Isimo somfutho wegazi ezinganeni nakubantu abadala

Umfutho wegazi ungamandla athile lapho igazi licindezela khona odongeni lwemithambo yegazi. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi igazi aligcini nje ukugeleza, kepha liqhutshwa ngenhloso ngosizo lwemisipha yenhliziyo, elandisa umphumela walo wokusebenza ezindongeni zemithambo. Ukugeleza kwegazi kuhambisana nokusebenza kwenhliziyo.

Ngakho-ke, izinga lokucindezela lilinganiswa kusetshenziswa izinkomba ezimbili: okuphezulu (i-systolic) - kuqoshwa ngaleso sikhathi sokuphumula kwemisipha yenhliziyo futhi kukhombisa izinga eliphansi lokumelana kwemisipha, i-diastolic ephansi - kukalwa ngesikhathi sokwehliswa kwemisipha yenhliziyo, kuyisibonakaliso sokumelana kwemisipha ukuphendula ukushaqeka kwegazi.

Umehluko ongabalwa phakathi kwalezi zinkomba ubizwa ngokuthi yi-pulse pressure. Inani layo livame ukusuka ku-30 ​​liye ku-50 mm Hg. futhi kuya ngeminyaka nangesikhathi esejwayelekile yomuntu.

Ngokuvamile, inkomba efana nomfutho wegazi ilinganiswa engalweni, yize ezinye izindlela zinokwenzeka.

Namuhla, ama-tonometer asetshenziselwa ukukala ingcindezi, eyehluka ngezimpawu zawo. Njengomthetho, banentengo engabizi futhi isetshenziswa ngabantu abaningi ekhaya.

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zeziqaphi zokucindezela kwegazi:

1. Tame. Uma isetshenziswa, kusetshenziswa i-stethoscope ukunquma ingcindezi. Umoya ukhuphukile ngethanga, ngesandla;
2. Ezenzakalelayo. Umoya uphonswa ngeparele, kepha ukufunda kwengcindezelo kuzenzakalela;
3. Ngokuzenzakalelayo. Imishini ezisebenza ngokuphelele. Umoya udonswa yimoto bese umphumela ulinganiswa ngokuzenzakalelayo.

Umgomo wokusebenza kwe-tonometer ulula impela, futhi inqubo inezinyathelo:

• I-cuff ilimele ngemuva kwehlombe, lapho kufakwe umoya ngeparele elikhethekile;
• Ngemuva kwalokho wehla kancane;
• Ukuzimisela kwezinkomba zokucindezela kwenzeka ngenxa yokulungiswa komsindo ovela emithanjeni ngesikhathi sokushintsha kwengcindezi. Umfutho we-cuff, ophawulwa lapho kuvela umsindo, yi-systolic ephezulu, futhi ehambelana nesiphelo sayo - okuphansi.

Imiphumela yokulinganiselwa kwengcindezi kuma-digital blood pressure monitors ahlala ekhonjiswa ngamadijithi amathathu. Owokuqala wabo ukhomba izinkomba zokucindezela kwe-systolic, elesibili libonisa ingcindezi ye-diastolic, bese elesithathu libonisa ukushaya komuntu (inani lokushaya kwenhliziyo ngomzuzu owodwa).

Ukuthola imiphumela efanelekile, imigomo elandelayo kufanele ilandelwe ngaphambi kokulinganisa ingcindezi:

1. Isiguli sithatha isikhundla sokuhlala kahle;
2. Ngesikhathi senqubo, akunconywa ukuhamba nokukhuluma;
3. Ngaphambi kokulinganisa, udinga ukuhlala ekuphumuleni imizuzu eminingana;
4. Akunconywa ukuzivocavoca ngaphambi kwenqubo futhi uphuze ikhofi notshwala.

