atherossteosis ingesinye sezifo ezivame kakhulu, ibonakaliswa ngokufakwa kwamafutha athile odongeni lwemithambo yegazi, ukulahleka kokuqina kwawo kanye nokwakheka kwezigaba zegazi. Noma yiziphi izindawo zohlelo lokujikeleza ezithintekile, zingaba yimithambo yemilenze, intamo, isisu sesisu nezinye.
Lesi sifo sibanga izinhlekelele zemithambo, siba imbangela enkulu yokufa okuphezulu nokukhubazeka. I-Cerebral atherossteosis iyingozi ikakhulukazi, ingavusa ukuwohloka komqondo, unhlangothi.
Imvamisa, i-atherossteosis ithinta iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Imbangela enkulu yalesi sifo ukugcwala okuthiwa yi-low-density cholesterol egazini. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka ngokudla okungafanele, okungenakulinganiswa okugcwele ukudla okunezipayisi, okuthosiwe nokunamafutha.
Isidingo sokukhuphuka kwamazinga cholesterol omubi ukusetshenziswa kabi kotshwala. Zonke izinto, zihlangene, zivusa ukwephulwa okukhulu kwama-metabolism wamafutha. Engcupheni, iziguli ezingaphezulu kweminyaka engama-45 phambi kwezifo ezibakhona.
Kungenzeka yini ukuthi welaphe isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yenhliziyo noma yemilenze? Odokotela abakwazi ukuphendula lo mbuzo ngokungenambangi. Konke kuncike ekujuleni kwesifo kanye nesimo sempilo yomuntu ogulayo.
Izindlela zokwelapha isifo
Uma udokotela ekutholile isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi, ungalahli ithemba bese uphela amandla. Izigaba zokuqala zesifo ziphathwa ngokuphelele, udinga nje ukucabanga kabusha ngemikhuba yakho yokudla nendlela yakho yokuphila. Isifo sikashukela, uma engakaze akwenze lokhu ngaphambili, kufanele ayeke ukubhema, angabuphuzi utshwala. I-Nikotine notshwala buyasithinta kabi isimo sohlelo lokuthinta kwenhliziyo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukunaka ukudla. Ukusuka kumenyu susa ukudla ngesilinganiso esikhulu samafutha ezilwane, namakhekhe namasoso ayingozi. Ungacabangi ukuthi ukwehlisa inkomba ye-cholesterol empeleni kunikezela ngemikhawulo ebuhlungu futhi eqinile yokudla. Eqinisweni, ngisho nangezinguquko ze-atherosclerotic, ungadla ngokunambitheka futhi ngokuhlukahluka, ngenkathi ungahlupheki yindlala.
Imifino kufanele ibe khona etafuleni; izithelo okusanhlamvu; ukudla kwasolwandle.
Isincomo sesibili esisebenzayo sokwelashwa kwe-atherosclerosis siyindlela evivinya umzimba. Ngokwezibalo, cishe ama-60% abantu abanesifo sikashukela abasola i-atherosclerosis bakhuluphele, baphila impilo yokuhlala.
Udinga ukuzivocavoca njalo noma okungenani zama ukuhambisa okuningi. Iziguli zilungele kahle ukuhamba okude, ukuhamba ngebhayisikile, ukubhukuda. Amakilasi aqinisa kahle imithambo yegazi, inhliziyo, asize ukulahlekelwa hhayi isisindo kuphela, kepha futhi nento efana namafutha.
Ngabe i-atherossteosis iyelapheka? Uma lesi sifo siqhubeka, udokotela uncoma inkambiso yezidakamizwa okuhloswe ngayo ekulweni naso.
Lapho ukwelashwa okulondolozekayo kwehluleka, ukuphathwa kokuhlinzwa kubalulekile.
Ukwelashwa okuqondayo
Ukwelashwa kwe-atherossteosis, kudingeka ukudla okuyisipesheli, uma kunganiki umphumela, kuboniswa ukusetshenziswa kwemithi. Ama-figrate, ama-statins, ama-nicotinic acid kanye nama-acid asemuva kwamafutha asungulwe kahle. Izidakamizwa zenza umsebenzi omuhle kakhulu ngokukhula kwe-cholesterol, ukuphuma kwe-vascular.
