Ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, ushukela awukwazi ukungena ezicutshini ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-insulin noma ukulahleka kokuzwela kukho. Esikhundleni sokuthi isetshenziselwe amandla, i-glucose ihlala egazini.
Amazinga kashukela akhuphukile abangela ukulimala odongeni lwe-vascular, futhi ngalesi sikhathi, izitho zomzimba zihlangabezana nokuntuleka kokudla okunempilo.
Ngakho-ke, umuzwa wokuba buthakathaka, isiyezi ngezikhathi ezithile nokukhathala okwandayo kuhambisana neziguli ezinesifo sikashukela cishe njalo.
Izimbangela zobuthakathaka obukhulu beshukela
Ubuthakathaka kwisifo sikashukela kungenye yezimpawu zokuxilonga futhi kubonakala ezigabeni zokuqala zesifo. Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okunganele ngenxa yokungakwazi ukucubungula i-glucose kuholela kubuthakathaka jikelele, ukukhathala okwandayo ngokudla okwanele kanye nokuzivocavoca umzimba okuphansi.
Isizathu sesibili sokuthi abanesifo sikashukela bazizwe bebuthakathaka yingoba amazinga kashukela wegazi abo ayaguquguquka. Ushukela wegazi ophansi ungaba ngalezi zizathu ezilandelayo:
- Umthamo omkhulu wezidakamizwa ukwehlisa ushukela.
- Ukuguqulwa kwezidakamizwa.
- Imidlalo emide.
- Yeqa ukudla.
- Ukuphuza utshwala, ikakhulukazi esiswini esingenalutho.
- Ukudla okuqinile, ukuzila ukudla ngenkathi uphuza amaphilisi ukunciphisa ushukela.
- I-Gastroparesis (isithiyo sokukhipha i-gastric).
I-Hypoglycemia kushukela, ngaphezu kobuthakathaka, ibonakaliswa yisikhumba esimpunga, ukujuluka, ukuthuthumela nendlala. Iziguli azikwazi ukugxila, zingakunqoba ukukhathazeka okunamandla, ulaka.
Ngokukhula kwe-hypoglycemia, uma i-glucose noma ushukela ingamukeleki, ukuphazamiseka kokuziphatha kukhula, ukwazi kungakhungatheki, iziguli ziba zanele futhi zidideke esikhaleni.
Ukunqoba ukuhlaselwa kwe-hypoglycemia, kwanele ukuthatha itiye elimnandi, amaphilisi kashukela kusuka kuzicucu ezi-2 kuya kwezi-4, noma vele udle. Ukwelashwa kwe-hypoglycemic coma kudinga ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo.
Ngo-mellitus wesifo sikashukela ongakhokhwanga, ukwephulwa kwemithi enqunyelwe, ukwenqaba ukwelashwa, ukusetshenziswa kabi kotshwala, i-ketoacidosis yesifo sikashukela iba. Ngokuntuleka kwe-insulin, ukuwohloka kwamafutha kumadepho anamafutha kuqala. Ukweqisa glucose egazini kuletha uketshezi oluningi. Ukuqothuka kuyeza.
Ngasikhathi sinye, ama-hormone e-adrenal aphendula ukwehla kwethamo legazi elijikelezayo abangela ukuphuma kwe-potassium nokugcina i-sodium emzimbeni.
Iziguli ezisesimweni se-ketoacidosis zithola ukoma, umlomo owomile, nokuchama okwengeziwe. Ubuhlungu besisu, ukugabha, nephunga le-acetone ephuma emlonyeni lijoyina lezi zimpawu.
Ukuze unqobe ubuthakathaka, isiguli sidinga ukujova i-insulin ngokushesha okukhulu.
Izimbangela zobuthakathaka obuphikelelayo beshukela
Enye yezimbangela zobuthakathaka kwisifo sikashukela yi-angiopathy - ukuhlanganiswa okubangelwa ukwanda kwe-glucose egazini elijikelezayo. Ngomonakalo wemithambo yegazi ezithweni zezitho zomzimba, ukuntuleka kokugeleza kwegazi kuyakhula futhi lokhu, kuhlanganiswe nokusetshenziswa okunganele kwamandla kusuka ku-glucose, kuholela ekuphazamisweni kokusebenza kwezinhlelo.
Okuzwela kakhulu ukulamba yindlala inhliziyo nobuchopho. Ngakho-ke, ngokuthuthukiswa kwe-angiopathy, isiyezi, ikhanda, ukuqina kwenhliziyo kwenzeka. Iziguli zingakhathazeka ngokushoda komoya nganoma yikuphi ukuzikhandla ngokomzimba, ukukhathala. Lapho ukugeleza kwegazi kuyeka engxenyeni yezicubu zobuchopho, kuvela izimpawu zokuqala zesifo sohlangothi:
- Ubuthakathaka obungazelelwe engxenyeni yomzimba nokungakwazi ukuhambisa isandla, unyawo.
- Ingalo nomlenze ziwugqinsi, umuzwa wobunzima obukhulu wakheka kuzo.
- Inkulumo iyaguguleka.
- Kungahle kube nokuhlaselwa kokuhlanza.
