Amacala esifo esiyingozi i-endocrine - isifo sikashukela - asefikile njalo emhlabeni jikelele. Le ndlela yokusebenza, ngobuningi bamacala, ihlala impilo yonke. Abantu bacabanga ukuthi ngabe isifo sikashukela singalapheka ngokuphelele yini.
Ngemuva kweminyaka engama-40, amadoda nabesifazane bavame ukubhekana nempilo engeyinhle. Kungenzeka ukwelapha isifo sikashukela, kepha lokhu kungenzeka kuphela uma ukwelashwa kuqalwe ngendlela yesikhathi, akukho zinkinga nobunye ubunzima.
Odokotela bathi uma ukhuthele ngokomzimba, ungaphambuki ekudleni, futhi futhi ukwazi ukulawula njalo ushukela wegazi, ungathatha umgwaqo wokuqeda ushukela.
Izimbangela Zesifo Sikashukela
Ukuqonda ukuthi udokotela usilapha kanjani isifo sikashukela, kufanele uqonde izizathu eziye zaba ngabashokobezi. Ukwanda okuzinzile kwamazinga kashukela egazini kuwuphawu lokugula. Izinhlobo eziningana eziphambili zesifo ziyaziwa:
- uhlobo lokuqala
- uhlobo lwesibili
- isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa
- ezinye izinhlobo ezihambisana nokuphazamiseka kwe-hormonal.
Uhlobo lwe-1 isifo sikashukela sincike kwe-insulin. Lesi sifo sivela ngokukhiqizwa okunganele kwe-insulin, enikeza amaseli we-beta wamanyikwe. Isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 siyamelana ne-insulin. I-insulin emzimbeni womuntu ikhiqizwa ngokwanele, kodwa ama-receptors awayiboni. Kukhona ushukela omningi hhayi egazini kuphela, kodwa futhi ne-insulin.
Isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa senziwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, esihambisana nezinqubo ze-metabolic. Ungazelapha ngokwakho ngemuva kokubeletha.
Ezinye izinhlobo zesifo zihambisana nokungasebenzi kahle emithanjeni ye-endocrine, njengomthetho, ziyahlupheka:
- indlala yendawo
- indlala yegilo.
I-pathology enjalo ingalapheka ngokujwayeza ukusebenza kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo ze-endocrine.
Isifo sikashukela yigama elivamile lama-pathologies amaningana anesibonakaliso esifanayo - ukwanda koshukela wegazi, okuyi-hyperglycemia. Kepha lolu phawu olunezinhlobo ezahlukene zesifo lubangelwa izizathu ezahlukene.
Lesi sifo esiyingozi sohlelo lwe-endocrine singakheka njengomphumela we-pancreatitis engapheli noma ushintsho lwamahomoni ngokuyeka kokuya esikhathini.
Isifo sikashukela mellitus sibhekiselwa ku-pathology yamanyikwe. Ngenxa yokuthuthuka, isifo sikashukela kuholela ekuphazamisweni kwezinhlelo ezahlukene zezitho nezitho zomzimba. Amangqamuzana e-pancreatic akha ama-hormone abhekene noshukela we-metabolism. Zenziwe ngamangqamuzana asesiqhingini se-pancreatic seLargenhans.
Amaseli we-alpha acacisiwe akha i-glucagon, ekhulisa inani le-glucose egazini futhi ilawula i-carbohydrate metabolism. Amangqamuzana e-Beta akhiqiza i-insulin, ehlisa ushukela wegazi futhi asize ukubamba ushukela.
Ukuthi kunesifo sikashukela kungaqondwa yizimpawu ezilandelayo:
- ukoma, ukuchama njalo,
- ubuthakathaka, isiyezi,
- ukwehla kwamandla okubuka,
- ehlise i-libido
- ukusinda emilenzeni, iminyakazo, ukushuba
- I-hyperglycemia ne-glucosuria,
- kwehlisa izinga lokushisa lomzimba
- ukuphulukiswa kwenxeba okumpofu.
