Kunconywa ukulawula izinga le-glucose emzimbeni wabo bonke abantu, kungakhathalekile ubulili kanye nesigaba sobudala.
Isimo sikashukela wegazi sincike eminyakeni yomuntu kanye nobulili, ithebula lobudala linquma izinkomba ezidingekayo.
Ukuphambuka kusuka ezimisweni ezisunguliwe kungakhombisa ukwephulwa okuhlukahlukene kanye nokungasebenzi kahle emsebenzini wezitho zangaphakathi nezinhlelo, futhi kube yinkomba yokuba khona kwezifo.
Ushukela wegazi
Izindinganiso ezamukelekile zikashukela wegazi zibekelwe bonke abantu, kungakhathalekile ukuthi bangaphi, iminyaka noma ubulili. Kuze kube manje, asikho isithombe esithile esingaveza indinganiso yamazinga kashukela omuhle. Amanani ajwayelekile ayahlukahluka emugqeni osungulwe ngodokotela futhi kuya ngesimo somzimba womuntu.
Amazinga we-glucose ajwayelekile kufanele abe ku-3,2 kuye ku-5.5 mmol ilitha ngalinye. Izinkomba ezinjalo ziba yinto evamile lapho kuthathwa igazi ukuze lihlaziywe kusuka emunweni. Izifundo zaselabhorethri, lapho igazi elingena liba khona into yokuhlola, lisebenzisa uphawu olujwayelekile olungabi ngaphezu kuka-6.1 mmol ilitha ngalinye.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ezinganeni, njengomthetho, izibalo ezithile azisungulwa, okuzoba yinto evamile. Iqiniso ngukuthi ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka emithathu ubudala, izinga likashukela egazini lingaba nezinkomba ezingazinzile futhi libe nomlingiswa ofana negagasi - kungaba ukuncipha noma ukukhula. Kungakho, izifundo zokuxilonga ukuthola ukuthi ushukela wegazi enganeni zenziwa kangakanani, ngoba azikwazi ukubonisa imininingwane ephelele nethembekile.
Ngobudala, amazinga kashukela egazi angakhuphuka kancane kubantu abahlukahlukene. Umkhuba onjalo ubhekwa njengento ejwayelekile ngokuphelele futhi akufanele udale ukuxilongwa kwanoma yisiphi isifo.
Kuze kube manje, inqubo ejwayelekile ye-glucose yamadoda nabesifazane beminyaka ehlukahlukene isungulwe kuleli zinga elilandelayo:
- Izingane ezineminyaka emithathu kuya kwayisithupha - izinkomba ezijwayelekile zegazi lokuhlola kufanele zibe ku-3.3 kuye ku-5.4 mmol ilitha ngalinye. Imiphumela efanayo yokuhlolwa kwegazi kufanele itholakale enganeni kusuka eminyakeni eyisithupha kuya kwayishumi nanye. Ngesikhathi sokukhula kobusha, izinga le-glucose egazini lingakhuphuka kancane, ngenxa yokukhula komzimba wonke.
- Isikhathi sobusha, esihlanganisa isikhathi esukela eminyakeni eyishumi nanye kuye kwayishumi nane, inani elijwayelekile leshukela egazini kufanele lisuke ku-3,3 liye ku-5.6 mmol ilitha ngalinye.
- Ingxenye yabantu abadala (ukusuka eminyakeni eyishumi nane kuya kwamashumi ayisithupha ubudala) kufanele ibe namazinga kashukela egazi angeqi ku-5.9 mmol ilitha ngalinye.
Abantu beminyaka yokuthatha umhlalaphansi kungenzeka ukuthi bafakwa esigabeni esikhethekile, ngoba banokuphambuka okuthile kusuka kudatha emisiwe esetshenzisiwe. Ngokuya ngesimo esejwayelekile sempilo yabantu, amazinga kashukela egazini angakhombisa imiphumela ekhuphukayo, kepha kubhekwe njengejwayelekile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinga likashukela wegazi emantombazaneni nakwabesifazane abakhulelwe esikhathini se-premenopausal ngokuvamile liphezulu kunezindlela ezibonisiwe.
Le nto ayikhombisi ukuba khona kwe-pathology, kepha ingumphumela wokushintsha kwama-hormone okwenzeka emzimbeni.
Yini engavusa ukwanda kwezinkomba zokulawula?
Ukwanda kwamanani ngaphezulu kwamazinga amisiwe kungabonisa ukuthuthukiswa kwe-hyperglycemia. Lo mkhuba ubonakala njengokwenyuka okungapheli koshukela wegazi.
I-Hyperglycemia ingaba isibonakaliso sokubonakaliswa kwama-pathologies ahlukahlukene emzimbeni. Ngakho-ke, lapho kutholwa, ukuhlolwa kwesiguli kudingekile ukuze kutholakale imbangela yokwanda kwezinkomba ze-glucose.
Njengamanje, izici ezilandelayo zingaholela ekuthuthukisweni kwe-hyperglycemia:
- indlela yokuphila yanamuhla yabantu abaningi, okubandakanya ukuba khona kokujaha okungapheli nokucindezela okukhulu, ukuntuleka kokuphumula okufanele nokuphila kokuhlala phansi.
- ukuntuleka kwemisebenzi ethile yomzimba edingekayo emzimbeni ngamunye.
