I-Nicotinic acid iyinhlangano eyilungu leqembu lokulungiswa kwamavithamini. Inenombolo enkulu yezakhiwo eziwusizo zomzimba womuntu. Ingasebenza njenge-vasodilator, yehlise umfutho wegazi futhi ithuthukise ukuhanjiswa kwe-oksijini nezakhi zomzimba ezithweni.
Kulokhu, leli thuluzi livame ukubekelwa ukwelashwa kwezifo ezahlukahlukene.
I-Nicotinic acid noma i-Vitamin B3, njengomthetho, isetshenziselwa ukukhuthaza inqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi, kanye nezinqubo zokushintshana kwamaprotheni, amafutha, ama-carbohydrate nama-amino acid emzimbeni womuntu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuthi usiza ukwenza kusebenze futhi uthuthukise ukusebenza kwengqondo.
Muva nje, sekuyinsakavukela ukuthola ukusetshenziswa komuthi ukuvikela izifo ezinjengalezi:
- izifo ezahlukahlukene zesistimu yenhliziyo;
- izinkinga zokujikeleza emzimbeni ophansi;
- ukuba khona kwe-thrombophlebitis;
- ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-venous
Futhi, i-nicotinic acid isetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ukuqoqwa kwe-cholesterol, triglycerides kanye ne-low density lipoprotein egazini.
Ukuchazwa nokwakheka kwalo muthi
Njengoba sekushiwo, ivithamini B3 luhlobo lwevithamini oncibilika emanzini. Lesi sidakamizwa sisebenza ngokuphendula futhi okunciphisa cishe kuwo wonke izicubu zomzimba womuntu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, into ibuye igcwalise amaseli omzimba nge-oxygen. Ngakho-ke, singasho ukuthi leli yithuluzi elibaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni okufanelekile kanye nemisebenzi ebalulekile yomzimba ngamunye nesitho somzimba wonke. Ngaphandle kwalesi sakhi, umzimba awukwazanga ukusebenza kahle.
I-Nicotinic acid noma i-Vitamin PP iyatholakala ngezindlela ezimbili zemithamo eyinhloko, okungukuthi, i-acid ngqo kanye ne-nicotinomide. Lezi yizinto ezimbili eziphambili ezisebenzayo, ukuba khona kwazo ezidakamizweni, okuhlobene nokwedlule neqembu le-nicotinic acid.
Umuthi osekelwa i-nicotine uyatholakala ngesimo samathebulethi kanye nesisombululo semijovo. Ithebhulethi ngayinye iqukethe i-nicotinic acid njengesithako esiyisisekelo esisebenzayo. Izithako ezingezekile ezisebenzayo ziyi-stearic acid ne-glucose. Ungathenga umkhiqizo ngenani lama-ruble ayi-15 kuye kwangama-35 amaphilisi ayi-10 noma angama-50 iphakethe ngalinye. Ngokuqondene nefomu lesibili lokukhishwa, elinento efanayo esebenzayo, i-sodium bicarbonate namanzi afakwe emanzini ayisizi. I-ampoule eyodwa iqukethe u-1 ml noma u-10 mg. Iphakheji liqukethe ama-ampoule ayi-10-20, futhi ungathenga umkhiqizo ngenani lama-ruble angama-20-70.
Isibonakaliso esiyinhloko sokusetshenziswa kwe-acid ukuntuleka kwevithamini B3. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kwayo kunconywa ukwenza ngcono ukusebenza kwemithambo yegazi. Ukusetshenziswa kwomuthi kuyanconywa futhi uma kunesidingo sokuthola ukutholakala kwezindonga zemithambo yegazi. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukuvuvukala kwezicubu kungancishiswa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-nicotinic acid isiza ukwenza ngcono i-nitrogen-carbohydrate metabolism kanye ne-microcirculation emzimbeni. Ngemuva kokudlula kulesi sidakamizwa, ukukhanyiswa kwemikhumbi, kufaka phakathi okuncane, kanye nemithambo yobuchopho, kuvamile. Lapho uvithamini PP ungena emzimbeni, uguqulwa ube yi-nicotinamide, ohlangana nama-coenzymes abhekene nokuhambisa i-hydrogen.
Umuthi osebenzayo wesidakamizwa unqwabelana esibindini nakuma-adipose izicubu, bese kuthi ukungaphezulu kwawo kudalulwe yizinso.
Yiziphi izimo okufanele zithathwe?
INiacin iyinto ehlukile esenzweni sayo. Ibandakanya cishe zonke izinqubo ze-metabolic emzimbeni. Usebenzisa lo muthi, ungathuthukisa ikhwalithi yesibindi, ipheshana lesisu, wehlise ushukela wegazi futhi ube nomthelela omuhle esimweni samanxeba nezilonda. I-Nicotinic acid isiza kakhulu isimo semithambo yegazi.
