Ngezinga eliphakeme lama-lipoproteins aphansi kwabantu, kuyadingeka ukuthatha izinyathelo okuhloswe ngazo ukwehlisa izinga. Kunemithi ebanzi ehlukahlukene ethinta ngempumelelo i-metabolism yamafutha futhi ivimbele ukwakheka kwe-LDL.
Ukwehlisa ukugxila kwe-cholesterol, izidakamizwa zinqunywa ezingokwesigaba se-statins noma i-fibrate. Izimali ziqinisekiswe ngokuhamba kweminyaka. Babekiwe ezimweni lapho ezinye izindlela zokwelapha - ukudla kwezempilo, ukusebenza komzimba, ukuncipha kwesisindo, njll, zingazange zinikeze umphumela ofunekayo.
Iningi lezidakamizwa lingathengwa ekhemisi ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela. Kepha lokhu akusho ukuthi umuntu onesifo sikashukela uyakwazi ukuzindla. Ukufeza umphumela wokwelapha, kuyadingeka irejimeni ngalinye lokusetshenziswa kwemithi.
Cabanga ukuthi yimaphi amaphilisi okwehlisa i-cholesterol emzimbeni okungcono, uwaphuza kanjani ngokufanele, futhi imiphi imiphumela emibi engenzeka kwiziguli ezinesifo sikashukela?
Umgomo wokunquma ama-statins
Ithebhulethi ye-cholesterol yeqembu lama-statin ichazwa kaningi. Imithi isiza ukwehlisa izinga lamazinga aphansi we-lipoprotein emzimbeni, inciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-LDL esibindini sesiguli. Izibalo zibonisa ukuthi i-OH (i-cholesterol ephelele) yehla ngo-30-45% ukusuka ezingeni lokuqala, kanye nokuqoqwa kwento embi ngo-40-60%.
Ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwama-statins, ama-lipoproteins aphezulu we-density angandiswa, futhi amathuba okuthuthuka kwezinkinga ze-ischemic ku-diabetesics nawo ancishiswa ngo-15%. Izitatimende azinikezi umphumela we-mutagenic ne-carcinogenic, okuyi-ufafanuzi oqondile.
Ukuzelapha ngokwako kwecebo elinjalo kunqatshelwe ngokuphelele. Njengoba ukuxilongwa okugcwele kwesiguli kuyadingeka ukuze kuhlolwe zonke izingozi zako. Lapho unquma izidakamizwa, khumbula:
- Ukuba khona / ukungabikho kwemikhuba emibi;
- Ubulili
- Iqembu lesiguli;
- Izifo ezenzeka kanye (umfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo sikashukela, njll).
Uma unqume umuthi kuma-statins, isibonelo, Atorvastatin, Simvastatin, Zokor, Rosuvastatin, khona-ke kufanele athathwe kumthamo onqunywe uchwepheshe wezokwelapha. Ngesikhathi sokulashwa, ukuhlolwa kwegazi okune-biochemical kuyadingeka ngezikhathi ezithile ukuqapha izinkomba.
Amaphilisi okunciphisa i-cholesterol yegazi awabizi. Uma isiguli singakwazi ukukhokhela noma yiliphi ikhambi, khona-ke akutuswa ukuba ukhethe i-analogue uqobo. Kufanele sicele udokotela ukuthi anikeze enye indlela evumelana nezindleko zesifo sikashukela. Iqiniso ngukuthi ama-generics wokukhiqizwa wasekhaya aphansi kakhulu ngekhwalithi kanye nomphumela wokwelapha hhayi kumithi yasekuqaleni kuphela, kodwa futhi naku-generics yokukhiqizwa kwangaphandle.
Lapho kusayinwa ukwelashwa komuntu osekhulile, ukusebenzisana nemithi yokwelashwa kwe-gout, umfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye nesifo sikashukela kufanele kubhekwe. Kulesi simo, iziguli zinobungozi obuphindwe kabili bokuthuthukisa i-myopathy.
