Imbangela enkulu yokufa kwesifo sikashukela yisifo senhliziyo nesemithambo. Bahlala cishe ama-82%, kanti phakathi kwabo ingxenye enkulu kunazo zonke ukuphathwa kabi kwe-myocardial.
Inkambo yokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela iba nzima ngokwengeziwe, ukuthuthukiswa kokuhluleka kwenhliziyo, ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo, i-arrhythmia nokugqabhuka kwenhliziyo.
Kulokhu, ukuthembela kwezinga lomonakalo kuma-coronary artery in diabetesics kushukela elincephekile kanye nezinga lokutholwa kwamafutha emzimbeni litholakele.
Izimbangela zokulimazeka kwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela
Isandulela sesifo senhliziyo siyanda ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela, ngisho naseqenjini elinokubekezelelwa kwe-carbohydrate, okungukuthi, nge-prediabetes. Lokhu kuthambekela kuhlotshaniswa nendima ye-insulin ekuguleni kwamafutha. Ngaphezu kokukhuphuka kweglucose yegazi, ukuntuleka kwe-insulin kusebenze i-lipolysis nokwakhiwa kwezidumbu ze-ketone.
Ngasikhathi sinye, izinga lama-triglycerides egazini liyakhuphuka, ukuthathwa okwandayo kwamafutha acid kungena egazini. Isici sesibili ukwanda kokubumbana kwegazi, ukwakheka kweziqalo zegazi emithanjeni. Ukhuphuka kweglucose kusheshisa ukwakhiwa kwamaprotheni e-glycosylated, ukuxhumana kwawo ne-hemoglobin kuphazamisa ukulethwa kwe-oksijini kwezicubu, okwandisa i-hypoxia.
Kuhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, ngaphandle kokugcwala kwenqwaba ye-insulin egazini kanye ne-hyperglycemia, ukukhishwa kwabaphikisi be-insulin kuyanda. Enye yazo i-somatotropin. Kuthuthukisa ukwahlukaniswa kwamaseli wemisipha ebushelelezi nokungena kwamafutha kuwo.
I-atherossteosis nayo iyaqhubeka nezinto ezinjalo;
- Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile
- Umfutho wegazi ophezulu we-Arterial.
- Ukubhema.
Ukuvela kwamaprotheni emchameni kuwuphawu olungelona iqiniso lwesifo senhliziyo nesifo sikashukela.
Isifo sikashukela samahhala se-myocardial esibuhlungu
I-Myocardial infarction kushukela inezimpawu zokubonakaliswa kwemitholampilo. Iba nenkambo ende yesifo sikashukela, futhi kungahle kube khona ukubonakaliswa kwezifo zenhliziyo ezi-coronary (CHD). I-ischemia enjalo engenabuhlungu iba yindawo "efihliwe", yokuhlasela kwenhliziyo nesifo sikashukela.
Izimbangela zalesi sifundo zingaba ukwanda kwezilonda ezinama-vascular kuma-capillaries amancane ngaphakathi kodonga lwenhliziyo, okuholela ekugijimeni kwegazi okungalawuleki kanye nokuvela kwe-ischemia nokungasebenzi kahle komzimba. Izinqubo ze-Dystrophic zinciphisa ukuzwela kwama-receptors ezinhlungu emisipha yenhliziyo.
I-lesion efanayo yama-capillaries amancane enza ubunzima bokujikeleza kwegazi ngokubambisana (okudlula), okunomthelela ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo okuphindaphindiwe, i-aneurysm nokugqabhuka kwenhliziyo.
Esikhathini sikashukela i-mellitus kanye ne-myocardial infaration, inkambo enjalo engenabuhlungu iholela ekuxilongweni sekwephuzile, okwandisa ingozi yokushona kweziguli. Lokhu kuyingozi ikakhulukazi ngokuhlaselwa kaningi kwenhliziyo, kanye nomfutho wegazi ophakeme.
Izizathu zokuthi ukwehlukaniswa kwe-myocardial kanye noshukela kuvame ukufana:
- Ukwehlulwa kwemikhumbi emincane ngaphakathi kwemisipha yenhliziyo.
- Shintsha kwikhono lokuguquguquka nokuthambekela kwe-thrombosis.
- Ukushintshashintsha okungazelelwe kushukela wegazi - isifo sikashukela esibangelwa yilokho.
Ekufundeni okubangelwa yisifo sikashukela, i-insulin ngokweqile, kanye ne-hypoglycemia ehlobene nayo, kubangela ukuphuma kwe-catecholamine egazini kusuka kwizindlala ze-adrenal.
