Isifo sikashukela sezingane sithathwa njengesifo esiyingozi esingalapheki. Uma kunokwenyuka ushukela wegazi enganeni, izimbangela kufanele zifundwe ukuze kunikezwe ukwelashwa okwanele.
Kuyadingeka ukunaka izimpawu ezincane kakhulu nezimpawu eziholela ekusolisweni kokuba khona kwesifo sikashukela.
Ababelethi kufanele bahlinzeke abantwababo ngentuthuko nokwelashwa ngokuya ngokuxilongwa kwabo. Kubalulekile ukwazi izindlela ze-prophylactic ukuvikela isifo sikashukela.
Izimbangela zokuphambuka kashukela kokujwayelekile
Ukugcwala okukhulu kwe-glucose egazini lengane akubonisi kuzo zonke izimo ukubonisa ubukhona besifo sikashukela mellitus. Imvamisa izinombolo azilungile, ngoba izingane ezinesifo sikashukela azilungiselelwanga kahle ucwaningo, ngokwesibonelo, zidla ukudla ngaphambi kokuhlaziywa.
Ushukela wegazi ophakeme ezinganeni uvame ukuvela ngenxa yokuxineka kwengqondo noma ukucindezelwa. Kulezi zimo, indlala yegilo, indlala ye-adrenal kanye ne-pituitary gland kuqala ukusebenza ngokuzikhandla. Uma ingane idla kakhulu ama-calorie nama-carbohydrate, ushukela wegazi ungakhula kakhulu futhi ngokushesha.
Izizathu zokwanda ushukela wegazi okwesikhashana yilezi:
- uyasha
- umkhuhlane omkhulu onamagciwane,
- ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kwezidakamizwa ezingezona ze-steroidal anti-inflammatory,
- isifo sezinhlungu.
Ushukela ophezulu wegazi, kwezinye izimo, ukhombisa ama-pathologies abucayi kakhulu. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:
- i-pathology ye-gituis pituitary and adrenal,
- ngokweqile
- i-pancreatic neoplasms.
I-insulin yinto ekhethekile eyehlisa ushukela emzimbeni. I-hormone ikhiqizwa kuphela yi-pancreas. Uma ingane ikhuluphele, lapho-ke ama-pancreas akhe aphoqelekile ukuthi asebenze njalo kwimodi ebukhali, okuholela ekunciphiseni kwangaphambi kwezinsizakusebenza kwayo nokwenziwa kwama-pathologies.
Isifo sikashukela ezinshukela ezinganeni sivele uma inkomba kashukela ingaphezulu kuka-6 mmol / l. Ukubonakaliswa kwemitholampilo kungahluka.
Ngenxa kashukela wegazi ophakeme, izifo zingathuthuka:
- uhlelo lwenhliziyo
- uhlelo lwezinzwa
- izinso
- iso.
Izimpawu nezimpawu eziphambili
Izimpawu zikashukela eziphezulu ezinganeni zikhula ngokushesha kakhulu emavikini ambalwa. Uma une-glucometer ekhona, ungathatha izilinganiso ezinganeni ngezinsuku ezahlukahlukene, ukuze kamuva utshele udokotela ngokuboniswa okujwayelekile.
Noma iyiphi i-Symbomatology akufanele inganakwa, ngeke ihambe ngokwayo, isimo sizodla ngokuba sibi kuphela.
Izingane ezihlushwa isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, kodwa ezingakaqali ukwelashwa, ziba nesomiso esingapheli. Ushukela omningi, umzimba uqala ukuthatha umswakama kusuka izicubu namaseli ukuze unciphise ushukela wegazi. Umuntu ufuna ukuphuza amanzi amaningi ahlanzekile, iziphuzo netiye.
I-Liquid esetshenziswa amanani amakhulu idinga ukukhishwa. Ngakho-ke, indlu yangasese ivakashelwa kaningi kakhulu kunokujwayelekile. Ezimweni eziningi, ingane iyaphoqeleka ukuthi iye endlini yangasese ngezikhathi zomsebenzi, okufanele idonsele ukunaka kothisha. Kufanele futhi kuxwayise abazali ukuthi umbhede ngezikhathi ezithile uba manzi.
Umzimba uphelelwa amandla okuxhaphaza i-glucose njengomthombo wamandla ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngakho-ke, amafutha aqala ukushiswa. Ngakho-ke, ingane iba buthaka futhi ibe mancane esikhundleni sokukhula nokuthola isisindo. Njengomthetho, ukunciphisa umzimba kungazelelwe.
Ingane ingakhalaza ngobuthakathaka obungapheli kanye ne-lethargy, ngoba ngenxa yokushoda kwe-insulin ayikho indlela yokuguqula i-glucose ibe amandla adingekayo. Izitho nezicubu zangaphakathi ziqala ukuba nenkinga yokuntuleka kwamandla, ukuthumela amasignali ngalokhu futhi kubangele ukukhathala okungapheli.