Izici Zokwelapha
Imvamisa abantu bavuka kakhulu lapho bezwa ukutholakala kwesifo sikashukela. Imvamisa umbuzo wabo wokuqala kudokotela uthi, "kungenzeka yini ukuqeda ukugula?" Abantu abanesifo sikashukela sesibili bayelashwa.
Ukugula kuyadlula uma ususa imbangela noma isici osibangele. Akunakwenzeka ngokuphelele ukwelapha i-pathology eyinhloko yezinhlobo 1 no-2.
Kufanele uhambe ngezinqubo ezahlukahlukene ezigcina amazinga kashukela engaphansi kwemingcele ejwayelekile. Ngabe isifo sikashukela singahamba? Okungenzeka kakhulu hhayi, kepha ukwelashwa:
- yehlisa izimpawu
- gcina ibhalansi ye-metabolic isikhathi eside,
- ukuvimbela izinkinga
- ukwenza ngcono impilo.
Ngaphandle kwendlela isifo esenzeka ngayo, ukuzelapha kuyenqatshelwe. Odokotela - ama-endocrinologists nabelaphi baselapha isifo sikashukela.
Udokotela angakunikeza amaphilisi, kanye nezinqubo ezahlukahlukene ezinomphumela wokwelapha.
Ngomuthi ofanele, ukugula okudlulayo kuzovezwa izimpawu zokunciphisa.
Thayipha isifo sikashukela sokuqala
Lapho uthola isifo, kuphakama umbuzo wokuthi kungenzeka yini ukuthi alulame kusifo sikashukela sohlobo 1. Akunakwenzeka ukwelapha ngokuphelele ukugula. Ukwelapha kungaba ngokwengxenye, ngokuphathwa okuyinkimbinkimbi.
Intsha ivame ukubuza ukuthi isifo sikashukela singalapheka yini. Isifo sikashukela sohlobo loku-1 sivame ukuthinta lesi sigaba sabantu. Ukuthuthukisa ushukela, ukufa kwama-80% amaseli we-pancreatic kuyadingeka. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, ngeshwa, lesi sifo asikwazi ukwelapheka. Uma odokotela bengasakwazi ukuqeda lesi sifo, kufanele bathuthukise isimo sabo ngokwabo ngokuyeka ukubhema notshwala.
Cishe i-20% yezicubu ezisele ezijwayelekile ezisebenzayo zenza kube nokwenzeka ukugcina izinqubo ze-metabolic zomzimba. Ukwelapha ukuhlinzeka nge-insulin yangaphandle. Ukuvimbela ukungasebenzi kahle kwesitho esakhiweni sokuqala, kufanele ulandele izincomo zikadokotela ngokuqinile. Kuhlelwa ukuthuthukisa irejimeni yokwelashwa nge-insulin therapy.
Imithamo ilungiswa njalo ezinyangeni ezi-6. Ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela kungashintshwa uma kunesidingo. Uhlobo lonyango lwe-insulin lwenziwa esimweni sesibhedlela. Ukwelapha kubandakanya:
- ukuthatha izidakamizwa ezithuthukisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin,
- ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezisebenza nge-metabolism.
Ukwelashwa kwe-inpatient kufaka phakathi ukuvimbela izinkinga kusuka ku:
- isibindi
- izinso
- ukubuka.
Esimweni sezilonda ezisesidudwini, ukondliwa kwezicubu kufanele kwenziwe ngcono. Ukwakheka okunjalo kuwukubonakaliswa kokuqala kwe-pathology. Izitho ezingasebenzi kahle zichaza ukuthi kungani isifo sikashukela sivela.
Imithwalo eyenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile iholela ekunciphiseni ngokushesha kwevolumu ushukela nokuqongelela i-lactic acid, okuyingozi ngezinkinga. Ukuzivocavoca ngokomzimba kwenqatshiwe ngokunqunywa kwesifo.
Ukudla kokudla kuzosiza ngezinga elithile ukwelapha ushukela. Imenyu idinga ukubalwa, kucatshangelwa okuqukethwe kwekhalori nedosi yokwelashwa kwe-insulin. Kubalulekile ukungafaki ekudleni:
- imikhiqizo kafulawa
- amaswidi
- iziphuzo ezidakayo.