Ekamelweni lapho isilinganiso senziwa khona, kufanele kube khona okushisa okuphakathi lapho isiguli sizwa ukuthi sikhululekile. Maphakathi nehlombe, lapho kufakwa kuwo i-cuff, kufanele okungenani libe elilinganayo nesifuba. Kuhle ukubeka isandla sakho etafuleni. Akunconywa ukubeka i-cuff esikhwameni sezingubo.

Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lapho kulinganiswa kwengcindezi ngakwesokunene, ivelu yayo ingahle inyuke kancane kunengakwesokunxele. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izicubu zomzimba zithuthukiswa kakhulu kuso. Uma lo mehluko phakathi kwezinkomba zokucindezela kuzo zombili izandla ungaphezu kwe-10 mmHg, lokhu kungakhombisa ukubonakala kwe-pathology.

Abantu asebekhulile, kanye nalabo abatholakala benazo zonke izinhlobo zezifo zenhliziyo, umfutho wegazi, i-vegetovascular dystonia noma isifo sikashukela, kunconywa ukukala ingcindezi ekuseni nakusihlwa.

Njengamanje, akukho mbono ongalingani phakathi kodokotela mayelana nezinga lomfutho wegazi ojwayelekile kubantu abadala. Kukholelwa ukuthi ingcindezi ijwayelekile ku-120/80, kepha izici ezahlukahlukene zingaba nomthelela omkhulu kuzo. Izinkomba ezilandelayo zithathwa njengezanele zomsebenzi ophelele womzimba - ingcindezi ye-systolic kusuka ku-91 kuye ku-130 mm Hg, diastolic kusuka ku-61 kuye ku-89 mm Hg. Ukucindezela kuka-110 kuye ku-80 kuyinto ejwayelekile futhi akudingi ukungenelela kwezokwelashwa. Ukuphendula umbuzo wokuthi ingcindezi ka-120 ngezindlela ezingama-70 nayo ilula kanjani. Uma isiguli singenayo imizwa yokungajabuli, singakhuluma ngokujwayelekile.

Leli banga libangelwa izici zomzimba zomuntu ngamunye, ubulili babo kanye nobudala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunenqwaba yamaphuzu angathinta ushintsho ekucindezelweni kwegazi, noma ngabe kungekho zifo nama-pathologies. Umzimba womuntu ophilile, uma kunesidingo, uyakwazi ukulawula ngokuzimela izinga lomfutho wegazi futhi ulishintshe.

Ukushintshwa kwezinkomba zokucindezela kwegazi kungenzeka ngaphansi kwethonya lezinto ezinjengokuthi:

• Izimo ezivame ukucindezela, ukungezwani kwemizwa njalo;
• Ukusetshenziswa kokudla okuvuselelayo, kufaka phakathi ikhofi netiye;
• Isikhathi sosuku lapho isilinganiso senziwa khona (ekuseni, ntambama, kusihlwa);
• Ukuchayeka ekucindezelekeni ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo;
• Ukuthatha umuthi othile
• Iminyaka yomuntu.

Izinkomba zokucindezela kwegazi emadodeni ziphezulu kakhulu uma ziqhathaniswa nabesifazane nezingane.

Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ngokomzimba, abesilisa bakhulu, banemisipha ethe xaxa kanye nomthambo, odinga izakhamzimba ezinkulu.

Ukudonswa kwalezi zakhi kuhlinzekwa ukugeleza kwegazi, okuholela ekwandeni kwezinga lokumelana kwemithambo.

Ukucindezela kwenhliziyo kuyinto ejwayelekile ngeminyaka emadodeni:

Njengoba impilo yowesifazane ihlotshaniswa nokushintshashintsha kwamazinga e-hormone empilweni yakhe yonke, lokhu kuthinta umfutho wegazi lakhe. Izindinganiso zale nkomba ziyashintsha kwabesifazane abaneminyaka yobudala.

