Indoda yesimanje iya ngokuya ibhekana nengcindezi, lokhu kungenxa yezici eziningi, ikakhulukazi ngokusebenza ngokweqile, ukwehla kwamandla. Umphumela wempilo engenakulungiswa wukudla okungenampilo okuhambisana nokusetshenziswa kaningi kokudla okunama-khalori aphezulu, amaswidi noshukela omhlophe.
Ngasikhathi sinye, izindleko zamandla azihambelani nenani lokudla okutholakele emzimbeni. Uma uqhubeka ngokungayinaki imithetho yokudla olinganiselayo, ukwephulwa kwe-carbohydrate metabolism kungekudala kuzoqala, bese kuthayipha uhlobo 2 lwesifo sikashukela.
Odokotela batusa ukuthi bangazibandakanyi noshukela nama-carbohydrate asheshayo, uma isifo sikashukela seluvele sitholakele, isiguli kudingeka sisebenzise indawo kashukela. Izithako ezinjalo zokudla okunempilo zingaba zemvelo noma zenziwe ngezinto zokwenziwa.
I-Sucrose noma ushukela inenani eliphakeme lokudla, ososayensi bezama isikhathi eside ukuzama ukuthola into ethatha indawo ye-carbohydrate futhi akubangeli ukwanda kwe-glycemia. Kodwa-ke, ngasikhathi sinye, umkhiqizo kufanele ugculise umzimba ngezinto ezisebenzayo zokulandela umkhondo kanye namavithamini.
Kuqala, abanesifo sikashukela babehlinzekwa esikhundleni soshukela, okuyiqiniso, abangama-polyalcohols, bafaka izinto:
- i-lactitol;
- i-xylitol;
- i-sorbitol;
- maltitol;
- ukuheha;
- isomalt.
Ekupheleni kwekhulu leminyaka elidlule, umuntu obambele ushukela, i-E968, owaziwa nangokuthi i-erythritol, waklanyelwa ukunciphisa ukulinyazwa okuvela kuleyo mithi. Umkhiqizo unezinzuzo eziningi ezibalulekile, ikakhulukazi into iyaziswa ngobunjalo bayo bemvelo.
Izinzuzo eziphambili zomuthi
Erythrol yini? Umuthi utholakala kweminye imifino nezithelo, futhi ezimweni zezimboni kukhishwa ezintweni ezenziwe ngesitashi, isibonelo, i-tapioca kanye nommbila zivame ukusetshenziswa. Ubuchwepheshe be-Fermentation benziwa kusetshenziswa imvubelo yemvelo ehlukaniswe ngokukhethekile kusuka impova kusuka ezitshalweni eziwile zingene ezinyosi zezinyosi.
Ubuchwepheshe buvumela ukuqina kwezimpahla, okubalulekile uma usebenzisa i-erythritol ngesikhathi sokwenza imikhiqizo ye-confectionery kanye neyokubhaka. Uma siqhathanisa i-erythrol ne-sucrose, ine-hygroscopicity ephansi, esiza futhi iphakamise impilo yeshelufu lento.
Isengezo sokudla i-white crystalline powder efana ne-sucrose ekunambithekeni. Ngokuqhathanisa lezi zinto ezimbili ngobumnandi, isilinganiso silinganiselwa ku-60 kuye kwayi-100. Ngamanye amagama, umuntu ongamfaka esikhundleni esimnandi impela, angangena esikhundleni sikashukela ohlaziywe.
Umuthi ungowama-alcohols aqukethe ushukela, ukumelana kwamakhemikhali komkhiqizo kuphezulu, kuyamelana ne:
- Amagciwane;
- isikhunta;
- izifo.
Njengoba ukubuyekezwa kukhombisa, i-sweetener inikeza umuzwa "wokuphola", upholisa kancane. Umphumela ofanayo utholakala ngokudonsa ukushisa ngenkathi kuchithwa uketshezi. Lesi sici sinomthelela ekwakhekeni kwamapharamitha wokunambitheka angajwayelekile, kwesinye isikhathi akhuphula ubukhulu besikhala sikashukela.
