Isifo sikashukela i-mellitus ukugula okuhambisana nokuphulwa kwesikhombi sobuningi bokuqukethwe kwe-insulin noma umsebenzi wayo. I-insulin yi-hormone ebalulekile ebhekele ukuthutha ushukela ngokuhamba kwegazi kuwo wonke amaseli ancike kwi-insulin emzimbeni. Ukukhiqizwa okunganele kwe-insulin noma ukungabikho kwayo kuholela ku-hyperglycemia, okungukuthi, ukwanda koshukela wegazi.
Kukhona nohlobo lwesifo sikashukela esithinta abesifazane abasezikhundleni. Ngokwezibalo, abesifazane abakhulelwe abangakaze babe noshukela wegazi ophakeme baye bathuthukisa i-GDM ngamaphesenti amathathu kuya kwangama-5. Igama elithi "gestationalabetes mellitus" libhekisa kuhlobo lwesifo olungakheka kuphela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
Imvamisa, isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa sibambelela ngemuva kokuqala kweviki lamashumi amabili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimbangela zokuthuthuka kwalolu hlobo lwalesi sifo aziqondakali ngokuphelele. Ngaso sonke isikhathi sokukhulelwa, i-placenta itholakala kuma-hormone ashukumisa ukukhula kwesibeletho. Kukholakala ukuthi nazo zingavimba ukukhiqizwa noma ukudalulwa kwe-insulin ekhiqizwa ngumama.
Lo mkhuba ubizwa ngokuthi yi-insulin ukumelana, okubhekisele ekungavikelekeni kwamangqamuzana kwi-insulin ebangelwa. Ngakho-ke, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amazinga kashukela wegazi aqala ukukhuphuka.
Lapho owesifazane enesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa, ushukela omningi uthatha isibeletho, usiguqula sibe ngamafutha. Izingane ezinesisindo ngokweqile zivame ukulimala ku-humerus ngesikhathi sokubeletha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-pancreas we-fetus aqala ukukhiqiza i-insulin eningi kunesidingo, ngakho-ke i-hypoglycemia, okungukuthi, ushukela wegazi ophansi, ingatholakala.
Ngokwezibalo, uma umama etholakala enalesi sifo, ingane ezelwe ingaba nenkinga yokuphefumula. Eminyakeni yamuva, lezi zingane zivame ukukhombisa ukuthambekela kokukhuluphala noma ukukhula kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi ukudla okwenzelwe isifo sikashukela komzimba kuyindlela enkulu yokwelashwa.
Njengomthetho, lokhu kugula ngokuzenzakalelayo kunyamalala ngokushesha ngemuva kokubeletha. Kuyajabulisa futhi ukuthi owesimame owahlaselwa yisifo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwakhe kokuqala kungenzeka abe nakho konke okunye ukukhulelwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abesifazane abanjalo ngokuzenzakalelayo baqala ukuwela esigabeni sobungozi uma kuziwa ekuthuthukisweni kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.
Izici zobungozi
Izici zobungozi zibandakanya okulandelayo:
- Imvamisa hypoglycemia ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ibonwa kwabesifazane abaneminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amane.
- Ngakho-ke, into eyindlalifa ebalulekile, abesifazane abakhulelwe abanezihlobo zabo bahlushwa isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 noma uhlobo 2 banokuthi bahlukaniswe isigaba sosengozini. Uma bobabili abazali besifazane benesifo sikashukela ngasikhathi sinye, ubungozi buyaphindeka.
- Ukuqashelwa kukhombisa ukuthi lesi sifo sitholakala kakhulu kubantu besifazane abahlakazekile abamhlophe.
- Ukubhema.
- Ukusala kokuzalwa okungenangqondo noma ukuzalwa kwengane enesisindo esingaphezu kwamakhilogremu angama-4 500 nakho kubeka engcupheni umama okhulelwe.
Isisindo somzimba esiningi nakho kuyimbangela ebalulekile yokukhathazeka. Isisindo, okujwayelekile ukuthi kudlule ngamaphesenti angama-25- 30, kucishe kube kabili ingozi ekhona. Isibonelo, owesifazane onobude obungamasentimitha angama-160 nesisindo samakhilogremu angama-70 unenkomba ephezulu yomzimba engama-25.
