Abantu abaningi bayasazi isimo esifana ne-polyuria, kepha kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa ne-pathologies yezinso nepheshana lomchamo. Kwenza kuzizwe ngokwakhiwa ngokweqile komchamo, okhishwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sasemini noma sobusuku. Iziguli zinxusa ukuthi uchame kaningi kubuhlungu obukhulu, zinobuhlungu, ukungajabuli okujwayelekile.
Izimbangela ze-polyuria zihambisana nomsebenzi we-renal ongasebenzi kahle, ukwehluleka kwezinso. Imvamisa, ukungalingani ezingeni lama-electrolyte, izifo zepancreatic, kanye nokukhathala komzimba kungathinta umzimba.
Udinga ukwazi ukuthi uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-polyuria ne-cystitis, ukugula kokuqala kubonakaliswa ngesifiso esijwayelekile sokuchama, inani uketshezi lidlula okujwayelekile. Okwesibili kungukuncenga okuhlukile ngenani elincane lomchamo.
Ukuthola izinto ezithonye umuntu, ukuxilongwa okuphelele kuphela kuyasiza. Ngakho-ke, kuboniswa ukubonisana nodokotela we-endocrinologist, udokotela oyi-urologist, futhi avivinye. Kaningi, i-polyuria iwuphawu lokuqala lwesifo sikashukela.
ISymbomatology
Imvamisa, cishe amalitha ama-2 omchamo akhishwa phakathi nosuku, kwezinye izikhathi, umthamo womchamo ufinyelela kumalitha angama-2,5. Uma umzimba ukhipha uketshezi olwengeziwe, udokotela uzoxilonga i-polyuria.
Ukubonakaliswa kwe-polyuria kuyafana ezinganeni, abesifazane nakwabesilisa, izinkomba zehla zize zichame kaningi. Lapho lesi sifo siba nzima ngokwengeziwe, kuyanda ukwanda kwezinkinga zaso. Izinkinga ezidume kakhulu futhi eziyingozi zihlanganiswa i-polyuria, i-polydipsia. Kulezi zimo, ukucatshangelwa kokufihlwa kokuchama kobusuku kuyisici.
Ezinye izinkomba ezikhombisa ukuthi izimiso ezisongela ukwakhiwa kwe-pathology zingubuhlungu obuncane ngesikhathi nangemva kokuchama. Lapho ukungasebenzi kufinyelela inani eliphakeme, amatshe aqala ukwakha ezinso. Ubufakazi obucacile balokhu ukulandela kwegazi umchamo.
Uma umchamo usuvele waba denser, lokhu kukhombisa isifo sikashukela. Kukhona ukwehla kwezinga lezinto ezihlanganayo ze-urea ezidingekayo kuma-carbohydrate metabolism ajwayelekile. Lapho ziba ziningi, umchamo ogxile kakhudlwana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo mkhuba awuncike ebulilini bomuntu; emadodeni nakwabafazi bakhula ngokuvama okulinganayo. Isifo sikashukela sentsha sinikeza izinhlobo eziyingozi zesifo.
Kuyisiko ukwahlukanisa phakathi kwe-polyuria:
- okwesikhashana;
- unomphela.
Esimweni sokuqala, inani eliningi lomchamo liyakhululwa ngenxa yokuphuza imithi ethile.
I-Juvenile sikashukela mellitus (uhlobo 1 isifo sikashukela) kanye ne-polyuria kuboniswa ukuphelelwa ngamandla, i-anemia, ushintsho ekucindezelweni kwegazi, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo.
Imvamisa kuba nezinguquko ezimbweni emehlweni, ngokucindezela okwandayo okungaphakathi, ukuvuvukala kwemizwa ye-opic, ukuphuma kwesibindi emthanjeni wamehlo, bese kuthi ikati liqale ukukhula.
Yini ubungozi be-polyuria kushukela?
Esigulini esinesifo sikashukela, i-polyuria izophikelela kuze kube yilapho kufika isikhathi se-glycemia. Ukuze uthuthukise ukwakheka kwegazi, izinso zihlanze kakhulu, bese kususwa ushukela omningi. Kodwa-ke, kanye ne-glucose, ezinye izinto ezibalulekile ezidingekayo zemetabolism eyanele ziyakhishwa emzimbeni.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ibhalansi yezakhi zegazi iyaphazamiseka, uma ungasebenzisi amanzi anele, amazinga kashukela aphezulu awalungile ezinso ngokwazo nakwezinye izitho zangaphakathi, uhlelo lwezinzwa oluphakathi.
Kungakho nganoma yiluphi uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela, kuvela inkinga efana nokwehluleka kwezinso. Kulokhu, isiguli kufanele sinqunywe ukwelashwa okubuyiselwe esikhundleni, ngokuyinhloko i-renal hemodialysis.