Ngaphansi kwesenzo sabo, imikhumbi i-spasmodic, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo liyanda.
Izici zobungozi zokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo sikashukela
Isifo senhliziyo esi-coronary, kubandakanya ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo, sinesifo sikashukela, ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo okuguquguqukayo, isilonda esijwayelekile semithambo yenhliziyo, sikhula ngokushesha. Ukuba khona kwesifo sikashukela kwenza kube nzima ukwenza ukuhlinzwa kwe-vascular bypass. Ngakho-ke, iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela kudingeka ziqale ukwelashwa kwezifo zenhliziyo ngokushesha.
Futhi uhlelo lokuhlolwa kweziguli ezinjalo lubandakanya ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi ngesikhathi se-ECG, ukuqapha isigqi nokususwa kwe-ECG phakathi nosuku. Lokhu kukhonjiswa ikakhulukazi ngokubhema okubumbene, ukukhuluphala kohlobo lwesisu, umfutho wegazi ophuma emithanjeni, ukukhuphuka kwama-triglycerides egazini, nokuncipha kwama-lipoprotein aphezulu.
Lapho kwenzeka infarction myocardial, kanye sikashukela mellitus, ifilosofi ifa lidlala indima. Ngakho-ke, lapho isiguli esinesifo sikashukela sitholakala sinezihlobo eziseduze ezake zathola i-myocardial infarction, i-angina engazinzile, noma okunye ukwehlukahlukana kwesifo senhliziyo, uthathwa njengosengozini enkulu yengozi yemithambo yegazi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izinto ezifaka isandla enkambisweni enzima yesifo senhliziyo ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela yilezi:
- I-peripheral arterial angiopathy, endarteritis obliterans, vasculitis.
- I-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela
- I-nephropathy yesifo sikashukela ene-albhamuinuria.
- Ukuphazamiseka Kwemvelo
- I-Dyslipidemia
Ukwelashwa kwe-myocardial infarction ngesifo sikashukela
Isici esiyinhloko esinquma ukuvela kokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela ukuqiniswa kwamaphutha we-glycemic. Ngasikhathi sinye, bazama ukugcina izinga likashukela lisuka ku-5 liye ku-7.8 mmol / L, bavumela ukwanda kube ngu-10. Ukuncipha okungaphansi kuka-4 noma 5 mmol / L akunconywa.
Iziguli zikhonjiswa ukwelashwa kwe-insulin hhayi kuphela ngohlobo lwe-1 yesifo sikashukela, kodwa futhi ne-hyperglycemia ephikelelayo ngaphezulu kwe-10 mmol / l, ukondliwa kwabazali, kanye nesimo esibucayi. Uma iziguli zithola ukwelashwa kwepilisi, ngokwesibonelo, bathatha iMetformin, futhi banezimpawu ze-arrhythmia, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, i-angina pectoris enkudlwana, bese bedluliselwa kwi-insulin.
I-insulin ebambela amafushane ilawulwa ngokuqhubekayo ngaphakathi kwe-dropper ngokuhambisana ne-5% ushukela. Amazinga kashukela alinganiswa njalo ngehora. Uma isiguli sazi, khona-ke singadla ukudla ngemuva kokuqina kwe-insulin.
Ukuthatha izidakamizwa ukwehlisa ushukela uma kwenzeka kufakwe i-myocardial infraction kusuka kwi-sulfanylurea noma iqembu lobumba kungenzeka kuphela ngokuqedwa kwezimpawu zokungapheleli kahle kwe-coronary coronary. Umuthi onjengeMetformin, othi, uma uthathwa njalo, wehlise amathuba wokuqalwa kwe-myocardial infarction kanye nesifo senhliziyo somoya, unqatshelwe esikhathini esibi.
I-Metformin ayikuvumeli ukulawulwa okusheshayo kwe-glycemia, futhi ukuphathwa kwayo ezimweni zokungondleki kuholela engcupheni eyengeziwe ye-lactic acidosis.
I-Metformin ithinta kabi nomphumela wesikhathi eside womtholampilo we-myocardial infarction.
Ngasikhathi sinye, kwatholakala ubufakazi bokuthi ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kwe-vascular bypass, i-drug metformin 850 ithuthukisa i-hemodynamics futhi ifinyeze isikhathi sokululama ngemuva kokuhlinzwa.
Izinkomba eziphambili zokwelashwa kwe-myocardial infarction:
- Ukugcina ushukela wegazi ojwayelekile.
- Ukwehlisa nokugcina umfutho wegazi ezingeni lika-130/80 mm Hg
- Yehlisa i-cholesterol yegazi.