Wonke umuntu wesifazane okhulelwe kufanele ahlolwe isifo sikashukela ngesikhathi sokuphakathi kwesonto angamashumi amabili nane nane nesishiyagalombili. Lapho ukuhlaziya kuqinisekisa ukuba khona kwalesi sifo, kwenziwa uvivinyo lwesibili, ngaphambi kwalokho isiguli siphuze umthamo othile weglucose.
Njengomthetho, i-insulin ayisetshenziselwa ukwelapha isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa. Kwanele isiguli ukuba siyeke imikhuba emibi futhi sithole umthamo ofanele womzimba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kudla kuyasiza ngesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa, ngaphandle kwalokhu ukwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi bekungeke kuphumelele.
Imikhuba yokudla enconyiwe
Ukudla okhethekile kungabekwa kuphela yi-endocrinologist, ezoholwa izifundo zokuqala. Ukudla okufanele ngalesi sikhathi kuqukethe izindlela zokudla ezikhethekile zokudla kanye nokudla ngokudla okukuhle nokunempilo.
Umnyombo oyinhloko wokudla iqiniso lokuthi isiguli kufanele sinqande ukusetshenziswa kokudla okuqukethe inani elihlanganisiwe lama-carbohydrate. Okusho ukuthi, ukukhipha amacebo amaswidi, kepha ukwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwezithelo nemifino emisha.
Isazi se-endocrinologist kanye nesazi sezempilo sinikeza izincomo ezisuselwa ekukhohlisweni okuyikho kwemikhiqizo yokudla ukuze kuncishiswe umthwalo omningi kumanyikwe, kanye nezinye izitho eziningana zomzimba, ezibandakanya isibindi nezinso. Le mizimba isivele ilayishwe ngenombolo enkulu yezinqubo ze-metabolic.
Owesifazane okhulelwe kufanele agcine le mithetho elandelayo yokudla okunempilo:
Nakanjani, konke ukudla okudliwayo kufanele kube ngokulinganayo, okuhlukahlukene. Le mfuneko ichazwa yiqiniso lokuthi umntwana kufanele athole inani elanele lezinto zokulandela umkhondo, amaminerali kanye namavithamini, ukuze ukukhula kwawo kuphelele.
Ithebula lokukhulelwa kufanele licebe ngangokunokwenzeka. Kodwa-ke, ngaso sonke isikhathi kufanele ukhumbule inani elidliwayo, ngoba ekwelashweni ngakunye, umthamo ubaluleke kakhulu. Ukwelashwa kokudla kusho ukuthi ukudla kusebenza njengomuthi.
Isiguli esinesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa kufanele sifunde ukukhomba ukudla okwakhayo ngokwakhiwa kwaso. Okuqukethwe kwe-carbohydrate kufanele kuncishiswe ngesigamu kusuka ezingeni elijwayelekile. Zifakwa kuma-starches, kanye nanoma yikuphi ukudla okumnandi okudinga ukushintshwa ngokudla okunempilo, njengesipinashi, izaqathe, i-broccoli.
Imifino eluhlaza iqukethe inani eliphakeme lezakhamzimba ngefomu yazo eluhlaza. Ukusuka kubo ungenza amasaladi amasha ngokufakwa kwe-sunflower noma i-olive. Ukupheka okunjalo kuyasiza ikakhulukazi ehlobo. Ushukela kufanele uqedwe ngokuphelele, esikhundleni salokho kungenziwa noju.
- Ukulawula okuqukethwe ushukela ku-plasma yegazi, kuyadingeka futhi ukwazi inkomba yayo ye-glycemic ngaphambi kokudla umkhiqizo othile. Ama-diabetes ayanconywa ukuthi asebenzise ukudla okunenkomba ye-glycemic ngenhla engama-60.
- Owesifazane okhulelwe onesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa kufanele adle uketshezi olwengeziwe, kepha kungakapheli imingcele evunyelwe udokotela ukuvimbela ukuvuvukala. Kuyadingeka ukukhipha ngokuphelele ekudleni iziphuzo ezinoshukela, isiraphu, i-kvass, amajusi athengiwe nokunye.
- Isiguli kufanele sinqande ukugcotshwa kwamafutha. Ukudla okunamafutha akusizakali kunina noma embizeni, ngakho-ke ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kungcono ukususa ukudla okuthosiwe kumenyu. Ungadla uphilile kakhulu.
- Kuyenqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukungazinaki ukudla. Ukudla kwansuku zonke kufanele kuhlukaniswe ngokulinganayo kube ama-servings ayisihlanu kuya kwayisithupha, adliwe ngezikhathi ezithile ezifanayo. Owesifazane okhulelwe akufanele alambe. Njengomsoco, ungasebenzisa ingilazi ye-kefir, ucezu lukashizi onamafutha aphansi, idlanzana lamantongomane, iyogathi engenashukela nokunye.
Kungcono uma ukudla kuhlukaniswa, kuyilapho imigomo yayo ingephulwa, isibonelo, uma owesifazane okhulelwe eya endaweni ethile, kufanele alungiselele uhambo futhi athathe ukudla emenyu egunyaziwe naye. Ngabe lo mthetho uyabonakala? Ukuze wenze lokhu, vele uthenge isitsha sokudla okulungele ukuthwala.
Yini engingayidla?
Uma isifo sikashukela sokutholwa kutholakala, owesifazane okhulelwe angaba nohlu lwemikhiqizo enjalo:
- noma yiziphi izinhlobo ze-acidic zamajikijolo, kufaka phakathi ama-raspberries, ama-sitrobheli, ama-blueberries, amajikijolo nokunye;
- uju emithanjeni emincane;
- noma yimiphi imifino ephekiwe noma eluhlaza, ngaphandle kwamazambane;
- okusanhlamvu, ngaphandle kwe-semolina;
- izithelo, kufaka phakathi amabhilikosi, amapetshisi, amagilebhisi, amaparele nokunye;
- amaqanda enkukhu, kufaka ne-omelet yomusi. Kodwa-ke, akukho ngaphezulu kweqanda elilodwa ngosuku;
- imikhiqizo yokubhaka ama-rye;
- izinhlanzi zasolwandle ezinamafutha asezingeni eliphansi nezinhlanzi zasemfuleni, njengokufakelwa okumhlophe okwesibhakabhaka, i-mackerel, i-cod, i-capelin, nokunye;
- inyama, ukulungiswa kwayo osebenzisa okungenani uwoyela. Okuncamelayo kunikezwa inkukhu nenyama yenkomo;
- i-shrimp ne-caviar;
- ubisi lwe-nonfat, ushizi wekotishi kanye noshizi;
- imifino, izindunduma, amakhowe;
- amantongomane.
Nge
Kukhona nohlu lokudla okungavunyelwe. Owesifazane okhulelwe onesifo sikashukela kufanele akulahle ngokuphelele ukudla okunenkomba ye-glycemic ephezulu. Lokhu kufaka i-semolina porridge, zonke izinhlobo zokudla okulula, ujamu, u-ayisikhilimu namanye amaswidi. Ezinye zezithelo nazo azivunyelwe, kufaka phakathi ubhanana, ama-Persimmons, amakhabe, amakhiwane nezinsuku.
Futhi, ushukela nganoma yiluphi uhlobo kufanele lungafakwa ekudleni. Ngokwesincomo sikadokotela, uju olujwayelekile linden lungasetshenziswa ukwenza itiye nezinsimbi. Kodwa-ke, lesi simo futhi asihlali sigcwaliseka. Ngakho-ke, ngokusekelwe ezimweni eziqondene nesiguli, uju lungahlukaniswa ngemikhiqizo engavunyelwe.
Noma kunjalo, umbuzo uhlala hhayi uju kuphela, kodwa futhi zonke izinhlobo zamajusi wezithelo. Isibonelo, ujusi wamapomegranate ulusizo kakhulu kushukela.
Ukukhulelwa kungcono ukukhetha amajusi wemifino, aphekwe ngezandla zawo ekhaya. Kwenqatshelwe ukuphuza imikhiqizo ethengiwe, noma ngabe ukupakisha kukhombisa ukuthi ayinashukela ngokuphelele. Zonke izindlela kufanele zilungiselelwe kucatshangelwa le mithetho.
- uju;
- amasoseji;
- imikhiqizo kafulawa omhlophe (ebhikawozi, i-pasta);
- iziphuzo ezinoshukela;
- u-ayisikhilimu;
- izinsuku, ama-Persimmon, ubhanana, amakhiwane, amagilebhisi, ama-apula amnandi, amakhabe;
- I-Confectionery
- ama-muffin;
- amajusi wezithelo;
- ama-sweeteners nemikhiqizo ngokuqukethwe kwawo;
- ibhotela (umkhawulo omkhulu).
Ungasidla kanjani ngesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa kuzotshela uchwepheshe kule vidiyo ekulesi sihloko.