Ukudla okunempilo kususelwa enanini lamayunithi esinkwa. Inani lama-carbohydrate asetshenzisiwe libalwa.
I-ejenti ayikaze yakhelwe ukuthi ingalapha ngokuphelele isifo sikashukela esingu-1. Umsebenzi wesifo sikashukela manje ukuvikela izinkinga. Ukufa komuntu kwenzeka ngokunembile ngenxa yabo. Ucwaningo oluningi luyenziwa naseRussia ukuze
Mhlawumbe ngokuzayo, ukufakelwa kwe-pancreatic kuzosiza ukwelapha isifo sikashukela esingu-1. Manje kwenziwa izifundo ezifanele ezilwaneni. Ebantwini, ukungenelela okunjalo akukenziwa.
Amaqembu ososayensi njengamanje bakha imikhiqizo yezidakamizwa evimbela ukulimala kumaseli we-pancreatic beta, okufanele asize ekwelapheni isifo sikashukela.
Thayipha isifo sikashukela sesi-2
Ukuphendula umbuzo wokuthi ungalapha kanjani isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, kufanele ucabange ngokuqeda imbangela yalesi sifo. Njengomthetho, abantu bayagula ngemuva kweminyaka engama-45. Isifo sikashukela i-mellitus yalolu hlobo sibonisa ngokuncipha kokulimazeka kwe-insulin yangaphakathi. Lesi sifo asitholi kuphela nge-glucose eningi egazini, kodwa futhi nangesilinganiso se-insulin.
Isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 singalashwa kuphela ngokuthola isinxephezelo esimeme. Ngalezi zinhloso, ukudla ngaphandle kwotshwala kanye nenani elikhulu lama-carbohydrate kuyabonakala. Ngakho-ke, ukuzwela kwama-receptors kokukhula kwe-insulin yangaphakathi. Ngisho nokunciphisa isisindo esincane kwenza ukuthi kwehliswe umthwalo kumanyikwe, ngakho-ke ukudla kuqala ukudonswa futhi kugaywe kangcono.
Kulolu hlobo lwesifo, izithako zemifino zinenzuzo, ezinciphisa ushukela futhi zilususe emathunjini. Ukuqoqwa kwamakhambi kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 nohlobo 1 kungalungiswa ngokuzimela ekhaya.
Kusho ukuboniswa okwenza i-metabolism ifane, ukusheshisa imetabolism yama-carbohydrate, kwehlise ushukela egazini.
Iziguli eziningi ezinesifo sikashukela zithola:
- Siofor.
- I-Metformin.
Lawa ma-ejenti anciphisa ushukela wegazi futhi andise ukwanda kwe-receptor.
Okunye ukubuyekezwa kusikisela ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwamathebulethi akulethi umphumela olindelekile. Kulezi zimo, udinga ukushintshela kumijovo ye-insulin. Izimo zangempela zibonisa ukuthi ukuguquka kwangoko kwemijovo enjalo kuvimbela izinkinga.
Uma kunomkhuba omuhle, ungaphindela kumathebulethi.
Ukudla okunempilo nokulawula isisindo
Ngokuvamile, imithi akuyona ukuphela kwendlela yokulwa nalesi sifo. Uma isifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili sitholakala ezinyangeni zokuqala, khona-ke ukusebenza ngokomzimba nokudla kuzobhekana nakho ngempumelelo. Ngomuntu okhuluphele ngokweqile, kuzodingeka njalo, kepha kancane kancane ukunciphisa umzimba, ukuze kungalimazi uhlelo lwenhliziyo.
Kukhona futhi izimo zokunciphisa umzimba ngokushesha. Kulesi simo, kufanele ubuyele ezinkombeni ezijwayelekile zesisindo futhi usilondoloze.