- Ama-anticoagulants anciphisa igazi
- Ukulungiselela kwenhliziyo ukwelashwa kwezifo zenhliziyo ezi-coronary
Ukudla ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela
Ukudla okungenamsoco ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo nesifo sikashukela kuya ngesikhathi salesi sifo. Esontweni lokuqala ngemuva kokuqalwa kokuqalwa kwe-myocardial infarction, ukudla okuvama kakhulu okudla okuphekwe amasobho emifino ecubuziwe, imifino ecubuziwe, ngaphandle kwamazambane, okusanhlamvu, ngaphandle kwe-semolina nelayisi, kukhonjisiwe. Usawoti awukwazi ukusetshenziswa.
Inyama ebilisiwe noma inhlanzi ngaphandle kwama-sauces kuvunyelwe, kungcono ngesimo se-steam cutlets noma ama-meatball. Ungadla ushizi we-cottage shizi, i-omele yesiphuzo neziphuzo zobisi eziphansi ezinamafutha amancane. Ukubhema, ama-marinade, izimpahla ezikheniweyo, ushizi, ikofi kanye noshokoledi, itiye elinamandla kalivunyelwe.
Esontweni lesibili, ungakunika ukudla okungakhethiwe, kepha kubekwe imingcele ekusetshenzisweni kasawoti, okunosawoti, othosiwe, owenziwe ngamakhekhe nokudla okunamafutha. Izinhlanzi nezinhlanzi zivunyelwe ukungadli kanye ngosuku, futhi i-Navar ayivunyelwe. Ungapheka ushizi we-cottage shizi kanye ne-casseroles enokhilimu, ukholifulawa ocibilikile, i-zucchini, izaqathi.
Isigaba sesithathu sokubhidlika kwenhliziyo siqala ngenyanga, kanti nokudla kokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo ngalesi sikhathi kufanele kube nekhalori ephansi, uketshezi lukhawulelwe ilitha ngosuku, nosawoti ungabi ngaphezu kwe-3 g. Izitsha ezinconyiwe ezinokudla kwasolwandle, kanye nokudla okune-potassium: ubhontshisi, ulwandle iklabishi, amantongomane, ama-lentil.
Izimiso eziyisisekelo zokudla okunempilo ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo:
- Yehlisa ukudliwa kwekhalori.
- Khipha ukudla nge-cholesterol: inyama enamafutha, i-offal, amafutha, amafutha wezilwane, ibhotela, ukhilimu omuncu, ukhilimu onamafutha.
- Khipha i-carbohydrate elula: ushukela, namakhekhe, i-confectionery.
- Yenqaba cocoa, ikofi, izinongo. Khawula ushokoledi netiye.
- Yehlisa uketshezi nosawoti.
- Awukwazi ukuthosa ukudla.
Ukudla kweziguli kufaka i-oyela yemifino, imifino ngaphandle kwamazambane, okusanhlamvu okuphelele, izithelo ezingafakiwe, namajikijolo. Kungcono ukukhawulela inyama ngesikhathi esisodwa ngosuku izikhathi ezingama-3-4 ngesonto. Izinhlanzi ezinamafutha aphansi, ushizi we-cottage shizi, i-kefir, iyogathi, ubisi olubilisiwe kanye neyogathi ngaphandle kwezithasiselo kunconywa njengomthombo wamaprotheni. Ungapheka i-omelet 1 isikhathi ngosuku.
Kunconywa ukuthi kudle imifino emisha ngangokunokwenzeka kumasaladi ngamafutha zemifino namakhambi, izitsha zokuqala zilungiswa ngendlela yesobho lemifino. Ukuhlobisa kungaphekwa ngesitshulu semifino noma i-casserole.
Ukuze uthuthukise ukunambitheka kwezitsha, ujusi kalamula notamatisi, kusetshenziswa uviniga we-apple cider. Ukwandisa okuqukethwe kwe-fiber ekudleni, udinga ukusebenzisa i-bran njengesengezo ezinoshukela, ushizi we-cottage shizi neziphuzo zobisi olunoshukela.
Yonke imigomo yokudla kashukela kufanele ilandelwe, kucatshangelwa ukuncishiswa kokudla kwamafutha ezilwane nenyama. Kunconywa ukuthi ukunciphisa isisindo nakanjani lapho lenyuswa, ngoba lokhu kuthinta kahle inkambo yesifo sikashukela nesifo senhliziyo.
Kwividiyo ekulesi sihloko, saqhubeka nokunwebeka ngesihloko sokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo sikashukela.
