Unganquma kanjani uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela ngaphandle kokuhlolwa?

Isifo sikashukela sithinta nsuku zonke abantu abaningi ngokwengeziwe. Lesi sifo sibonisa ngokugcwala koshukela egazini.

Ukuthola ubukhona besifo, kwanele ukwazi ukuthi iziphi izimpawu ezihambisana naso. Isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 senzeka ngemuva kwesizinda sokuphazamiseka esenzeke ohlelweni lwe-autoimmune lapho i-insulin ingakhiqizwa.

Kodwa kwenzeka ukuthi inqubo yokukhiqizwa kwama-hormone ayiphazamiseki, noma kunjalo, i-insulin ayibonwa izicubu zomzimba. Kulokhu, kuvela uhlobo lwesibili sikashukela.

Kukhona ezinye izinhlobo zezifo. Enye yalezi yisifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa, esenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa bese sinyamalala ngemuva kokubeletha.

Uhlobo olungavamile lokukhuphuka okungapheli koshukela yisifo sikashukela se-neonatal. Kwenzeka lapho ukungasebenzi kahle kofuzo kwenzeka, okuthinta ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin. Kepha unganquma kanjani isifo sikashukela ekhaya?

Izimpawu zokuqala

Ukuhlonza isifo sikashukela kufanele sinake izibonakaliso zalo eziningi zokuziphatha. Kepha ubukhulu besibonakaliso kuncike ezicini ezahlukahlukene (izifo ezihlanganyele, ubudala, izinga lesifo sikashukela), nakho kubalulekile ukucubungula.

Uma kukhona ushukela, ungawuthola kanjani ekhaya? Into yokuqala okudingeka unake imvamisa nenombolo yokuchama. Uma ukunxenxa okuvame ukubonwa, nomchamo uthululwa ngobuningi, khona-ke kukhona amathuba aphezulu we-hyperglycemia.

Uma ushintsho lwesisindo, ngaphandle komzamo wakho, khona-ke amathuba okuba nesifo nawo akhuphuka kakhulu. Izinkinga zesisindo sikashukela zingaba khona ngenxa yamazinga kashukela egxilile.

Olunye uphawu olunquma ukuba khona kwesifo sikashukela ukuphulukiswa okude kwamanxeba ngisho nokuklwebeka okuncane. Futhi, iziguli zisengozini yokuthola izifo ezithathelwanayo.

Esikhathini sikashukela, njengomthetho, isiguli sizizwa sibuthakathaka futhi sikhathele. Imvamisa umbono wakhe uyawohloka.

Kodwa-ke, zonke lezi zimpawu zingenzeka ngesimo esithambile noma esinzima. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuntu ngamunye onesifo sikashukela uneqoqo lakhe lezimpawu.

Isibonakaliso sokuqala sikashukela ukoma okukhulu. Kubonakala kuphambana nesizinda sokuntuleka kwamandla lapho umzimba uzama ukuthola umswakama owanele.

Ungakhuluma nangokuba khona kwe-hyperglycemia engapheli uma kwenzeka indlala. Ekuqaleni kokukhula kwesifo, inani le-insulin liyancipha, elibangela iphango ngokweqile.

Ungaqonda futhi uma unesifo sikashukela ngalezi zimpawu:

1. ukucwilisa ukoma kwesikhumba;
2. ukugoba emisipha yamathole;
3. umlomo owomile
4. ukugabha kanye nenausea;
5. ukuzindla kanye ne-paresthesia yezandla;
6. imfundo ye-xanthoma;
7. ukulunywa kwezitho zangasese, isisu, imilenze nezingalo;
8. ukudumba;
9. ubuthakathaka bemisipha;
10. ukulahleka kwezinwele emilenzeni nokukhula kwazo okuthuthukisiwe ebusweni.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, inkambo yalesi sifo ibonakala ku-NS yomuntu. Ngenxa yalokho, uba nolaka ngokushesha futhi angacasuki. Imvamisa isiguli sicindezelwa, ngenxa yokushintshashintsha kokuxineka koshukela.