Lapho ingane inyusele ushukela, umzimba wayo awukwazi ukugcwala ngokwejwayelekile futhi imunce ukudla. Ngakho-ke, kuhlale kunomuzwa wendlala, naphezu kwenani elikhulu lokudla okudliwayo. Kepha kwesinye isikhathi, ngokungafani nalokho, isifiso sokudla siyancipha. Kulokhu, bakhuluma nge-ketoacidosis yesifo sikashukela, isimo esisongela impilo.
Ngenxa yezinga likashukela ophezulu wegazi, ukuphuma kancane kwezicubu kuqala, okokuqala, kuyingozi ngelensi yeso. Ngakho-ke, kunenkungu emehlweni kanye nokunye ukuphazamiseka okubukwayo. Kepha ingane kungenzeka ingagxili kulezi zinguquko isikhathi eside. Izingane, kaningi, aziqondi ukuthi kwenzekani kuzo, ngoba aziqondi ukuthi umbono wazo uyawohloka.
Amantombazane athuthukisa isifo sikashukela sohlobo loku-1 avame ukuba ne-candidiasis, okungukuthi, i-thrush. Ukutheleleka kwesikhunta ezinganeni ezincane kubangela ukuqunjelwa okukhulu kwe-diaper, okuphela lapho kuphela i-glucose ebuyiselwe kokujwayelekile.
Isifo sikashukela sikashukela siyinkinga edonsa kanzima kwesinye isikhathi eholela ekufeni. Izimpawu zayo eziphambili zingabhekwa:
- isicanucanu
- ukukhuphula umoya
- iphunga le-acetone ephuma emlonyeni,
- ukulahlekelwa amandla
- Ubuhlungu esiswini.
Uma izinyathelo eziphuthumayo zingathathwanga, khona-ke umuntu angahle aqaphele futhi afe esikhathini esifushane. Ngakho-ke, i-ketoacidosis idinga ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo kwezokwelapha.
Ngeshwa, izibalo zezokwelapha zibonisa inani elikhulu lamacala lapho ingane iqala ukwelashwa okulungile kwesifo sikashukela ngemuva kokungena esikhungweni sokunakekelwa okuqinile nesifo sikashukela sikashukela. Bazali akufanele neze bangazinaki izimpawu eziphawuleka ngesifo sikashukela.
Uma unaka iqiniso lokuthi ushukela wegazi waqala ukukhuphuka, udinga ukuxhumana nodokotela wezingane. Abazali kufanele banikeze imininingwane yazo zonke izimpawu zokugula zalesi sifo abazibonayo enganeni.
Isifo sikashukela sezingane yisifo esibi esingalapheki. Kungenzeka ukulawula ukwanda koshukela, uma ulashwa ngendlela efanelekile futhi kungenzeka kumise ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga.
Njengomthetho, izindlela zokulawula i-pathology azithathi imizuzu engaphezu kwe-15 ngosuku.
Ukuhlola
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwenani likashukela ezinganeni kwenziwa ngaphansi kwezimo zezokwelapha, uthango kungaba livela emithanjeni noma ngomunwe. Ushukela wegazi iCapillary nawo unganqunywa elabhorethri noma ekhaya usebenzisa i-glucometer. Ezinganeni ezincane, igazi lingabuye lithathwe esithendeni noma ezinzwaneni.
Ngemuva kokudla ukudla emathunjini, ama-carbohydrate ayaqhekeka, aphenduke ama-monosaccharides alula, afakwe egazini. Kumuntu ophilile, amahora amabili ngemuva kokudla, ushukela uzogobhoza egazini. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlaziywa kokuqukethwe kwayo kubizwa nangokuthi "ushukela wegazi."
Igazi lokunquma izinga loshukela kufanele linikezwe ekuseni esiswini esingenalutho. Ngaphambi kwesifundo, ingane akufanele idle futhi iphuze amanzi amaningi amahora ayishumi. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi lowo muntu usesimweni sokuthula futhi angakhathali ngokuzivocavoca umzimba okuqinile.
Izinga likashukela wengane lincike kuyo yonke iminyaka yakhe nesimo sakhe sempilo. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi i-glycogen yenziwa kusuka ku-glucose emisipha nasibindi, okuyisibalo se-glucose yomzimba, uma ama-carbohydrate angayingenisi ngokudla, noma ngomsebenzi omkhulu womzimba.
I-glucose ikhona kwamanye amaprotheni ayinkimbinkimbi omzimba. Ama-Pentoses ahlanganiswa kusuka kushukela, ngaphandle kwawo akunakwenzeka ukuhlanganisa i-ATP, i-RNA ne-DNA. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-glucose iyadingeka ekwakhekeni kwe-glucuronic acid, ebandakanyeka kokungathathi hlangothi kwe-bilirubin, ubuthi nezidakamizwa.
Le nto ibandakanyeka ezinqubweni eziningi zomzimba, ihambisa igazi kuwo wonke amasistimu nezicubu.