- ukondliwa okungafanele, okususelwa ekusetshenzisweni kokudla okulula kanye nokudla okusheshayo, ukusetshenziswa kabi kokudla okumnandi nemikhiqizo ye-confectionery yomkhiqizo wanamuhla;
- ukuba khona kwemikhuba emibi, njengokubhema notshwala.
- ukusetshenziswa kwamaqembu athile wezidakamizwa akhulisa i-glucose yegazi, izidakamizwa ezinjalo zibandakanya ama-hormone e-steroid, ama-estrogens, nezidakamizwa ezenziwa nge-caffeine.
Ama-pathologies abonakala emzimbeni angaba yisizathu sokuthi ushukela wegazi uyakhuphuka.
- isifo sikashukela nezinye izifo zohlelo lwe-endocrine.
- ukuba khona kwezinkinga emsebenzini wamapancreas, ngoba kungumuzimba lo obhekene nokukhiqizwa kwenani le-insulin elifunekayo.
- izinqubo ze-pathological ezenzeka esibindini noma ezinso.
- I-cystic fibrosis.
- izinqubo ezingezinhle ezingakhula emzimbeni ukuphendula ukubonakaliswa kwama-antibodies ku-insulin.
- izifo zezitho zohlelo lokujikeleza noma kwenhliziyo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungahle kube nokwenyuka kwesikhashana kweshukela egazini, okuvezwa ngenxa yezinto ezilandelayo:
- umuntu usanda kwenziwa ukuhlinzwa okukhuluꓼ
- ukulimala okungathi sína noma ukushiswaꓼ
- ngenxa yobuhlungu obukhulu.
Isimo sokunakekela impilo yakho kanye nokuqaliswa kwezindlela zokuvimbela ezidingekayo kusiza ukugcina amazinga kashukela engalinganiselwe.
Yiziphi izinto ezithinta ukwehla kweshukela egazini?
Kunombono ongelona iqiniso wokuthi ukunciphisa i-glucose kuyingozi kakhulu kunokukwedlula. Eqinisweni, uma ngabe ushukela wegazi wehla ngaphansi kwe-3.3 mmol ngelitha, lokhu kungaholela emiphumeleni emibi, kuze kufike ku-hypoglycemic coma.
Kuze kube manje, kunezinketho ezimbili zokuthuthukiswa kwe-hypoglycemia: iqiniso, amanga.
Esokuqala sizibonakalisa ngesimo sezimpawu eziphawuliwe zokwehla koshukela wegazi, okwesibili kukhula ngokungabikho kwalokho.
Izizathu ezinkulu ezingaholela ekunciphiseni kweglucose yegazi yilezi:
- ukuphazamiseka ekusebenzeni kwamanyikwe - ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo noma ama-neoplasms ohlobo oluhlukile.
- ukukhula komdlavuza emithanjeni ye-adrenal noma izitho zomgudu wegastrointestinal.
- izinqubo ze-pathological ezenzeka esibindini, lokhu kufaka phakathi i-cirrhosis ne-hepatitis.
- ukushisa komzimba okuphezulu, okwenzeka ngenxa yezifo ezinzima ezithathelanayo.
- ukugadla kwendlala nokudla okuqinile kwanamuhla ngokuntuleka kwezinto ezidingekayo.
- ukusebenza ngokweqile komzimba ngesifo sikashukela.
- ubuthi be-arsenic noma ukudakwa ngokweqile.
- ukungahambisani nezincomo zikadokotela nemithamo edingekayo ngenkathi uthatha umuthi ukwehlisa ushukela wegazi.
Uma unezimpawu zokukhathala ngokweqile, ikhanda, nesiyezi, kufanele uhlole igazi ukuze unqume izinga leglucose yakho.
Ukuxilongwa okufika ngesikhathi kuphela kuzosiza ukuvikela umuntu emiphumeleni ehlukahlukene engemihle.
Ushukela wegazi unqunywa kanjani?
Ukuze i-glycemia ihlale iphakathi kwezindlela ezimisiwe, kubalulekile, okokuqala, ukulawula amandla ayo. Ukuzimisela kweglucose yegazi kuyenziwa elabhorethri.
Njengomthetho, inqubo iqoqo legazi le-venous ukuze lihlaziywe. Isisekelo esiyisisekelo segazi elingaphansi kwegazi siphuma emithanjeni ekuseni futhi njalo esiswini esingenalutho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthola imiphumela ethembeke kakhudlwana, kunconywa ukulandela imigomo elandelayo:
- isidlo sokugcina ngosuku olwandulela isivivinyo akufanele senziwe ngaphambi kwamahora ayishumi.
- Izimo ezicindezelayo kanye nokushaqeka okuqinile ngokomzwelo okunomthelela wokwanda ushukela wegazi kufanele kugwenywe.
- Akunconywa ukuphuza utshwala ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlaziywa;
- Ukudla kufanele kube yinto ejwayelekile kumuntu emasontweni edlule ngaphambi kokuthatha isampula yegazi.
Ukulandela ukudla nokuvimbela ukudla kuholela ekuphambukeni kwemiphumela, ngoba kunciphisa izinga leshukela egazini.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwezinye izimo, inqubo eyengeziwe ingahle idingeke, okubandakanya ukuqoqwa kwegazi le-venous ngemuva kokuba isiguli siphuze amanzi ahlanjululwe nge-glucose emsulwa (ukuhlolwa kwegazi likashukela kunomthwalo).
Yiziphi izinkomba ze-glycemic ezijwayelekile zichazwe kuvidiyo kule ndatshana.
