Ukuhlolwa kwe-Ultrasound kungenye yezindlela zokuthola ukugula kwezifo ze-pancreatic. Indlela yethuluzi ayisebenzi kakhulu, kepha yenziwa kaningi ngokuqhathaniswa nezivivinyo ezibizayo: i-magnetic resonance imaging ne-CT.
I-Ultrasound ingabona ushintsho lokuguquguqula kumanyikwe. Lesi akusona isifo, kodwa ushintsho olufanayo kwezicubu ezithambile. Ushintsho alubalulekile noma lubanzi, olukhombisa ukuthuthukiswa kwama-pathologies amakhulu.
Ucwaningo lususelwa ekukhuphukeni noma ekuncipheni kwe-echogenicity yezitho zangaphakathi, okukuvumela ukuthi uthole i-anomaly. Uma ama-pancreas enempilo, khona-ke i-echo ijwayelekile. Lapho ukwanda kwesibalo se-parenchyma kubhekwa, kuthathelwa indawo izicubu ezithintekayo, ukwanda kwe-echogenicity; ngokwehla kwesibalo - kuyancipha.
Izimpawu ze-Echo zisiza ekuboneni i-pancreatitis eyingozi futhi engamahlalakhona, ukwephulwa kwe-digestibility ushukela, i-purulent abscesses, i-fibrosis, i-tumor neoplasms, njll. Bheka izimpawu zokushintshana koshintsho lwamanyikwe nokuthi ungalapha kanjani.
I-Etiology yezinguquko zokusetshenziswa
Izinguquko ezibucayi e-gland azithathwa njengesifo esizimele, ziyinkomba yenqubo ethile engajwayelekile. Ukwanda / ukuncipha ngosayizi wesitho, noma ukushuba okuphezulu kwezicubu nokwakheka kwawo, kuwuphawu lwezinqubo zokuvuvukala, ushintsho oluhlobene nobudala, i-sclerosis yemithambo yegazi emincane kakhulu.
Ukwakheka kwendlala kufaka izingxenye ezintathu - inhloko, umzimba kanye nomsila. Izinguquko zingathinta ingxenye ethile yomzimba noma yonke. Izimbangela zalesi simo se-pathological zihlukahlukene. Kwimidwebo eminingi, i-etiology ingenxa yokwehluleka kwezinqubo ze-metabolic.
Kubantu beqembu labantu asebekhulile nabanesifo sikashukela abanokuzwa kwethamo eliphansi lezicubu ze-glandular. Futhi ivolumu elahlekile iyatholakala ngokwakhiwa kwezicubu ze-lipid. Ukuguqulwa okunjalo akusona isifo; ukwelashwa akudingekile.
Kodwa-ke, emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound kuzobhalwa: i-DIPI nge-echogenicity eyengeziwe ngokumelene nesizinda sobukhulu obujwayelekile besitho sangaphakathi.
Ukuguqulwa okunjalo kuyakwazi ukutholwa ngokufaka esikhundleni sezicubu ezonakele ngesembozo esibonakalayo sendalo efanayo. I-iron ayiguquki ubukhulu bayo, noma inciphe kancane. Umtholampilo onjalo ususelwa ezinqubweni zokuwohloka emzimbeni noma utholakala esigabeni esibi se-pancreatitis. Uma isifo sokugcina asiqinisekisiwe, khona-ke ukwelashwa akudingeki.
Izizathu zoshintsho:
- Imikhuba emibi yokudla, ukwanda kokudla okumnandi, okubabayo, ufulawa, okunamafutha nokudla okunosawoti ekudleni.
- Isakhi sofuzo.
- Ukucindezelwa okungapheli, i-neurosis.
- I-Pathology yendlela yokugaya.
- Ukuthatha umuthi.
I-DIPI ivame ukutholakala ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela i-mellitus. Izimbangela ezisheshayo ukukhiqizwa okunganele kwento ye-hormonal - insulin. Ezigulini, ukugcwala kweglucose kuyanda, ushukela uyatholakala kumchamo.