Njengoba i-sweetener inesisindo esiphansi samangqamuzana, ifakwa ngokuphelele, ayizikhipheli ukuvutshelwa, ngaleyo ndlela iqede ukungaphenduki komzimba okungafuneki.
Ungayisebenzisa kuphi i-erythritol
Lapho uhlanganisa i-erythritol ngezinsimbi ezinoshukela ezinamandla, kutholwa umphumela kanyekanye, i-synergism kungenxa yokuthi ubumnandi bengxube buba kaningana kukhulu ngokunambitheka kwengqikithi yezithako ezakha ukwakheka. Leli khono lithuthukisa ukunambitheka kwengxube esetshenzisiwe, kwenza kube lula ukuthola ukugcwala kokunambitheka.
Ngokusho kocwaningo oluningi, kuyacaca ukuthi isengezo esidliwayo asithathwa umzimba wesifo sikashukela. Umuthi usiza ukufezekisa ubumnandi obulungile ngokuvikela ukwanda kokuqukethwe kwekhalori yesitsha, ukwanda kwamazinga we-glycemic, nokuphazamiseka enhlalakahleni yesiguli esinesifo sikashukela.
Ama-Nutritionists atusa ukusetshenziswa kwe-erythritol ukusiza iziguli ezinokuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic. Odokotela banesiqiniseko sokuthi ukusetshenziswa ngendlela ehlelekile komkhiqizo akulimazi i-enamel yezinyo, okungenakushiwo ngoshukela, imiphumela yokuphikisana nomthetho iye yabonwa.
Ngakho-ke, i-erythritol isetshenziselwa ukwenziwa kwe:
- izinyo lamazinyo;
- imikhiqizo yokuhlanzeka ngomlomo;
- ukuhlafuna insini.
Izinkampani ezenza umuthi zisebenzisa umuthi ukwenza amaphilisi; zisiza kahle ukunambitheka okungemnandi, okumunyu, okuthe ngqo kwemithi.
Inhlanganisela enhle kakhulu yezimpawu ze-physico-zamakhemikhali nezokuzivocavoca zenza ushukela abambe iqhaza ekufuneni ekukhiqizeni imikhiqizo kafulawa neyokudilizwa. Ukwethulwa kwe-sweetener ekudleni kukhulisa ukuqina kokudla, kukhulisa isikhathi sokulondolozwa.
Ukwenziwa kukashokholethi weziguli ezinesifo sikashukela kwenziwa ngokunembile ngokufakwa kwe-erythritol. Ukuqina okuthuthukile kwesengezo sokudla kwenza ukuthi sikwazi ukuhambisa (ukuhlanganisa isikhathi eside) ushokoledi noma kumazinga okushisa aphezulu kakhulu.
Baqala ukunaka kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlobo zesimanje zeziphuzo ezisuselwa ku-sweetener, izinzuzo zabo yilezi:
- ukunambitheka okuhle;
- ubuncane bokuqukethwe kwekhalori;
- kungenzeka ukusetshenziswa kwesifo sikashukela;
- Izici ze-antioxidant.
Iziphuzo azikwazi ukulimaza isidalwa esibuthakathaka sesifo sikashukela; zifuneka kakhulu phakathi kwabathengi. Noma kusetshenziswa isikhathi eside isengezo sokudla, akukho okubi empilweni, okuqinisekiswa yizilingo eziningi ezinobuthi nezomtholampilo zezinga lomhlaba jikelele.
Ochwepheshe bathi umuthi unesimo esiphezulu sokuphepha, inkambiso yansuku zonke ayinemikhawulo. Kuyavela ukuthi into yemvelo njengamanje iyindawo ethathe indawo kashukela omhlophe konke okungenzeka. Ukuphepha okuphelele kwenza ukuthi sikwazi ukuyisebenzisa kwiziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo lokuqala nolwesibili, ngaphandle kokuvusa ukonakala kokuphila kahle kanye nokungafani kwe-glycemia.
