I-atherossteosis iyinkimbinkimbi ebonakala ingenye yokuqala ekuqhubekeni kwesifo sikashukela.
Izinguquko ze-pathological zenzeka ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi ngenxa yezinguquko ekwakhekeni kwegazi kwamakhemikhali.
Izinguquko ziholela eqinisweni lokuthi izindonga zemikhumbi ziba brittle futhi sclerotic. Ushintsho olunjalo ezindongeni ze-vascular luholela ekuthuthukisweni kwesifo sikashukela sokulwa nesifo sikashukela ngokumelene nesizinda sikashukela i-mellitus.
Isifo sikashukela kanye ne-atherosclerosis yizifo ezihlobene, ngoba i-atherosclerosis imvamisa ivela futhi ithuthuka iphikisana nesizinda sentuthuko yesifo sikashukela.
I-atherossteosis kwisifo sikashukela iqala ukukhula ngemuva kokuba isifo esiyisisekelo emzimbeni sithuthuka iminyaka eminingana ngokungalawuleki. Le ntuthuko yesifo sikashukela iholela ekuqubukeni kwezifo ezithinta imikhumbi emincane nemincane, ngaphezu kwalokhu, izinguquko ezinqubweni zokuqhubeka kwezifo zitholakala ku-myocardium.
Ushintsho ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi kuholela enkingeni yesifo sikashukela mellitus.
Imvamisa, isifo sikashukela sakha isifo sokuqina kwesifo sikashukela emikhawulweni ephansi, kodwa-ke, ngaphezu kwalokhu, kuvame kakhulu ukubona izimpawu zomonakalo emikhunjini ethwala ukugula kanye nemithambo yokugula kwengqondo esigulini.
Kaningi, ukuqala nokukhula kwe-atherosulinosis ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela kungenxa yokuvela kokuphazamiseka ezinqubweni ze-lipid metabolism emzimbeni wesifo sikashukela.
Ukulimala kwamafutha emzimbeni kwenzeka lapho kukhona ukwephulwa ekukhiqizeni i-insulin.
Ngokuntuleka kwe-insulin emzimbeni womuntu ezicutshini eziyingozi, i-lipid synthesis iyenzeka, ebhekelwa ekwakhiweni kwe-cholesterol.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-atherosclerosis ngokumelene nesizinda sikashukela kusizwa ukusetshenziswa kwezidlo nokudla okunokuqukethwe okunamafutha amaningi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubukeka nokuqhubeka kokuphazamiseka kwesistimu yemithambo yegazi kuya ngesilinganiso esikhulu ubude besikhathi, ubukhulu besifundo kanye nezinga lesinxephezelo sesifo sikashukela i-mellitus.
Kumuntu oneminyaka yobudala, ubukhulu be-lipid metabolism emzimbeni buyancipha, futhi isifo sikashukela sibhebhethekisa le nqubo.
Amafutha angamunwa ngumzimba futhi angakhishwa emzimbeni aqala ukufakwa odongeni lwangaphakathi lwemithambo yegazi yesistimu yokujikeleza kwegazi.
Indlela yokuthuthukiswa kwe-atherosulinosis emzimbeni wesifo sikashukela
Ukulimala ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi yesistimu yokujikeleza kwegazi kwenzeka kancane kancane.
Esigabeni sokuqala sokuqhubekela phambili kwezinkinga zesifo sikashukela, okokuqala, kulimala imithambo emikhulu yesistimu yokujikeleza.
Ngokuqhubeka kwesifo, imithambo yegazi emincane yohlelo lokujikeleza kuyathinteka.
Esigabeni sokuqala sokulimala odongeni lwe-vascular, izilonda ezincane ezisesimweni sama-microcracks zivele kwi-endothelium yemithambo.
Ukulimala okunjalo kungumphumela wokuvezwa kwe-endothelium yezinto ezahlukahlukene ezingalungile, phakathi kwazo okuyikhona okulandelayo:
- izimo ezicindezelayo;
- ukukhuphuka kwamazinga we-lipid emzimbeni;
- ukukhuphuka koshukela emzimbeni;
- amazinga aphezulu cholesterol emzimbeni.
Amafutha ne-cholesterol kuhlala kusegazini. Ngesikhathi sokuhamba ngemithambo, lezi zingxenye ze-plasma yegazi zinamathela ebubini endaweni yama-microdamage, okuholela ekwakhiweni kwama-deposits kulezi zindawo. Amadiphozi akhiwe nge-cholesterol namafutha, ayingxenye yegazi.
Le nqubo iholela ekwakhekeni kwe-cholesterol plaque, okuthi ngokuqhubeka kwayo lesi sifo sikhule ngosayizi. Ukwakheka okunjalo komzimba kubethela ukukhanya kwethambo lomthambo wegazi.