Izinguquko kulolu hlelo zidinga ukwelashwa okuqondile okugxile ekuqedeni umthombo oyinhloko - isifo sikashukela.
Umtholampilo wokuguquguqula izinguquko kumanyikwe
Ukubonakaliswa kwemitholampilo yokuguqulwa kokuguqulwa kwesitho kubangelwa yindlela ethile ebacasulayo. Izimpawu eziphambili zibandakanya ukuphazamiseka komgudu wokugaya ukudla - isifo sohudo, ukhuphuka kwegesi, isicanucanu, ukugabha, ukuthokomala, ukuncipha kokudla, ukungakhululeki esiswini.
Kwi-pancreatitis eyingozi, ukwanda kwengcindezi kuyabonakala emiseleni yesitho, okuholela kulimaza isitho sangaphakathi, futhi ama-enzyme wokugaya aphuma ngezicubu ze-gland. Ngenxa yalokhu, kancane kancane babhujiswa, okuholela ekudakweni.
Izimpawu: i-tachycardia enzima, ukwehla okubukhali kwamapharamitha we-arterial, ukuhlanza okuphindaphindiwe, izinhlungu ezinzima. Ngalesi sithombe, ukwelashwa kuyadingeka esibhedlela, kwesinye isikhathi ukungenelela okuhlinza kuyadingeka.
Izimpawu zokushintsha okuguqukayo kuya ngesifo:
- Uma imbangela iyindlela engapheli yesifo se-pancreatitis, khona-ke umtholampilo unesimo esivele sikhona. Ukuvuvukala kwensimbi, ukujikijela okuncane kuyabonakala. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isitho siba sincane, ukukhiqizwa kwama-enzyme kuyaphazamiseka. Lapho lesi sifo siqhubeka, izinhlungu ziqina.
- Lapho imbangela kuyi-fibrosis, ekuqaleni izimpawu azibonakali. Ngalesi ukuvuvukala, izicubu zithathelwa indawo indawo yokuxhuma. Ukukhiqizwa kwama-enzymes wokugaya kanye nama-hormone kuyancishiswa. Isigaba sokuqala sinezimpawu ze-pancreatitis. Esikhathini esizayo, ukusabela kwe-allergic kuyajoyina, ukwehla kokuhlanganiswa kwe-insulin, okucasulayo ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela i-mellitus.
- Lapho imbangela ye-lipomatosis inqubo engalungiseki. Izicubu ezinempilo ziguqulwa ku-lipid. Njengoba amangqamuzana amafutha angenakusebenza njengama-enzymes wokugaya ukudla, lokhu kuholela ekuphazamiseni ukugaya, izinkinga ngesitulo, isicanucanu, nokuhlanza.
Uma i-lipomatosis ibonakala ngokusatshalaliswa okulinganiselwe, khona-ke izimpawu azikho, zihlanganiswa kalula ngokuxineka okuncane.
Nge-lesion enkulu, i-parenchyma icindezelwa izicubu ze-lipid, okuholela ebuhlungwini nasekuphatheni isitho somzimba.
Ushintsho lwabazali
Izinguquko ezinzima ku-pancreatic parenchyma - umbhalo onjalo uvame ukutholakala esiphethweni se-ultrasound. Lo mugqa osesimweni semiphumela akusho ukuthi uzoxilongwa, kepha kushiwo kuphela ukuhlolwa.
Ngokuphikisana nesizinda sezinguquko zokuguquguquka ku-parenchyma, kunokuguqulwa okufana kwezicubu zesitho, azikho i-calculi, ukugxila kwendawo inqubo yokuvuvukala, iqiniso noma i-pseudocysts, i-tumor neoplasms.
Izifo eziholela kwezinguquko ku-parenchyma:
- Uhlobo olubi lwe-pancreatitis. I-Pathology iba ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kokuphuma kokukhululwa kanye nokuvuvukala esitho.
- Uhlobo olungamahlalakhona lwe-pancreatitis lwenzeka ngenxa yezinqubo ze-pathological ku-gallbladder (cholecystitis), isibindi (steatosis).