Ngokubambisana ne-stevia (i-stevioside), i-sucralose nezinye izinongo ezimnandi, i-erythritol iyingxenye yezindawo ezinoshukela abaningi, okuthandwa kakhulu yiFitparad.
Ukulimala okungenzeka, ukubekezelelana
Izici ezinenzuzo zesengezo sokudla zithole ukusetshenziswa kwempilo yansuku zonke, ekukhiqizeni. Ucwaningo lwesayensi lukhombisile ukuthi umkhiqizo uphephile ngokuphelele emzimbeni, awunayo imiphumela enobuthi.
Ngokusekelwe kulokhu, into ibonwa njengesengezo sokuphephile sokudla, ingatholakala ngaphansi kwelebuli E968. Zonke izakhiwo ezibalulekile ze-sweetener zisobala: okuqukethwe kwe-calorie zero, inkomba ye-insulin encane, ukuvimbela ama-caries.
Ukuphela kwento okufanele uyiqaphele umphumela we-laxative nokusetshenziswa ngokweqile (amagremu angaphezu kwama-30 ngasikhathi). Ukweqisa okwenzeka lapho isiguli sithokozela ithuba elihle kakhulu lokudla ukudla okumnandi ngaphandle kokuyekethisa impilo, siphelelwe umuzwa wokulingana futhi siqale ukuhlukumeza i-erythritis. Ngesinye isikhathi, amathisipuni angaphezu kwayisihlanu ento engathandeki ukuyisebenzisa, udokotela kumele atshele onesifo sikashukela ngakho.
Njeng neminye imikhiqizo, ushukela ophuza ngokweqile uvusa ukusabela okungathandeki komzimba, lokhu kufaka:
- izihlalo ezikhululekile;
- iminyakazo
- ukuthopha.
Lokhu kuphazamiseka kubangelwa ukumuncwa okungalungile kwento ngamathumbu amancane, nokuvutshelwa koloni. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi i-erythritol ine-digestibility ephezulu kakhulu phakathi kwezidakamizwa ezinoshukela; imiphumela engathandeki ayenzeki isikhathi eside ngokuxhashazwa kwezidakamizwa.
Okunye okubalulekile kokungeziwe kokudla ukuthi akukhona umlutha futhi umlutha, njengoba kunjalo ngoshukela omhlophe.
I-Fitparad
I-Fitparad yeshukela ephethe ushukela iyisengezo sokudla esine-erythritol. Ngaphezu kwakho, umkhiqizo uqukethe i-stevioside, i-sucralose, i-rosehip ekhishwe.
IStevioside iyi-sweetener yemvelo yemvelo, ikhishwa esitshalweni se-stevia (ibizwa nangokuthi yi-honey utshani). Igremu elilodwa lezinto zemvelo liqukethe amakhalori angama-0,2 kuphela, uma kuqhathaniswa kufanele kukhonjiswe ukuthi amanye amakhilogremu angama-20 ngaphezulu kugremu. Kukholakala ukuthi le nto iphephe kakhulu kwiziguli ezinesifo sikashukela, ukukhishwa kuzoba yingozi kuphela lapho kukhona ukungabekezelelani.
Kodwa-ke, i-stevia akufanele isetshenziswe ngemithi ethile, amaphilisi ukwehlisa i-glycemia, izidakamizwa ezilwa ne-hypertensive, noma umuthi wokujwayela ukugxila kwe-lithium.
Kwezinye izimo, ukusetshenziswa kwe-stevia akhiphe kubangele izimpawu ezingemnandi, phakathi kwazo:
- Ubuhlungu bemisipha
- ukuphefumula kwenhliziyo;
- isiyezi.