Ukwehla kwethamo legazi elijikeleza i-unit ngayinye ngomthambo wegazi kanye nesivinini sokujikeleza kwegazi kuholela ekunqotshweni kwemithambo emincane. Ukuqhubeka okwengeziwe kwengcindezi kuholela ekulimaleni kwezicubu zezitho ezahlukahlukene ezihlinzekwa ngegazi ngomkhumbi olimele.
Ukwephulwa kokudla kwamaseli wezicubu nokuhlinzekwa komoya-mpilo kubo kuholela ekuphazamisweni ekusebenzeni kwesitho.
Izimbangela eziphambili ze-atherosclerosis kushukela
Umuthi wanamuhla uveze ubudlelwano obucacile phakathi kwesifo sikashukela ne-atherossteosis.
Uma inkambo yesifo sikashukela ihambisana nokukhula komfutho we-arterial emzimbeni womguli, khona-ke i-atherosclerotic lesion yemithambo yegazi yenzeka ngesimo esithe xaxa.
Enye yezindlela ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ze-pathogenetic ekwakhiweni kwe-atherosulinosis yesifo sikashukela ngukukhipha okwezimpawu eziphansi zabantu abasebenza ngokuqinile (lip density lipoprotein). I-pathology yesistimu ye-vascular of the lowguma yenzeka izikhathi ezi-4 kaningi phakathi kwabesilisa nezikhathi eziyi-6.4 kaningi kwabesifazane abanesifo sikashukela uma kuqhathaniswa neziguli ezingenaso isifo sikashukela.
Amazinga aphezulu eglucose akhuphula isimo se-pyroxidant futhi aholele kusebenze kwe-atherogeneis, okunyusa ubungozi bezilonda zamaseli.
Izimbangela eziphambili zokuthuthuka kwe-atherosclerosis yamaphethelo aphansi emzimbeni wesiguli esinesifo sikashukela yilezi:
- Ukwehla okukhulu kwezinga lokuzivocavoca nsuku zonke.
- Ukushintsha ukudla futhi kungeniswe kumenyu inani elikhulu lokudla okugcwele amafutha nama-carbohydrate, kufaka phakathi nalawo omsuka wokufakelwa.
- Inani elikhulayo lokucindezela okuvela emzimbeni empilweni yesimanjemanje, ukuvela okuvame kwezimo ezidinga ukucindezelwa okungokomzwelo nezinguquko esigqini sempilo.
Ngaphezu kwalezi zizathu, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-atherosclerosis kungahle kube ngenxa yesenzo emzimbeni womuntu walezi zinto ezilandelayo:
- inani elanele le-insulin ekhiqizwa emzimbeni yi-pancreas, ukuntuleka kwe-insulin kuholela ekuphazamisweni kwe-lipid metabolism;
- ukwehla kwenkomba yokubekezelela udonga lwe-vascular kuma-carbohydrate kanye nokwanda kwe-fragility yezindonga zemithambo yegazi;
- inkambo ende nesinzima yesifo sikashukela;
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinga lokuthuthuka kwe-atherosclerosis yamaphethelo aphansi likhishwa ngekhwalithi yokuncephezelwa esigulini esinesimo se-hyperglycemia.
Izimpawu zokukhula kwe-atherosclerosis emzimbeni onesifo sikashukela
I-Atherossteosis yemikhumbi emincane nemikhulu yemikhawulo ephansi kuholela ekuphazamisweni ekusebenzeni kwabo. Imikhumbi yamaphethelo aphansi ngokuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela emzimbeni ihlaselwa izinguquko ze-atherosclerotic.
Ukwelashwa kwe-atherosclerosis kudinga ukwelashwa isikhathi eside kwezidakamizwa, futhi uma kungekho mphumela omuhle ngesikhathi sokugula nesimo sesiguli siba sibi kakhulu, ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa.
Isikhathi sokuvuselelwa ngemuva kokwelashwa sinesikhathi eside. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga ohlelweni lwe-vascular.
Izimpawu ezibonakala kakhulu ze-atherosclerosis yamaphethelo aphansi kwisifo sikashukela yilezi ezilandelayo:
- Ukuvela kokukhulumisana okuthile ngezikhathi ezithile noma okuthiwa.
- Ukubonakala kobuhlungu ngenkathi uhamba, futhi kwezinye izimo ngisho nasekuphumuleni.
- Ukubonakala komzwa wokuxinana emilenzeni, ikakhulukazi endaweni yonyawo nomlenze ophansi.
- Ukubukeka emaphethelweni aphansi, ikakhulukazi ezinyaweni, umuzwa wama-goosebumps.