- Isifo sikashukela i-mellitus sivame ukuhambisana nenqubo engejwayelekile - izicubu ezinempilo zithathelwa indawo yizicubu ze-lipid, ukukhula komzimba okunamafutha.
Ngaphezu kokunwebeka kwendlala, uchwepheshe wezokwelapha ku-ultrasound uphawula i-echogenicity. Le ngenye yamapharamitha abaluleke kakhulu ekuvumela ukuthi uhlole ubungako nokufana kwesitho. Uma kutholakala i-echogenicity ephansi noma ephezulu, ezinye izindlela zokuxilonga ziyadingeka ngokungeziwe.
Ukwanda kwe-echogenicity kukhombisa lipomatosis - izicubu ze-parenchymal zithathelwa indawo izicubu ze-adipose; mayelana ne-pancreatitis ebukhali futhi engamahlalakhona - ukuvuvukala kuholela ku-edema, okuholela ekushintsheni kobukhulu be-parenchyma; ukuvuvukala ngokuba khona kwe-fibrosis.
Ukubekwa phambili kwengxenye ye-pancreas esezingeni eliphansi kubonisa ukushoda kwamangqamuzana abhekene nomsebenzi we-exocrine kanye ne-intrasecretory function. Ama-tumor neoplasms angakheka kusuka kumaseli ahambile.
Izinga lokunqotshwa
Izinga le-DIPA lihlukile. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, ukuba khona kwezinguquko kuhlala kukhombisa inqubo ye-pathological - isimila, i-cyst, amatshe kuma-pancreas, izinqubo ezihlangene zokuvuvukala, njll.
Ukuguqulwa okuncane kukhombisa umlando wokuvuvukala, ukudla okungenampilo nokucindezelwa okungapheli. Uma izinto ezicasulayo ziqediwe, khona-ke isithombe singabuyiselwa emuva. Ukwehluleka ukulandela lesi sincomo kungaholela ekuguleni okukhulu ngokuzayo.
Izinguquko ezilinganiselayo zitholakala kubantu abadala ngokuvuvukala, okwaholela ekutheni i-edema ye-organ. Imbangela i-pancreatitis. Uma kungekho zivalo, lokhu kungukuguqulwa okulinganiselayo.
I-DIPI engatholakali yinqubo engajwayelekile engathinti ukusebenza kwesitho. Isitho esiphilile sinemingcele ebushelelezi, kukhona ukufana kwezicubu. Lapho i-heterogeneity itholwa, esikhundleni sayo izicubu ezinempilo zinama-adipose noma izicubu ezithintekayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isakhiwo se-granular sikhona.
Izimbangela zokushintshwa okungacatshangelwa kuyindlela yokuqina kwesibeletho noma yempilo engapheli, izinguquko ezihlobene nobudala emzimbeni, i-pathology yesistimu yenhliziyo, izitho zokugaya ukudla, ukungalingani kwe-hormonal (ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa). I-Etiology ingahlotshaniswa ne-genetic predisposition, izifo zokuvuvukala.
Izinguquko ezimakwe ziwuphawu olukhulu. Kucasulwa yi-pathologies ethile noma ukuvuvukala. Ngalo mphumela, i-ultrasound kumele yenze izifundo ezingeziwe zendlela yokugaya ukudla.
I-DIP evame ukuvezwa kakhulu ingumphumela wezifo:
- I-pancreatitis eyingozi iholela ekuxhakazeni ijusi le-pancreatic. Isiguli sinobuhlungu obukhulu, ukuhlanza, isicanucanu. Ukwehlisa ubukhulu bezimpawu, kuyadingeka ukuphumula izicubu zomgudu wokugaya ukudla, ukucindezela umsebenzi we-gland. Ochwepheshe bezokwelapha banquma izidakamizwa ezinomphumela wokulwa nokuvuvukala kwemvelo okungeyona eye-steroidal noma amaphilisi anezidakamizwa. Ukwelashwa ngokuhlinzwa akuhlanganisiwe.
- Kwi-pancreatitis engapheli, i-DI kuthiwa futhi ilingene ngokulinganayo - isigaba sokuxolelwa. Ukwelashwa kuyafana nefomu elinamandla. Ngokwengeziwe, ungasebenzisa amakhambi abantu - ama-decoctions asuselwa kumakhambi okwelapha.