Noma ngabe kunemiphumela emibi, la maqembu ezidakamizwa athuthukisa kakhulu impilo yasesigulini.
Ngokusebenzisa isikhathi eside ama-statins, umzimba uphelelwa amandla okuqongelela i-cholesterol ephansi bese ukhipha okuthe xaxa egazini. Uma isiguli sesiphathwe ngama-statin isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka emibili, amathuba okufa ngenxa ye-atherosclerosis ehla ngokushesha ngama-30%.
Ama-figrate aboniswa ukunciphisa ukwehla kwama-lipoprotein aphansi kakhulu futhi aphansi kakhulu, kunciphisa ingozi yokuthola isifo senhliziyo. Ngenxa yokusebenzisa isikhathi eside ama-fatty acid sequestrants, i-cholesterol ingahle yenziwe ejwayelekile, futhi ngenxa ye-nicotinic acid, izinga lama-lipoprotein aphezulu liyanda.
Ngaphezu kwemithi, kunconywa ukuthatha:
- amavithamini;
- izakhiwo zamaminerali;
- Izithako zokudla.
Bafaka isandla ekubuyiselweni komzimba kanye nasekuwulondolozeni. Ngeke kube yinto engelutho ukwenza ezinye izindlela zokwelashwa.
Ungazama ukufaka inani elincane legalikhi ekudleni. Imifino isiza ukuhlanza umzimba wezinto ezinobuthi futhi ihlanze imithambo yegazi. Ama-clove ambalwa kagalikhi aqoshiwe kahle, adluliselwe engilazini, afakwa nge-100 g wejusi wewolintshi noma amanzi acwebile ahlanzekile. Swall uketshezi ngaphandle kokuhlafuna ugarliki. Ngenxa yalokhu, izinzuzo zezempilo zibalulekile, futhi akukho phunga elingajabulisi elivela emgodini womlomo.
Iziguli eziningi zincoma ukudla isinkwa se-rye ngokumelene ne-cholesterol. Kuyemukelwa ngokuvamile ukuthi umkhiqizo uvimbela ukuvalwa kwemithambo yegazi. Amazambane aluhlaza anezici ezifanayo.
Uju lwezemvelo lusetshenziswa njenge-ejenti yokwelapha; lugayeka kalula futhi lumunwa ngumzimba womuntu.
Nsuku zonke, ngaphambi kokulala, baphuza ingilazi yamanzi afudumele ngokufakwa nesipuni esikhulu soju noshukela omncane kalamula.
Ukwelashwa kokuhlinzwa
Ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa esimweni esibi kakhulu, lapho isiguli singasakwazi ukubekezelela izinhlungu. Ukungenela ukususwa kwemikhumbi elimele. Ngemuva kwayo, isiguli siba ngcono kakhulu, imizwa engakhululekile idlula ngaphandle komkhondo.
Ukusebenza kuyindlela yokugcina. Ukungenelela kuyenziwa futhi ukuvikela izinkinga eziyingozi ze-atherossteosis. Namuhla, izindlela eziningana zokuxazulula inkinga yezempilo zisetshenziswa ngenkuthalo, zisiza ukwelapha ngokuphelele isifo sokuqina kwemvelo.
I-Angioplasty ne-stenting
Lezi zindlela zihlukile, kepha zisetshenziswa ndawonye ukuvikela ubunzima. I-Angioplasty isiza ukuvala ingxenye elimele yomthambo wegazi ngezinto zokwenziwa. Bese ukhiqiza stent somkhumbi, ukuvimbela cramping kanye nomonakalo ophindaphindwayo artery.
Kusetshenziswa lezi zindlela, lesi sifo siziveza ngezinga elincane. Uma kuthinteka isimo esingezansi, onesifo sikashukela udlula kobuhlungu, futhi impilo yakhe iba ngcono. Kubalulekile ukuthi ungakhohlwa ukuthi amandla amahle atholakala kuphela ngendlela ehlanganisiwe ye-pathology. Lapho kulimala imilenze, kubalulekile ukugxila ekuziqeqesheni, ngaphandle kwalokho kunengozi yokuhlulwa kabusha.