Statins Kunconywa ukubheka ama-nuances alandelayo:
- Lapho kukhona ama-pathologies wesibindi angamahlalakhona, kungcono ukuthatha i-Rosuvastatin, kepha ngesilinganiso esincane, esinikeza umphumela oyifunayo. Ukusetshenziswa kwesidakamizwa i-Pravaxol kuvunyelwe. Le mithi ayinamphumela omubi esibindini, kepha ayihlanganisiwe notshwala nezidakamizwa ze-antibacterial.
- Lapho umuntu onesifo sikashukela enobuhlungu bemisipha eqhubekayo, noma kunengozi yokulimala kubo, kungcono ukusebenzisa iPravastatin. Umuthi awunawo umthelela onobuthi emisipha yesiguli, ngenxa yalokho, ubungozi bokuthola i-myopathy ngesifo sikashukela buncishisiwe.
- Uma isiguli sinesifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona, khona-ke akufanele uphuze i-fluvastatin. Ngokwezifo kufakazelwe umphumela ongemuhle wesidakamizwa ekusebenzeni kwezinso.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwezinhlobo eziningana zama-statins kuvunyelwe, ngokwesibonelo, i-Atorvastatin + Rosolipt.
Akukalulekanga ukuthi uhlanganise ama-statin ne-nicotinic acid. Kungavusa ukwehla okukhulu kweglucose egazini likashukela, kuholele ekwakhiweni kwegazi emgungwini wesisu.
Izimo: uhlu lwezidakamizwa nezici zokusetshenziswa
Izimo zibekelwa kaningi. Basiza ukuguqula izinga le-cholesterol egazini leziguli. Ukusetshenziswa kwabo ngokumelene nesizinda sikashukela kunesizathu, noma kunjalo, zonke izingozi esithombeni esithile kufanele zibhekwe. Kwehlisa i-cholesterol ngenxa yokuvinjwa ukwakheka kwayo esibindini.
Izimo zihlukaniswa ngesizukulwane. Kukhona ezine zazo. Zinezinto ezahlukahlukene ezisebenzayo, ziyahlukahluka kuma-contraindication, imiphumela emibi. Isizukulwane sokuqala sifaka isithasiselo esikhulu se-ingredient simvastatin. Kukholelwa ukuthi izidakamizwa zesizukulwane lesi zifundwa kakhulu, kepha azinconywa kangako, ngoba sekuvele amaphilisi anamandla amaningi.
Amacwecwe awakaze anqunywe uma onesifo sikashukela enomlando we-myopathy noma kunengozi enkulu yokuthola lesi sifo. Akufanele kuthathwe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ngokuncelisa ibele, ngesikhathi sokukhanyiswa kwezifo zesibindi.
Isizukulwane sokuqala sama-statin simele izidakamizwa ezilandelayo:
- Simvor;
- Simvastatin;
- UVasilip;
- I-Ariescore et al.
Imithi ibonakala njengezimpawu. Ngaphandle kwamagama ahlukahlukene, banomgomo owodwa wokusebenza. Umthamo ukhethiwe ngamunye. Kepha inyanga yokuqala yezifundo zokwelapha ifaka ukusetshenziswa kwe-10 mg ngosuku. Uma kunesidingo, umthamo uyandiswa.
Izidakamizwa zesizukulwane sesibili zifaka isakhi esisebenzayo i-fluvastatin. Kulesi sigcawu, i-Leskol Forte ivame ukunconywa. Umphumela omuhle wokwelapha ubonwa ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, ngoba amaphilisi asusa i-urea eyeqile emzimbeni. Ukufeza umphumela oyifunayo, ekudleni kuyadingeka.
Isizukulwane sesithathu:
- Atomax
- Tulip.
- I-Anvistat.