Izinguquko eziguquguqukayo ze-dystrophic - lipodystrophy. Lesi sifo sihlotshaniswa nokushoda kwezicubu ze-lipid, okuholela ekuguqulweni kwe-patological of izicubu zezitho.
Izimpawu ze-pathology ku-ultrasound
Imvamisa, ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound kukhombisa ukuthi ukwakheka kwesitho akunamqondo owodwa, izimpawu ezingekho nhlobo azikho. I-Echogenicity ilingana nesibindi, ubanzi. Ungabona ngeso lengqondo zonke izingxenye zesitho, zonke zinosayizi ojwayelekile, nobukhulu.
I-DIPI ekusizeni kwe-ultrasound ngesikhathi ukubona izinguquko ezingejwayelekile, ngokulandelana, ukuqala inkambo eyanele yokwelapha. Ngesikhathi sokufunda, udokotela uhlola ubukhulu, ukwakheka kwesitho sangaphakathi, ukufana / i-heterogeneity yezicubu ezithambile, ukuba khona / ukungabikho kwe-tumor neoplasms.
I-Ultrasound inobunzima obuthile obuhambisana nokwenziwa kwendawo yangaphakathi. Iqiniso ngukuthi litholakala ngemuva kwesisu namathumbu, aqukethe amagesi. Ukuthola umphumela onokwethenjelwa, isiguli kufanele silandele ukudla ngaphambi kokuhlolwa, okuvumela ukunciphisa ukwakheka kwegesi.
I-Ultrasound ihlola ubungako besakhiwo se-pancreatic. Ingakhushulwa noma incishiswe. Qaphela ukuthi lesi sitho sihlobene kakhulu nomsebenzi wesibindi nesinyeambo, okungahle kube "yi-echo" yokwephula ukusebenza kwabo. Ukucacisa ukutholakala okusolwa okuhlobene ne-DIP, udinga ukuhlolwa kwegazi, indle, umchamo, futhi uhlole ipheshana lesisu.
Izinkomba eziphambili ze-ultrasound:
- Ukungakhululeki esiswini ngemuva kokudla.
- Ukuqunjelwa ngezikhathi ezithile nesifo sohudo.
- Ubuhlungu ku-quadrant ephezulu ngakwesobunxele.
- Ukwenyuka kokwenza igesi.
- Kukhuphuka ushukela wegazi.
- Ukuphuzi kwesikhumba, ulwelwesi lwama-mucous.
Kwi-pancreatitis eyingozi, isithwebuli se-ultrasound sibonisa usayizi okhulayo, imingcele efiphele, ukwanda komsele omkhulu. Ukuguqulwa kwe-pathological kwezinye izitho zangaphakathi kuvame ukutholakala. Zihlangene futhi zigcwele emvelweni. I-Ultrasound yamathumba athambile enesimo semvelo esibonakalayo ibonisa izinguquko ezibalulekile. Ngokwesakhiwo sazo, izindikimba ziyafana nezicubu ze-gland, zinosayizi omncane.
I-Ultrasound ene-neoplasm ebulalayo iveza izilonda, zihlukaniswa - ikhanda le-CI noma ukuphazamiseka komsila noma ukulimala komzimba. Ngobubanzi obuncane be-neoplasm, imisebe yama-pancreas iyafana. Ngama-tumors amakhulu, ukuguqulwa kwesikhumba kuyabonakala. Uma kusolwa inqubo enobungozi, kufanele kuthathwe isampula ye-biopsy ukuze kuqhubeke umlando.
Imininingwane etholakele njengomphumela wokuthwebula kwe-Ultra isetshenziswa udokotela noma i-gastroenterologist. Ngolwazi olunganele, kubhekwa imishini yokuxilonga eyengeziwe. Ngokubheka zonke izivivinyo, kwenziwa isifo sokuxilonga, kunikezwa ukwelashwa okufanele.
Mayelana nezinguquko zokuphamba kumanyikwe achazwe kuvidiyo kule athikili.