Isizathu esikhulu sokuthatha i-nicotinic acid yikhono laso lokwandisa imithambo yegazi, sinciphise ukubukeka kwegazi futhi sandise ukugeleza kwalo. I-cholesterol ekhuphukile, isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi, kanye nezinye izifo eziningi ezihambisana nesimo sokuqina semithambo iphakamisa ukusetshenziswa kwalesi sidakamizwa se-vasodilator njengokwelashwa nokuvimbela.
Ithebhulethi ye-nicotinic acid iyasiza uma isiguli sinomfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi emithanjeni yenhliziyo, i-angina pectoris noma ukwanda kwegazi, kanye nemithambo ye-varicose ne-phlebitis. Isithako esikhulu esisebenzayo somuthi sisiza ukuhlanza imithambo yegazi ngenkathi sinciphisa izinga le-lipoprotein, i-cholesterol ephansi ne-triglyceride, okunomthelela ekuqhekekeni kwemithambo yegazi. Lokhu kuyi-prophylactic enhle kakhulu ngokumelene nokwakheka kweziqeshana zegazi nama-atherosclerotic plaque egazini, okungaholela emiphumeleni emibi kakhulu, kufaka phakathi i-stroke, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, umfutho wegazi ophansi kanye nokunikezwa kwegazi okulinganiselwe.
INiacin ingaba nomthelela omuhle ekucindezelweni kwegazi nakwisimo somzimba wonke. Ngenxa yalokhu, kuvame ukwenzeka ukuthi uhlangane nokubuyekezwa okuhle ngemuva kokuthatha lesi sidakamizwa. Hhayi kuphela inhlala-kahle yesiguli iyathuthuka, kepha nomsebenzi wobuchopho ikakhulukazi. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi udokotela kuphela ongabeka inani lemithi edingekayo ukuphuza. Isibonelo, uma umuntu ebenokuhlaselwa i-ischemic, kunconywa ukusebenzisa ivithamini PP ngendlela yemijovo emthanjeni ngesilinganiso esingu-1 ml.
INiacin ikhonjiswa ukusetshenziselwa esimweni se-pathologies njenge:
- I-cerebral hemorrhage yesimo se-ischemic.
- Ukushoda kweVitamin.
- I-Osteochondrosis.
- Ukuphazamiseka kokujikeleza kobuchopho.
- Izifo zemithambo yemilenze.
- I-atherosulinotic pathologies.
- Ukuba khona kwe-tinnitus.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthatha lo muthi kunconyelwa uma kunezilonda ezindexekile.
Contraindication kanye nemiphumela emibi
Njenganoma yikuphi okunye ukwelashwa, i-nicotinic acid inezinkomba zayo kanye ne-contraindication ukuze isetshenziswe, ngenkathi ziyahlukahluka ngokuya ngesimo sokukhishwa komuthi. Ngokuvamile, ukuphambana okuvame kakhulu yizinkinga zesibindi, ukopha, ukuqaqanjelwa kwamalungu okuzala, kanye nokuzwela okukhulayo kwengxenye eyinhloko.
Uhlobo lwethebhulethi lomuthi alinconyelwanga ukusetshenziselwa ukwanda kwesilonda, kanye nezingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-2. Ngefomu lomjovo lomuthi, i-contraindication eyinhloko ukuba khona kwe-atherosclerosis esobala, i-hyperuricemia, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, i-gout, kanye nobudala obusha.
Ngaphezu kwe-contraindication, kukhona nemiphumela emibi, phakathi kwayo okuvame kakhulu kukhona:
- ubomvu kwesikhumba ngomuzwa ovuthayo kanye nomuzwa wokuxwaya;
- hypotension;
- secretion ngokweqile yejusi lesisu;
- ukufiphala kwegazi ekhanda;
- ukubonakala kwe-urticaria nokulunywa.
Kuyakufanelekela ukugqamisa imiphumela emibi ekwedlula umthamo we-vithamini B3, phakathi kwalokho okuvame kakhulu yilokhu:
- I-Anorexia
- Izinkinga zesibindi, i-pancreatitis ye-biliary.
- Isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, nesisu esidabukisayo.
- Izinkinga zokugaya.
- Paresthesia
- I-Arrhythmia.
- Ukwehla ukubekezelela ushukela.
Uma umthamo wedluliwe, umuntu angaba ne-hyperglycemia.