Isakhi esisebenzayo somuthi yi-atorvastatin. Kuyasiza ukunciphisa ukuqoqwa kwama-lipoprotein aphansi. Umyalo uthi amaphilisi athathwa kanye ngosuku, aqala ngomthamo we-10 mg. Umthamo omkhulu wansuku zonke ngu-80 mg. Ukunciphisa kakhulu i-cholesterol, ama-statins angahlanganiswa neminye imithi, isibonelo, i-Omacor.
Isizukulwane sesine (sokugcina) - izidakamizwa eziphephile zokuguqula iphrofayili ye-cholesterol. Lokhu kufaka iRosart, iRosuvastatin, iKrestor. Qaphela ukuthi abaningi bafuna umuthi i-Novostatin, kepha isidakamizwa esinjalo asikho. Kungacatshangwa ukuthi ukusesha kuhloswe eLovastatin.
I-rosuvastatin yento i-contraindication uma kwenzeka ukungabekezelelani kwe-lactose, ukuntuleka kwe-lactase, i-hypothyroidism, i-hypersensitivity, i-pathologies enzima esigabeni sokubuyiselwa kwemali.
Igcoba ukwehlisa i-cholesterol yegazi
Ama-figates ayigaba elihlukile lezidakamizwa elinciphisa ukugxila kwe-LDL ngenxa yokulungiswa kokuhlanganiswa kwe-lipid. Kwezinye izimo, zihlanganiswa nama-statins ukwehlisa amathuba emiphumela emibi, kepha lokhu akusebenzi.
Ama-fibrate awabekelwa abanesifo sikashukela uma benomlando wokuhluleka kokuqina kwesibindi, ukungasebenzi kahle kwesibindi, ukwehluleka kwe-renal okungapheli, noma i-cirrhosis. Awukwazi ukuphuza umuthi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ngokuncelisa, i-hypersensitivity.
Imithi ingemvelaphi yokwenziwa, inemiphumela emibi eminingi, ngakho-ke uhlelo lokusebenza luqala ngomthamo omncane. Kancane kancane ikhuphuka phakathi nenyanga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungasebenzisa amakhambi abantu, ngokwesibonelo, umhluzi wegalikhi unamandla okuhlanza imithambo yegazi nokuqothula ama-cholesterol plaque.
Abamele iqembu le-fibrate:
- I-Gemfibrozil - amaphilisi we-cholesterol amahle kakhulu, kodwa awabizi. Intengo ngama-ruble ayi-1700-2000 ngephakeji ngalinye. Isicelo sinikeza ukwehla kokuhlushwa kwe-triglycerides, ukwehla ekukhiqizweni kwe-lipids, okusheshisa ukuqeda i-cholesterol eyingozi emzimbeni. Ungathenga ekhemisi noma uthenge ku-Intanethi;
- IBezafibrat iyikhambi elisiza ekuhlanzeni imithambo yegazi yama-cholesterol plaque. Ingabekelwa abanesifo sikashukela abanomlando wesifo senhliziyo ne-angina pectoris. Inani kusuka kuma-ruble ayi-3000 ngephakethe ngalinye.
I-Etofibrate yehlisa i-cholesterol yegazi, yehlisa ukubukeka kwegazi, ibonakala ngempahla ye-antithrombotic. Thatha i-500 mg ngemuva kokudla. Ngokuphikisana nesizinda sokwelashwa isikhathi eside, kulawulwa i-gallbladder.
Imiphumela emibi yama-statins nama-fibrate
Amatafula ezokwelapha aveza imiphumela emibi eminingi ewumphumela wokusetshenziswa kwama-statins. Imithi yaleli qembu ivame ukuholela ekuphazanyisweni kokulala, i-asthenic syndrome, ikhanda, isicanucanu, ukuqunjelwa / isifo sohudo, ubuhlungu besisu, i-myalgia, ukwanda / ukuncipha kwengcindezi yegazi.