Ngenkathi umuntu wesifazane esencwadini yokuzala, i-estrogen yocansi lowesifazane yenziwa emzimbeni wakhe, omunye wemisebenzi yawo ukulawula okuqukethwe kwe-lipid emzimbeni. Lapho owesifazane eba nesikhathi sokuya esikhathini, inani le-hormone lehla kakhulu, okuholela engcupheni eyengeziwe yesifo senhliziyo nokuphazamiseka kwengcindezi. Ngesikhathi sokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini, ubungozi bokuqhamuka nenkinga ye-hypertensive buyanda.

Kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, ingcindezi eyi-110 kuye kwengama-70 kuyinto ejwayelekile, ikakhulukazi ku-trimester yokuqala yokukhulelwa. Ochwepheshe abakubheki lokhu njenge-pathology, ngoba nge-trimester yesibili ingcindezi izobuyela kokujwayelekile.

Ukucindezela ngeminyaka yabesifazane:

Njengoba ingane ikhula futhi ikhula, nemingcele yengcindezi yakhe nayo izokwanda. Lokhu kungenxa yezidingo ezandayo zezitho nezicubu zomsoco.

Intsha kanye nezingane zivame ukukhononda ngokuthi ziyizungu, zizizwa zibuthakathaka futhi zinenhliziyo ehlanzekile.

Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kule minyaka umzimba ukhula ngokushesha, futhi uhlelo lwenhliziyo alunaso isikhathi sokuphendula esidingweni esandayo sezicubu nezitho zomzimba ukubanikeza umoya-mpilo.

Kungani kuyingozi ukushintsha isigaba sokucindezela?

Uhlangabezana nokuzikhandla ngokweqile komzimba, ingcindezi, umzimba womuntu uphendula kubo ngokwanda kwesikhashana kwengcindezi. Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yokuthi ezimeni ezinjalo i-vasoconstrictive hormone, i-adrenaline, idedelwa egazini ngesilinganiso esikhulu. Ukwanda okunjalo kwengcindezi akubhekwa njenge-pathology uma, ekuphumuleni, kubuyela kokujwayelekile. Ezimweni lapho lokhu kungenzeki, kufanele uthintane nodokotela futhi uhlolwe.

Uma isiguli sikhuphula umfutho wegazi njalo, lokhu kukhombisa ukuthuthukiswa kwe-pathology efana ne-hypertension. Umfutho wegazi ophakeme uholela ekukhathaleni okwandayo kumuntu, ukwehla kwamandla okusebenza, ukuphefumula kuyabonakala. Isiguli singabuzwa ubuhlungu esifundeni senhliziyo, ukulala kabi, isiyezi, isicanucanu. Ukunyuka kwengcindezi ye-intraocular, okuholela ebuhlungwini nasekujabuleni emehlweni. Umphumela omubi kakhulu we-hypertension yengozi ekhuphukayo yokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo nokushaywa unhlangothi.

Ezinye iziguli, kunalokho, zinomfutho wegazi ophakeme, noma i-hypotension. Lesi simo asiyona ingozi njenge-hypertension, kodwa futhi singadala ukonakala ekuhlinzekweni kwegazi kwezicubu. Lokhu kuholela ekunciphiseni ukungatheleleki komzimba, ukuvela kwezifo ezahlukahlukene, ingozi eyengeziwe yokuqothuka nokuphazamiseka kohlelo lwezinzwa.

Ukwelashwa kwezifo ezihambisana nokushintshwa kwezinga lokucindezelwa kwenziwa ngaphandle kwemithi - lokhu ukuhambisana nokubusa, ukondleka okufanele, ukusebenza ngokomzimba okulinganiselayo. Kunconywa ukuchitha isikhathi esithe xaxa emoyeni omusha nokwenza izivivinyo. Uma umphumela owufunayo ungatholakali, kunconywa ukusebenzisa imishanguzo - amaconsi, amaphilisi nabanye.

Yiziphi izinkomba zokucindezela kwegazi okujwayelekile ezichazwe kuvidiyo kuleli vidiyo.