Izici zobungozi

Cishe wonke umuntu onesifo sikashukela kufanele abe nesizathu esithile sokuthuthuka kwalesi sifo. Ngakho-ke, ukuze wazi ngokuthe ngqo ngokuba khona kwalesi sifo, ngaphezu kwezimpawu, kufanelekile ukunaka izici zobungozi.

Ngakho-ke, amathuba okuba nesifo sikashukela akhuphuke kakhulu uma omunye wezihlobo esevele egula ngalesi sifo. Ukukhuluphala futhi kusiza ekuthuthukiseni lesi sifo ekuqaleni.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-atherosclerosis, ebeka phansi imithambo ye-pancreas kanye ne-pathology yohlelo lwe-endocrine (ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-thyroid gland, izinkinga nge-pituitary gland kanye ne-adrenal gland) kuholela ekwakhiweni kwesifo sikashukela.

Futhi, ukubukeka kwe-hyperglycemia engamahlalakhona kugqugquzelwa ukuphazamiseka ekulinganiseni kwe-lipoprotein yegazi, izifo zepancreatic (umdlavuza, i-pancreatitis) kanye nokutheleleka ngegciwane (i-rubella, i-chickenpox, isimungumungwane). Ukuthayipha okungalungile nakho kungaba nomthelela ekwandeni kwalesi sifo, lapho kunamaphesenti amaningi ama-carbohydrate ahlanganisiwe aphansi nezinga eliphansi le-fiber kanye nama-coarse fibers.

Isici esilandelayo esandisa amathuba wesifo sikashukela ukusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo kwezidakamizwa eziningi. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-Hypothiazide, Furosemide, Somatostatin, Prednisolone, nokunye okunjalo.

Ngisho namathuba okuthuthukisa lesi sifo anda ezimweni ezinjalo:

• ukucindezela okukhulu nokucindezela ngokomzwelo;
• ukusetshenziswa kabi koshukela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma ukuzalwa kwengane enesisindo esikhulu;
• umlutha wezidakamizwa noma wotshwala;
• umfutho wegazi ophakeme;
• indlela yokuphila engasebenzi.

Indlela yokuqonda uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela ngezimpawu?

Ngaphezu kokuhlonza isifo sikashukela uqobo, abaningi banentshisekelo kulo mbuzo, kungaba uhlobo luni? Ngakho-ke, ngesimo sokuqala (esincike ku-insulin) yalesi sifo, iningi lezimpawu ezikleliswe ngenhla likhona.

Umehluko ulele kuphela ezingeni lokubonakaliswa kwezibonakaliso. Ngale ndlela yalesi sifo, kukhona ama-spikes abukhali ushukela wegazi.

Kwabesilisa nabesifazane, lesi sifo siqhubeka ngokushesha, okuholela ekuqwashisweni okungasebenzi kahle futhi singaphelela ekhefeni. Futhi ukubonakaliswa kwesici se-pathology ukunciphisa umzimba ngokushesha (kuze kufike ku-15 kg ezinyangeni ezi-2). Ngasikhathi sinye, amandla okusebenza esiguli ayancipha, uhlala efuna ukulala futhi azizwe ebuthakathaka.

Isigaba sokuqala sokuthuthuka sohlobo lokuqala lwesifo sikashukela sivame ukubonakaliswa yindlala enkulu. Ngemuva kwalokho, njengoba lesi sifo siqhubeka, kwenzeka i-anorexia. Izimbangela zalo zilele lapho kukhona i-ketoacidosis, nayo, ehambisana nokuphefumula okubi, ubuhlungu besisu, ukugabha kanye nenausea.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlobo lokuqala lwesifo sikashukela kungenzeka kakhulu ezigulini ezingaphansi kweminyaka engama-40. Abantu abadala bavame ukunikezwa ukuxilongwa okungafanele - isifo sohlobo 2. Ngenxa yalokho, lesi sifo sikhula ngokushesha, okuholela ekubukekeni kwe-ketoacidosis.