Ukwelashwa kwe-glucose ephezulu yegazi ezinganeni
Ushukela wegazi okhuphukile enganeni, izimbangela zazo esezitholakele, zidinga ukwelashwa okuthile. Uma ukwelashwa kungenziwa, lesi simo sizothinta izitho eziningi nezinhlelo zesitho esikhulayo, okuholela emiphumeleni emibi kakhulu.
Izimpawu nokwelashwa kuxhunyaniswa ngendlela engalingani. Ezimweni eziningi, ukwelashwa kufaka amabhlogo ambalwa abalulekile. Kuyadingeka ukuthatha imishanguzo ebekwe udokotela, futhi ngohlobo 1 sikashukela, yenza imijovo ye-insulin. Ukulawulwa ushukela kwansuku zonke kanye nokubambelela ekudleni okukhethekile kukhonjisiwe.
Uma kutholakala isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, isifo kufanele siphathwe ngokulungisa imishanguzo yemithi, ngoba ngokusebenza isikhathi eside nokusetshenziswa okungafanele, okulandelayo kungavela:
- Isifo sikashukela sikashukela
- isimo se-hypoglycemic.
Kuyadingeka ukunciphisa umkhawulo wokudla okuphezulu kwekhalori nokudla kwe-carbohydrate. Ikakhulu, awukwazi ukudla:
- amakhekhe namaphayi
- amaswidi
- ama-buns
- ushokoledi
- izithelo ezomisiwe
- ujamu.
Kukhona ushukela omningi kulokhu kudla, ongena egazini ngokushesha okukhulu.
Kuyadingeka ukuqala ukusebenzisa:
- zucchini
- ukhukhamba
- utamatisi
- imifino
- iklabishi
- amathanga.
Kuyasiza ukudla isinkwa se-protein-bran, imikhiqizo yobisi, inhlanzi enamafutha aphansi nenyama, amajikijolo nezithelo ezimuncu.
Ungasusa ushukela nge-xylitol, kepha ukudla lokhu okuswelayo akuvunyelwe ngaphezu kwama-30 amagremu ngosuku. Thatha i-fructose ngesilinganiso esilinganiselwe. Ngoshukela omkhulu wegazi, odokotela abancomi ukudla uju.
Uma ushukela wegazi uphakanyisiwe, kubalulekile ukubheka isimo nge-glucometer ephathekayo. Ukulinganisa kufanele kwenziwe izikhathi ezine ngosuku, kubhala izinkomba kubhukwana.
Lapho usebenzisa i-glucometer, ipharamitha ivame ukwanda ngokungenangqondo noma inciphe, ngakho-ke kwesinye isikhathi udinga ukuthatha izivivinyo esikhungweni sezokwelapha. Imichilo yokuhlola imitha ayikwazi ukushiywa elangeni ngqo ukuze ingonakalisi. Ukubuyisela ushukela wegazi, udinga umsebenzi womzimba.
Ukuzivocavoca ezemidlalo kuyaphumelela ikakhulukazi kuhlobo 2 sikashukela.
Ukudla okuneshukela egazini
Uma ushukela ukhuphuka, khona-ke kubalulekile ukubuyekeza kabusha umsoco. Ukwakheka kwesidlo kufanele kube yinto efana nale:
- amafutha: aze afike ku-80 g
- amaprotheni: aze afike ku-90 g
- carbohydrate mayelana ne-350 g,
- usawoti ungadluli kwe-12 g.
Ekudleni, umuntu onesifo sikashukela kufanele abe:
- imikhiqizo yokubhaka engenamvubelo,
- imifino emisha, ephekiwe neyosiwe,
- abilisiwe, umusi, isitshulu ngaphandle kwamafutha,
- Ulimi lwenyama ebilisiwe,
- isibindi
- inhlanzi enamafutha amancane,
- imikhiqizo yobisi enamafutha amancane,
- kungabi ngaphezu kwamaqanda amabili ngosuku,
- ubhontshisi, udali, ubhontshisi,
- okusanhlamvu okusamanzi nobisi: i-herculean, i-buckwheat, amabele, ibhali, ibhali le-pearl,
- ukudla kwasolwandle
- amajikijolo angenazithelo, izithelo namajusi,
- itiye elimhlophe neluhlaza,
- amajusi wemifino, iziphuzo zezithelo, amakhompiyutha,
- ikhofi ebuthakathaka.
Kokudla okumnandi kuvunyelwe ukudla ngamanani amancane:
- uswidi,
- imishado
- marmalade.
Ngokwesincomo sikadokotela, ungadla ibhotela kanye namafutha zemifino, kanye namakhowe nezinhlobo ezithile zezinhlanzi ezikheniwe.
Kufanele udle ukudla ngasikhathi sinye. Phuza amalitha amabili amanzi angahlanzekile ngosuku. Ukudla i-calorie kusuka ku-2300 kuye ku-2400 kcal ngosuku.
Izimbangela ze-hyperglycemia ezinganeni kuyaxoxwa ngazo kule vidiyo kulesi sihloko.