- Ukuvela kokuzwa kokulunywa okuncane emilenzeni nakwamanye ama-paresthesias.
Esigabeni sokuqala sokukhula kwezinkinga, isikhumba semilenze sithola umbala ophuzi, okuthi kamuva kube yi-cyanosis yesimilo. Ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa kwesikhumba endaweni yokuthuthuka kwezinkinga esilevini esithintekile kuyabonakala.
Esigabeni sokuqala sokuqhubeka kwalesi sifo, kwehla ukuqubuka kwezimpawu zokubeletha kubonakala ezindaweni ezibizwa ngokuthi yi-pulpation emikhunjini emikhulu etholakala ku-groin naku-bend popliteal. Ngokuzayo, into efanayo ibonwa nge-palpation yoshizi emikhunjini yomlenze ophansi.
Ukuqhubeka phambili kwalesi sifo kuholela ekubonakala kwezilonda ezinde zokungaphili. Ukwelashwa kwamanxeba anjalo kunzima kakhulu impela ngenxa yokuthuthuka kwe-atherosclerosis. Ukungezelelwa okwengeziwe ekwelapheni amanxeba angalapheki kungukuqukethwe okwandisiwe koshukela emzimbeni wesiguli.
I-atherossteosis esefomini ethuthukile iholela ekuthuthukisweni kwezinkinga zezigelekeqe ezinqeni ezithintekile.
Ukwelashwa kwalolu hlobo lokuxakeka, ukuthuthukiswa kwalo okucasulwa ukuthuthuka kwe-atherosclerosis, kuvame ukwenziwa ngosizo lokungenelela kokuhlinzwa. Izinqubo zokuhlinza zenziwa esimweni sesibhedlela sezikhungo zezokwelapha.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-atherosclerosis iyakwazi ukuqhubeka ngesivinini esencane esemncane.
Ngalesi sizathu, ukutholwa ushukela wegazi ngokweqile kanye nokwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi okuhloswe ngalo ukwenza izinga leshukela emzimbeni kubaluleke kakhulu.
Ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela isifo sokuqaqamba kwamalunga
Umuthi wanamuhla ubheka izindlela ezimbili zokwelapha i-atherosclerosis yamaphethelo aphansi.
Izindlela ezinjalo zokwelashwa ziyizifundo zokwelapha zokuphuza umuthi, ezinconyelwe ukusetshenziselwa lapho kwenziwa umphumela wezokwelapha ekuguleni.
Ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa kwenziwa kuphela lapho ukusetshenziswa kwemithi ekhethekile ngokuhlangana nokudla okulungisiwe kanye nokuhlinzekwa komzimba okwenziwe emzimbeni emzimbeni kungavumeli ukuthola umphumela oyifunayo.
Ukwelashwa kwe-atherosclerosis lapho kunesifo sikashukela esigulini kwenziwa ngezindlela eziningi.
Izici eziyinhloko zokwelashwa yilezi:
- Ukwenza ukwelashwa okwanele kwe-hypoglycemic. Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi efanelekile ye-hypoglycemic ngomlomo noma umthamo odingekayo we-insulin yokwenziwa ikuvumela ukuthi ulawule izinga loshukela emzimbeni wesiguli ngaphakathi kwesimo esinqunywe ngokomzimba. Ukungabikho koshukela omningi egazini kusiza ukuvimbela ukulimala kwe-endothelial ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi.
- Ukulawulwa kwesisindo somzimba kanye nokulwa nokukhuluphala kukuvumela ukuthi ugweme ukuthuthukiswa kokukhuluphala emzimbeni. Ukwehlisa ama-lipids ne-cholesterol kunciphisa ingozi yokubunjelwa kwe-cholesterol plaque ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi elimele.
- Ukwelashwa kokuphakama kwezimo ezinomfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye nokuqina kwengcindezi yegazi esigulini ikuvumela ukuba ukhulule ukucindezelwa emisipha yenhliziyo, izinso nobuchopho.
- Ukwenqaba imikhuba emibi nokugcina indlela esebenzayo yenza lula ukwelashwa kwe-atherosulinotic pathologies.
Ukuqaliswa kokwelashwa kufanele kufake izindlela ezihlanganisiwe. Ukwelashwa kwe-atherosclerosis kufanele kwenziwe ngokuhambisana nokwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela.
Izindlela zokuvimbela okuhloswe ngazo ukuvimbela i-atherossteosis kufanele zenziwe ngabanesifo sikashukela noma isiguli singenazimpawu zokuphazamiseka.
Ividiyo ekulesi sihloko izokhuluma ngezindlela zokwelapha isifo sokuqina kwesifo sikashukela.