I-Polyuria ihlala ihambisana nomfutho we-arterial hypertension, ibuye yandise ushukela, ngoba iphazamisa ukusebenza kwemikhumbi ekhipha amanyikwe kanye nezinye izitho zomzimba. Ekucindezelweni okuphezulu:
- ukulinganisela kokuphuma nokugeleza kwegazi kushintsha;
- kwakha umthwalo owengeziwe emzimbeni wonke.
Umfutho wegazi ophakeme uyingozi ikakhulukazi kwabanesifo sikashukela esikhulile, okuvusa ubunzima obukhulu. Ukusebenza kwenhliziyo kungabonakala kahle ku-electrocardiogram. Uma isifo sikashukela sinezinkinga, ukuvuselelwa kuzoba isikhathi eside, kuthatha izinyanga eziyi-6 noma ngaphezulu.
Inqubo yokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni ehambisana ne-hyperglycemia iholela ekhefeni le-hyperglycemic ngokumelene nesizinda se-metabolic acidosis. Ingozi ukuthi cishe emaphesheni ayikhulu, udokotela we-ambulensi uzojova isisombululo se-glucose esinamanzi ukwenza isimo sibe sesijwayelekile, ngaphandle kwalapho kunomuntu oseduze ozokuchaza isizathu sethambo.
Ngakho-ke, i-polyuria ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela izoholela ekusebenzeni kahle kwezimpawu zezinso, okudala ukukhula okungapheli kokuhluleka kwe-renal.
Izindlela zokwelashwa nokuvimbela
Kuyadingeka ukwelapha i-polyuria ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela ngendlela ebanzi, emacaleni amaningi, ukwelashwa kuhloselwe ukujamisa izinga le-glycemia nokubuyisa imisebenzi yezinso. Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kwe-polyuria kufaka ukunamathela ngokuqinile ekudleni okuthile, okusiza ukwenza ukulahleka kwama-electrolyte abalulekile: i-sodium, calcium, potassium, chloride.
Enye indlela ebalulekile yokwelapha ukusetshenziswa kwe-thiazide diuretics. Ngokuvamile kukhonjiswa i-insipidus yesifo sikashukela. Nge-polyuria, izidakamizwa ezinjalo zivezwa ngumphumela ophindwe kabili: ukwehla kwenani lamanzi we-extracellular fluid, ukukhuphuka kokubuyiselwa kukasawoti, amanzi.
Izidakamizwa ze-diuretic zizonciphisa ukukhululeka komchamo ngesigamu, zibekezelelwa kahle yiziguli, zinganiki ukusabela okuqinile (ngaphandle kwe-hypoglycemia).
Ukusetshenziswa kwama-diuretics kungaba yinto ebucayi uma kunqunyelwe:
- izingane
- abesifazane abakhulelwe;
- iziguli ezikhubazeke ngokomqondo.
Ukulawulwa kwamazinga kashukela egazini kusiza ukuqeda i-polyuria, lapho isifo sikashukela sincike ku-insulin, inani lomchamo elichithwa kufanele liguqulwe ngokuphatha i-insulin nokukhetha imithamo efanelekile ye-harmonium. I-Polydipsia in sikashukela iphathwa ngendlela efanayo.
I-Polyuria ingavinjelwa kahle, kepha idinga ukululama isikhathi eside, ngoba ngalesi sifo kunenombolo enkulu yama-pathologies we-concomitant. Uma nje yonke imiyalo kadokotela igcwaliseka, kungenzeka ngokuphelele ukuthi ulondoloze umsebenzi nempilo.
Izindlela zokuvimbela zifaka:
- indlela yokuphila enempilo;
- ukwenqaba ukulutha;
- isinxephezelo ngesifo sezinso.
Kuboniswa futhi nokugcina ukudla impilo yonke, ukuhamba njalo emgwaqweni, ukudlala imidlalo. Lapho ingane ine-polyuria, izidakamizwa nemithi yokulwa nesifo sikashukela kufanele isetshenziselwe ukwelapha ukungasebenzi kahle kwezifo kusukela ekuqaleni kwalesi sifo.
Ukulandela indlela ehlanganisiwe, kulula kakhulu ukwahlula i-polyuria, ngesikhathi esifushane ungasinxephezela, ubuyisele ukusebenza kahle komzimba. Kubalulekile ukuyeka umuthi wokuzilapha uqobo, thintana nodokotela lapho esesha okokuqala ngqa kokufihlwa komchamo kushukela. Ividiyo ekulesi sihloko izotshela. zihlobene kanjani izinso nesifo sikashukela.