Imiyalo yokusebenzisa umuthi
Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphezulu kokusebenzisa umuthi, kubalulekile, okokuqala, ukulandela ngokuqinile imiyalo yokusetshenziswa. Endabeni yesidakamizwa esingavinjelwa, umthamo uncike kuzinkomba. Isibonelo, uma isiguli sine-ischemic stroke noma i-pellagra, umuthi ufakwa kancane emzimbeni ngqo. Ukwelashwa kwe-allergy kubandakanya ukusetshenziswa komuthi kanye noma kabili ngesilinganiso se-50 mg noma i-100 mg intravenously noma emisipha, ngokulandelana. Inkambo ejwayelekile icishe ibe yizinsuku eziyi-10-15.
Imijovo ye-Intramuscular yenziwa kusuka kusisombululo se-1% ngesamba esingu-1 ml. Isixazululo sifakwa emthanjeni ngenani le-1-5 ml, kuyilapho kufanele kuqala sihlanjululwe ngo-5 ml we-saline yezomzimba. Kwezinye izimo, umjovo ungadala ubuhlungu, ukushisa, ubomvu bendawo yomjovo, noma umuzwa wokushisa. Lokhu ukusabela okujwayelekile ngokuphelele kulo muthi. Ngakho-ke, akufanele ukhathazeke.
Amathebulethi anconywa ukuthi asetshenziswe ngemuva kokudla. Ngezinhloso zokuvimbela, umthamo wezidakamizwa uzohluka kusuka ku-12,5 kuya ku-25 mg kubantu abadala futhi ukusuka ku-5 kuye ku-25 mg wezingane ngosuku. Ukuba khona kwesifo (ngokwesibonelo, i-pellagra, imvelaphi ye-atherosclerotic, njll.) Kusho ukwanda kokuvama kokusetshenziswa kwomuthi kuze kufike ezikhathini ezingama-2-4, kanti isilinganiso esijwayelekile somuthi singu-100 mg kubantu abadala, i-12,5-50 mg ezinganeni. Isikhathi sesifundo siyinyanga eyi-1, nekhefu phakathi kwezifundo.
Kwezinye izimo, ukwedlula umthamo obonisiwe kungaholela ekwandisweni ngokweqile kanye nokuvela kwemiphumela emibi, ekhombisa njengokujaha kwegazi emzimbeni ophezulu, isisu esidabukisayo kanye nokubonakala kokulunywa. Uma kwenzeka kunenye yezimpawu, kuyadingeka ukuyeka ukwelashwa ngokushesha.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphambi kokuthatha i-nicotinic acid, kuyadingeka ukuthi uzijwayeze ama-contraindication ukuze uwasebenzise, okungukuthi ukuba khona kohlobo olunamandla lwe-hypertension kanye ne-atherosclerosis, kanye nokuzwela ngokweqile ezingxenyeni eziphambili zomuthi.
Ungasisebenzisi umuthi isikhathi eside kakhulu, ngoba lokhu kungaholela esibindini esinamafutha.
I-Nicotinic acid yehypertension
Izinga lokucindezela kwe-arterial kungenye inkomba okufanele unake ngaphambi kokuqala umuthi.
Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa izidakamizwa ze-nicotinic acid ukwenza umthelela wokwelapha emzimbeni, kufanele uthintane nodokotela wakho ngalolu daba.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, iphakethe ngalinye liqukethe isichasiselo, esidinga ukufundwa.
Inemiyalo ekhethekile yokuphuza umuthi, okungukuthi:
- I-Niacin ingasetjenziswa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ne-lactation kuphela ngomthamo omncane;
- ukudlula lesi sidakamizwa kufaka ukubhekwa njalo kwesibindi;
- IVithamini B3 kufanele isetshenziswe ngokuqapha esimweni se-hyperacid gastritis kanye nezilonda, kanye ne-hepatitis, cirrhosis noma isifo sikashukela mellitus;
- abanesifo sikashukela abakwazi ukuthatha umuthi ukuze benze i-dyslipidemia iguqule;
- ezigabeni zokuqala zokuphuza umuthi, kuyadingeka ukuthi ubhekisise njalo amazinga amafutha, ushukela ne-uric acid emzimbeni;
- ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwe-asidi kungadala ukwehla kwenani lamavithamini C emzimbeni.
INiacin iyinto ezuzisa kakhulu umzimba womuntu. Isiza ukwehlisa i-cholesterol yegazi, isuse ubuthi futhi isheshise izinqubo ze-metabolic. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngosizo lwayo kungenzeka ukunciphisa izinqubo zokuvuvukala, qinisekisa i-vasodilation kanye nokuncipha kwegazi, okubuye kunciphise kakhulu amathuba we-atherosulinotic nezinye izifo ezihlangene.
Isazi sizokhuluma nge-nicotinic acid esevidiyo kule vidiyo.