Contraindication ozoyisebenzisa ukukhulelwa, isikhathi sokuncelisa ibele. Into ethatha indawo kashukela, hhayi nje ingxenye yeFitparada, ingathengwa ekhemisi. Njengoba i-stevia imnandi izikhathi eziningi kunoshukela omhlophe, ukuyinikeza ukunambitheka uzodinga ukuthatha inani elincane. Isengezo sokudla singamelana nokushisa kufinyelela kumakhulu amabili degrees, ngenxa yalesi sizathu kwesinye isikhathi sisetshenziselwa ukubhaka.
Enye isithako semvelo esetshenziswa ne-erythritol yi-rosehip ekhishwe. Umuthi uhlala usetshenziselwa ukwenziwa kwezimonyo, embonini, njengesidakamizwa.
Ukuqanjwa kwesiqalo se-rosehip kuqukethe inani lerekhodi le-ascorbic acid, elibalulekile entuthweni yesifo sikashukela esibuthakathaka. Kepha kuyadingeka futhi ukukhumbula ukuthi kwezinye iziguli lokhu kuhlanganiswa kungenzeka kungathandeki, ngoba kungenzeka ukuthi kube nemikhuba yokungezwani komzimba.
Ingxenye yokugcina eyingxenye yezindlela zokulungiswa kwe-glycemia kushukela fitparad, yi-sucralose. Le nto yaziwa ngabaningi njengesengezo sokudla esibhalwe i-E955, futhi ekufakweni kwe-sweetener kukhonjiswa ukuthi i-sucralose ikhishwa ushukela.
Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza buyinkimbinkimbi impela, kubandakanya izigaba eziningana ezilandelanayo lapho kukhona ushintsho ekwakhekeni kwamangqamuzana ezinhlayiya zoshukela. Kufanele kuthiwe akunakwenzeka ukuthi igama elithi sucralose liyinto yemvelo ngokuphelele, ngoba likhona emvelweni.
Umuthi wavunywa ukuthi usetshenziswe ngasekupheleni kwekhulu leminyaka edlule. Kuze kube yileso sikhathi, kwenziwa ucwaningo oluningi lwesayensi ukuthola ubuthi bomkhiqizo, ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ubuthi bube nakho, kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezinqubo ze-oncological. Kuze kube manje, abukho iqiniso elilodwa eliqinisekisiwe lomphumela ofanayo wento emzimbeni womuntu.
Futhi akukho mininingwane ukuthi ngabe i-Sucralose iyingozi e-Fitparad, kepha uma ubheka uhlobo lokwenziwa kwesengezo sokudla, akufanele ulusebenzise kabi. Kwesinye isifo sikashukela, ukuphazamiseka okuhlukahlukene kanye nokuphendula okuhlukile kungenzeka ngaphansi kwethonya le-sweetener, kufaka phakathi:
- isifo sohudo
- Ubuhlungu bemisipha
- ukudumba;
- ikhanda
- ukwephulwa kokukhishwa komchamo;
- ukungakhululeki emgodini wesisu.
Singaphetha ngokuthi indawo ebushukela yohlobo lwe-Fitparad ngokuvamile ilusizo futhi iphephile, iqukethe izinto ezibalulekile ezithathwe ezintweni ezingavuthiwe zemvelo. Ngaphezu kwe-sucralose, konke kwenzeka emvelweni, kudlule amasheke amaningi. Inani lokudla komsoco lungamakhilogremu ama-3 kumagremu ayikhulu, okuphindwe izikhathi eziningana kunaleso sikashukela esikhanyisiwe nezinye izikhala zikashukela.
Ingxenye ewusizo ye-erythritol ayithinti i-microflora yamathumbu, cishe i-90% yento ifakwa egazini futhi ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile ikhishwe emzimbeni. Ama-10% asele afinyelela engxenyeni yesisu lapho i-microflora ezuzisayo ikhona, kepha ayigaywa futhi ayikwazi ukubiliswa, ikhishwa ngendlela yemvelo.
Ama-sweeteners awusizo kakhulu futhi aphephile achazwe kuvidiyo kule ndatshana.