Enye yezimbangela zobuthakathaka bemisipha nobuhlungu emaphethelweni aphansi kungaba ukuqala kwe-polyneuropathy yesifo sikashukela. Le nkinga yesifo sikashukela ihlotshaniswa nokunikezwa kwegazi okungenampilo kanye ne-conduction emithanjeni yezinzwa yamaphethelo aphansi.
Ngasikhathi sinye, zonke izinhlobo zokuzwela ziyancipha, ukudonsa nokuqina kwezinyawo kungakhathaza, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kwakheka izimpawu zonyawo lwesifo sikashukela - izilonda ezingapholiyo kanye nokushiswa kwezinyawo. Ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-polyneuropathy, kunconywa ukuthi zonke iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela seminyaka emi-4 noma ngaphezulu ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile ngudokotela oyi-neurologist.
Ukuboniswa kwe-neuropathy yesifo sikashukela emadodeni kungubuthakathaka bocansi. I-erection iyancipha ngenxa yokuhlinzekwa kwegazi okungenampilo kanye nokugcinwa kwezitho zangasese, izinga le-testosterone liyawa futhi isifiso sobulili siyenziwa buthaka. Ukungasebenzi kwe-erectile kungaba wuphawu lokuqala lokulimala kwemithambo, ingozi eyengeziwe yesifo senhliziyo.
Ukukhathala nobuthakathaka kungaba ngenye yezimpawu zesifo sikashukela. Kulesi simo, ukufa kwe-renal glomeruli kwenzeka futhi igazi lingahlanzwa ngokuphelele emikhiqizweni ye-metabolic. Izinso zibamba iqhaza kwi-hematopoiesis, ngakho-ke i-anemia ijoyina izimpawu zokuhluleka kwe-renal.
Lezi zinto ziyimbangela yobuthakathaka obukhulayo, isicanucanu, ukudumba nekhanda nge-nephropathy. Izimpawu zokuxilonga ukubonakala kwamaprotheni emchameni, izinga elikhulayo le-creatinine egazini.
Ukwelashwa kobuthakathaka kushukela
Ukuvezwa kobuthakathaka kushukela kungakhombisa isilinganiso esingesihle sesinxephezelo. Ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwanoma yiziphi ezinye izidakamizwa ngaphandle kwe-hypoglycemic ngeke zikunciphise. Yini ngokwejwayelekile okunganconyelwayo ukuzama ukwandisa ukusebenza kahle kwemithi ye-tonic noma iziphuzo zekhofi.
Ukunamathela njalo ekudleni ngokwenqatshwa ushukela nayo yonke imikhiqizo ngaphandle kokukhetha, ukukhawulwa kwemikhiqizo kafulawa nokudla okunamafutha, izithelo ezimnandi, kuzosiza ekunciphiseni ukukhathala okungapheli kwisifo sikashukela. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukudla kufanele kube nesilinganiso esanele samaprotheni kusuka ekudleni okungewona amafutha: inyama ye-turkey yesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, ushizi wekhokho, inhlanzi, ukudla kwasolwandle.
Qiniseka ukuthi unemifino emisha nezithelo ezingafakwanga. Kuyadingeka ukufaka iziphuzo zobisi obomuncu, umhluzi we-rosehip, ujusi kusuka izaqathe, ama-apula, ihalananda, i-blackcurrant ekudleni.
Ukuze ukhuphule umsebenzi futhi uthuthukise ikhwalithi yempilo, udinga ukufezekisa izinkomba ezilandelayo:
- I-Glycated hemoglobin: 6.2 - 7.5%.
- IGlucose ku-mmol / l: ukuzila okungu-5.1 - 6.45; ngemuva kokudla ngemuva kwamahora amabili u-7.55 - 8.95; ngaphambi kombhede ngaphambi kuka-7.
- Iphrofayili yeLipid: cholesterol 4.8; I-LDL ngaphansi kuka-3 mmol / l; I-HDL inkulu kune-1,2 mmol / L.
- Umfutho wegazi awuphakeme kuno-135/85 mm Hg. Ubuciko.
Ukuze kukhonjwe ngesikhathi izinkinga zesifo sikashukela, ukugcina izinkomba ezinconyelwayo ze-carbohydrate metabolism, kudingeka ukuqapha isimo sezempilo njalo. Ukwenza lokhu, kubalulekile ukukala nsuku zonke izinga le-glucose esiswini esingenalutho kanye namahora amabili ngemuva kokudla, ukulawula umfutho wegazi ekuseni nakusihlwa.
Kanye ezinyangeni ezintathu, thola inkomba ye-hemoglobin ye-glycated bese uthola izeluleko ku-endocrinologist maqondana nokulungiswa kwemithi. Okungenani kabili ngonyaka, hlola izinkomba ze-fat metabolism, uhlolwe udokotela ohlinzayo. Kanye ezinyangeni ezi-4 udinga ukuvakashela i-ophthalmologist kanye nodokotela wezinzwa. Ividiyo ekulesi sihloko izokhuluma ngezinkinga ezahlukahlukene ezinesifo sikashukela.