I-Coronary artery idlula ngokuxhunyelelwa
Inqubo yenziwa uma i-atherossteosis ifinyelele esigabeni sokugcina, futhi amaphilisi nokudla akusizi. Kulesi sigaba sesifo, isiguli sinezinkinga ezingapheli endaweni yesifuba (i-angina pectoris), engeke iqedwe ngokuthatha i-Nitroglycerin. Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, kwakheka ukugeleza kwegazi okwadlula.
Ukuhlinzwa kweBypass kukhonjiswa lapho ukunqwabelana komkhumbi kungenzeki ngenxa yama-cholesterol plaques. I-vein yemikhawulo ephansi ithathwa njenge-shunt. Njengoba imithambo inama-valves, kufanele ibuyiselwe ngaphambi kokuthunga, isize ukuphuma kwegazi ngaphandle kokuvinjwa.
Ngenxa yalokho:
- imithambo yegazi ihlinzeka ngosizo emisipha yenhliziyo;
- ukuphuma kwegazi akupheli;
- isimo sesiguli siyathuthuka.
Emilenzeni, ukungenelela ngeke kudale ingozi, ngoba inethiwekhi ye-venous emaphethelweni aphansi yathuthukiswa kahle. Ukulahleka kwamasentimitha ambalwa kuzochaphazeleka.
Ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, ubungozi besiyingi esisha sesi sifo buncane, kepha sikhuphuka kancane ngeshumi ngalinye leminyaka. Ngakho-ke, isiguli kufanele siqhubeke nokuhola indlela yokuphila enempilo futhi sidle kahle. Lokhu kuphela okuzokwelapha i-atherosclerosis.
Ukwakhiwa kabusha kwemithambo ye-cerebral
Akuyona imfihlo ukuthi i-atherossteosis ithinta noma imiphi imithambo emzimbeni womuntu. Akukho okuhlukile, nemikhumbi yokudla okuzala. Odokotela sebakhe izindlela ezikhethekile zokwelapha le mithambo yegazi.
Akuwona ama-plaque kuphela akwazi ukudala ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi, kodwa futhi nezixhaxha zegazi eziye zaphuma emkhunjini. Ijazi legazi lingasuswa kuphela ngokuhlinzwa. Udokotela uthunga isigaxa esincane esizeni esisebenzayo, esingeke sivumele umkhumbi:
- shwabana
- ukwandisa;
- ukuphazamisa ukuhamba kwegazi.
Uma ungenzi ukuhlinzwa ngesikhathi, ngemuva kwesikhashana onesifo sikashukela uzoba nesifo sohlangothi. Umcimbi uchazwa kalula - amangqamuzana obuchopho azwela kakhulu ukuntuleka komoya-mpilo kanye nezakhi zomzimba.
Ukwelashwa kwe-aortic aneurysm
I-complication ye-atherosclerosis edinga ukwelashwa kokuhlinzwa yi-aneurysm ye-aortic. Uma kwenzeka ukuphazamiseka kwe-aortic, isiguli sizofa ngokuqhuma kwamaminithi athile. Imvamisa, ukunwetshwa kwenziwa endaweni esifundeni sesisu, ngoba kulapho inani elikhulu lamagatsha litholakala khona.
Ngesilonda esibi, isiguli sizozwa izinhlungu eziqine kakhulu futhi ezibukhali emhlane ongemuva nesisu. Awukho umuthi oletha impumuzo, izinhlungu zikhuphuka ngaso leso sikhathi. I-Aneurysm ingelashwa kuphela ngokuhlinzwa.
Udokotela ususa indawo ye-convex, abese enza i-prosthetics, resection, noma ukuhlinzwa okudlula lapho. Lapho isifo sikashukela ngemuva kokuhlinzwa singahambisani nezincomo, isifo singabuya ngokushesha.
Njengoba ubona, i-atherossteosis yisifo esiyingozi futhi esisobayo, ngakho-ke kulula kakhulu ukusivimbela. Izincomo ezilula zizokuvumela ukuthi uzizwe umuhle futhi ungadalulwa ezinkingeni ezinkulu.
I-Atherossteosis ichazwa kuvidiyo kule ndatshana.