Ungalucacisa kanjani uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela ezigulini ezingaphezu kweminyaka engama-40? Kuyiqiniso, iningi laleli qembu leminyaka lenza uhlobo oluthile lwesifo oluzimele.

Ekuqaleni, ukuthola ukuthi akulula, ngoba asikho isithombe esikhulunywayo. Ngakho-ke, incazelo yalesi sifo kwenzeka uma wenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi esiswini esingenalutho. Kodwa-ke, i-pathology ivame ukutholakala kubantu abanezinkinga ezinesisindo somzimba, umfutho wegazi ophakeme futhi uma kwenzeka yehlulekile izinqubo ze-metabolic.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 akuvamile ukuthi sihambisane nokoma nokuchama okungapheli. Kepha kaningi, iziguli zihlushwa ukulunywa yisikhumba esithweni sangasese, ezingalweni nasemilenzeni.

Njengoba lesi sifo sivame ukuvela ngendlela yamuva, isifo sikashukela esingaxhamli ngokuthola insulin singatholakala kuphela ngemuva kweminyaka embalwa ngokuphelele ngengozi. Ngakho-ke, ukuba khona kwalesi sifo kungakhonjiswa yizinkinga zayo, ezenza isiguli sifune usizo lwezempilo ngokugcwele.

Ngakho-ke, ngokuqala kwe-retinopathy, udokotela wamehlo uthola isifo sikashukela, esimweni sonyawo sikashukela, udokotela ohlinzayo, kanye nokushaya kanye nokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo.

Ukuxilonga

Ungasinquma kanjani isifo sikashukela ngokuhlolwa? Namuhla, kunenqwaba yokuhlolwa okusiza ukuthola ukuthi ingabe kukhona i-hyperglycemia engapheli ekhaya.

Ngakho-ke izinga le-glucose libalwa kusetshenziswa i-glucometer. Ngokungeziwe kudivayisi, kunamathiselwe imichilo yokuhlola kanye nensika (inaliti yokubhoboza).

Ngaphambi kokwenza isifundo, udinga ukugeza izandla zakho ukuze imiphumela ingahlanekezelwe izinsalela zokudla okumnandi nokunye okungcolisayo. Kepha yikuphi ukufundwa okujwayelekile?

Uma amazinga oshukela egazi esheshayo esukela ku-70 kuya ku-130 mmol / L, khona-ke asikho isizathu sokukhathazeka. 2 amahora ngemuva kokuthatha ukubhala, izinkomba kufanele zibe ngaphansi kwama-180 mmol / L.

Ungasibona kanjani isifo sikashukela usebenzisa imichilo yokuhlola? Le ndlela yokuxilonga ikuvumela ukuba ubone izinga le-glucose kumchamo, kodwa kuphela uma liphezulu kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, lapho okuhlushwa ushukela kungaphansi kwe-180 mmol / L, imiphumela ayinqunywa.

Ungasithola lesi sifo usebenzisa ikhithi ye-A1C. Ibona i-hemoglobin A1C, okufanele ingabi ngaphezu kwe-6%, futhi inquma okuqukethwe okujwayelekile kweglue kulezi zinsuku ezingama-90 ezedlule.

Kepha ukuthola isiqiniseko sokutholwa, kubalulekile ukwenza uchungechunge lwezivivinyo zaselabhorethri, kufaka phakathi:

1. ukuvivinya ushukela;
2. ukuhlolwa kwegazi okujwayelekile koshukela;
3. ukuzimisela kwezinga le-insulin, i-hemoglobin ne-C-peptide;
4. ukuhlolwa komchamo kwemizimba ye-ketone noshukela.

Kwividiyo ekulesi sihloko, u-Elena Malysheva utshela indlela yokuthola isifo sikashukela ekhaya.