Ukudla kuthinta ngqo inani leshukela egazini. Lokhu kudla okulandelayo akuvunyelwe kubantu abanesifo sikashukela:
- irayisi
- ibhali ne-semolina porridge,
- ukudla okumnandi, ngaphandle kokudla okunoshukela,
- isinkwa esimhlophe namakhekhe,
- amazambane abunjiwe
- wabhema inyama
- ubhanana, amapharele, amagilebhisi, amakhabe,
- izithelo amnandi jusi
- imikhiqizo curd
- lisakazeka nebhotela,
- imikhiqizo eseqedile
- usawoti
- izithako nezinongo.
Kufanele ufake kumenyu yakho:
- imifino
- i-buckwheat ne-oatmeal,
- ujusi utamatisi
- inyama enciphile
- amaqanda kanzima abilisiwe
- imikhiqizo yobisi.
Kanye ngenyanga, ungahlela usuku lokuzila nge-kefir noma i-buckwheat.
Akunandaba noma uhlobo lokuqala lwesifo noma lwesibili, udinga ukugxila etafuleni lokudla okuvunyelwe nokungavunyelwe. Ukudla kufanele kube nokulingana namafutha, ama-carbohydrate, amavithamini namaprotheni. Ukudla kufanele kube izikhathi ezi-6 ngosuku, nokulandelayo:
- ibhulakufesi
- ngesidlo sasemini
- isidlo sakusihlwa.
Ukudla okulula kwenziwa futhi kabili ngosuku ukwenza amakhalori alahlekile.
Izinzuzo zomsebenzi womzimba
Uma ucabanga ngombuzo wokuthi ungalapha kanjani i-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, kufanelekile ukuphawula izinzuzo zomsebenzi ngokomzimba wezinga elifanele. Ukuzivocavoca kwandisa amazinga e-insulin futhi kwehlisa ushukela wegazi. Ukuze ungalimazi umzimba, kufanele ulandele imithetho ethile.
Ngaphambi kokuqala amakilasi, ushukela wegazi lomuntu akufanele ube ngaphezu kwe-15 mmol / L nangaphansi 5. Kubalulekile ukuvikela i-hypoglycemia, futhi udle isinkwa noma amanye ama-carbohydrate ngaphambi kokuqala amakilasi. Isifo sikashukela kufanele sazi izimpawu ze-hypoglycemia futhi singabeki ukuzivocavoca, uma sikhona.
Ngaphezu kwezindlela zendabuko zokulwa nesifo sikashukela, kukhona ezinye ezingafani. Amakhambi e-Folk awayona indawo, lokhu kumane kungezelela ekwelashweni. Ungasebenzisa:
- isobho sikakolweni
- umhluzi webhali
- ukumnika kwe-chicory.
Kuyasiza ukusebenzisa ama-acorns, u-anyanisi namakhambi okwelapha isifo sikashukela. Odokotela baphinde bancome ukusebenzisa i-sauerkraut juice ne-mummy. Ukuvimbela ukuqala kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 ezinganeni ezincane, ukuncelisa ibele kuyadingeka, okufanele kuthathe unyaka.
Uhlobo 2 lwesifo sikashukela, ukuvimbela, ukudla okunomkhawulo wama-carbohydrate kungagcinwa, kanye nokugcina ukusebenza komzimba nokugwema ukucindezela.
Ukuzivocavoca ushukela kwenza sikwazi ukusebenzisa ngokushesha i-glucose etholakalayo. Ngezinhloso zokwelapha, ungenza i-yoga, i-Pilates nokubhukuda. Ukuzivocavoca okuhleliwe ekuseni kusiza ukunciphisa ukunciphisa i-insulin.
Ngokuya ngezinyathelo zokuvimbela kanye nokufakwa ngaphandle kwezici zobungozi, ungaphila impilo yakho ngokuphelele futhi ungacabangi ngombuzo: ingabe isifo sikashukela singalashwa. Ukufinyelela ngesikhathi odokotela nokuqokwa kokwelashwa okuyikho ngabo kuzokwenza ukuthi kulondolozwe impilo enhle, ukhuthele futhi ungacabangi ngokugula kwakho. Ividiyo ekulesi sihloko iphakamisa impatho yokwelashwa sikashukela.