Kusukela ohlangothini lwesistimu yezinzwa ephakathi, izinkinga ngokugxila nokunaka inkumbulo zivezwa, kunokuvela okuvamile, isiyezi. Isifo sikashukela se-polyneuropathy singakhula. Ukusuka ohlangothini lokugaya - i-hepatitis, ukwehla okusheshayo kwesisindo somzimba, i-cholestatic jaundice, i-pancreatitis ene-acute - ukuvuvukala kumanyikwe.
Ngokuyalela imiyalo yezidakamizwa, ukuvela kwe-thrombocytopenia, isimo se-hypoglycemic in diabetesics, erectile dysfunction, kanye nokuvuvukala okuphathelene nolimi akunqunyelwe. Ukuhluka kwe-allergic akuvamile. Ukubonakaliswa kufaka ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, i-urticaria, ukulunywa kanye nokushiswa kwesikhumba, i-hyperemia, i-erythema exudative.
Ngokuqhathanisa nama-statins, ama-fibrate abekezelelwa kangcono ngabanesifo sikashukela, futhi imicimbi engemihle ayiveli ukukhula. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:
- Isiyezi
- Ubuhlungu bekhanda.
- Ukuphazamiseka kokulala.
- I-Leukopenia
- I-Anemia.
- I-Alopecia emadodeni.
- Allergy
Ngokuthuthukiswa kwemiphumela emibi, ukulungiswa kokwelashwa kuyadingeka - ukunciphisa umthamo womuthi noma uhlanganise izidakamizwa eziningana.
Ezinye izidakamizwa ezokwehlisa i-cholesterol
Kusenempikiswano ngokusebenza kwe-Aspirin kusuka ku-cholesterol ephezulu - ochwepheshe bezokwelapha abakwazi ukuza ekuvumelaneni. Abanye babheka umuthi oshibhile, cishe i-panacea, batusa ukuthatha isikhathi eside njengokuvimbela i-atherosclerosis nezifo ezithile zenhliziyo.
Abanye odokotela abalokothi banikeze imvume, noma ngaphezulu, bezama ukuthola ukuvinjelwa kwalo muthi. Akukho ukuvumelana. Kepha izifundo zemitholampilo zikhombisa ukusebenza kahle okuphansi kwamathebhulethi, ngakho-ke abantu abanesifo sikashukela kungcono ukungaziphathi, kakhulu ngokwabo.
Ukwehlisa i-cholesterol emzimbeni kudinga indlela ehlanganisiwe, ngakho ama-statin nama-fibrate angahlanganiswa nezinye izidakamizwa.
Ukwelashwa kwe-hypercholesterolemia kufaka phakathi imithi:
- I-Probucol umuthi we-hypolipidemic nomuthi we-antioxidant osiza ngokwejwayelekile ukugxila kwe-LDL kushukela. Ivimbela ukukhiqizwa kwe-cholesterol emzimbeni womuntu, kusheshisa ukuqedwa kwezinto eziyingozi egazini. Kusetshenziswa ngezifundo isikhathi eside;
- I-Alisat iyisidakamizwa eshibhile futhi esisebenzayo esinezinto eziningi ezisebenzayo. Ilawula umfutho wegazi, inciphise ukubukeka kwegazi, incibilikise igazi futhi ichithe ama-cholesterol plaque. Amathebulethi asuselwa kugalikhi, ngakho-ke akusona isidakamizwa esigcwele.
Nge-hypercholesterolemia, amaphilisi anikezwa udokotela kuphela, ebheka izinga lokuqala le-LDL nesimo sesiguli. Ukwelashwa kwabanesifo sikashukela kuhambisana nokudla okunempilo kanye nokuzivocavoca umzimba, okuvumela ukuthi uguqule amazinga e-cholesterol.
Mayelana nezidakamizwa ukwehlisa i-cholesterol kuchazwe kuvidiyo kule ndatshana.
