Lapho uthatha ukuhlolwa kwegazi, akuwona wonke umuntu owaziyo ukuthi inani le-hemoglobin lingelabesifazane noma abesilisa. Le nkomba ibaluleke kakhulu ngoba I-hemoglobin ephansi noma ephezulu ikhombisa ukuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle ngempilo yakho. Ikakhulu abesifazane kufanele baqaphe izinga le-hemoglobin, ngoba linomthelela oqondile ekusebenzeni kokuzala.
IHemoglobin - yini?
IHemoglobin iyi-organic pigment enombala obomvu. Isisekelo saso ngamaprotheni - i-globin ne-heme - ingxenye equkethe i-iron.
IHemoglobin iyinto ebalulekile yamangqamuzana egazi abomvu agcwalisa igazi nomoya-mpilo. Lapho igazi lingena emaphashini, i-hemoglobin ihlangana nomoya-mpilo bese kuthi ekugcineni kuqhamuke i-oxyhemoglobin. Igazi elinikezwe i-oksijini linombala obomvu okhanyayo, ligeleza ngemithambo yegazi, ngakho-ke libizwa ngokuthi yi-arterial igazi.
I-Oxehemoglobin, egcwalisa izicubu nge-oxygen, iyabhidlika. Futhi igazi, alicebiswanga nomoya-mpilo, oqukethe i-carboxyhemoglobin, li-venous.
Usebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwegazi komtholampilo, unganquma inani eliphelele le-hemoglobin esegazini elijikeleza emithanjeni nakuma-capillaries
IHemoglobin - izinkomba ezijwayelekile zabesifazane
Ukuthola ukunqotshwa kwe-hemoglobin, owesifazane kufanele ahlolwe igazi.
Nakani! Izinga elijwayelekile le-hemoglobin lisuka ku-120-140 g nge-1 litre yegazi.
Ngokuhamba kwenyanga, amanani we-hemoglobin kwabesifazane angashintsha, isb. ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini nangemva kokuphela - izinkomba ziyawa. Ngokuvamile, ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini, owesifazane ulahlekelwa amalitha angama-30 egazi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinga nezinga ziyahlukahluka ngobudala. Ithebula elingezansi libonisa isimo se-hemoglobin
| INDODA | IHEMOGLOBIN LEVEL, G / L |
| Iminyaka engama-20-45 | 11,7 - 15,5 |
| Iminyaka engama-45-65 ubudala | 11,7 - 15,5 |
| Iminyaka engu-65 ubudala < | 11,7 - 16,1 |
IHemoglobin - okujwayelekile kwabesifazane abakhulelwe
Imvelo yamantombazane asezikhundleni ingahluka, ngoba lapha kuningi kuncike esikhathini sokukhulelwa nobunzima benkambo yayo. Kwi-trimester yokuqala yokukhulelwa, izinga likashukela wegazi lowesifazane lifana nelabesifazane abangenaso isikhundla (ubuncane be-110g / l - ubuningi be-150g / l).
Kwi-trimester yesibili, ukwehla komzimba kokuqina kwenzeka. Ngalesi sikhathi, inani legazi elijikelezayo landa kakhulu. Ngalezi zizathu, okujwayelekile nemingcele kungashintshashintsha. Kodwa isimo esivamile sikamama nengane ekhula kuye akufanele sizihlupheke, i.e. azikho izimpawu eziqinile ze-anemia okufanele zenzeke (izinga le-hemoglobin okungenani lama-100 g / l).
Imvamisa, ukuthola ukuthi isifo sitholakala ngokunembile yini, udokotela unikeza inkimbinkimbi yokuhlolwa okwengeziwe kowesifazane okhulelwe. Ngesikhathi sokuhlaziywa, kuzosungulwa izinkomba ze-hemoglobin kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-serum iron, ukugcotshwa kwamavithamini athile, amakhono we-serum, ferritin ne -errerrin azonqunywa.
Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-hemoglobin ejwayelekile kwabesifazane abalindele umntwana incane kancane kunokwemukelwa ngokujwayelekile - 110-130 g / l. Lokhu kungenxa yezinguquko emzimbeni okhulelwe. Umthamo wegazi elijikelezayo uyanda, futhi izinga le-hemoglobin ekulo liyancipha.
Isimo se-iron kowesifazane okhulelwe siyakhuphuka, sifinyelela ku-18 mg ngosuku, kuyilapho kusuka ku-5 kuye ku-15 mg wensimbi kwanele kumuntu ojwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, odokotela bakhuthaza abesifazane abakhulelwe ukuthi balawule i-hemoglobin yabo egazini, ngoba ukusweleka kwalo kungaba nomthelela ongemuhle empilweni yowesifazane futhi kulimaze nengane engakazalwa.
Kubalulekile! Ukwehla kwamazinga we-hemoglobin egazini kungadala ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi nokubambezele ukwakheka kwengane.
I-hemoglobin ephansi
Lapho i-hemoglobin incipha, i-anemia iyavela. Kunezici eziningi zokwenziwa kwe-anemia. Okuvame kakhulu ukushiyeka kwevithamini B 12 ne-folic acid, okudingekayo ukuhlanganisa i-hemoglobin namaseli abomvu egazi, futhi i-anemia ikhula ngenxa yokugula okungapheli okuhambisana nokuphuma kwegazi (isilonda sesisu).
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinga le-hemoglobin lehla ngemuva kokumpontshelwa igazi futhi lapho kukhona i-hypoglycemia kanye ne-hemolytic anemia. Abesifazane abambelela ekudleni bathambekele kwi-anemia, ngoba emikhiqizweni abayisebenzisayo akukho nhlobo i-iron.
Izimpawu ze-Anemia
- tinnitus;
- isikhumba esiphaphathekile nesomile;
- ukuzindla kwenhliziyo;
- imifantu namajamu emakhoneni ezindebe;
- ukuntuleka kokulala;
- i-migraines nesiyezi;
- izinwele ezomile, ezomile nezinokuwa;
- ukuphefumula
- ukumnyama kwezipikili;
- ubuthakathaka obujwayelekile nokukhathala;
- isifo se-carious, amazinyo aphuzi;
- ulimi luthatha umbala obomvu.
Izimpawu ze-anemia kwabesifazane abakhulelwe zibonakaliswa ukwephulwa komqondo wokuhogela nokunambitha imisebenzi. Ngakho-ke, omama abakhulelwe bavame ukufuna ukuhlafuna ushoko futhi badle ukudla ngaphandle kokupheka (inyama eluhlaza). Ngaphezu kwalokho, abesifazane abakhulelwe bafuna ukungenisa amandla omusi kaphethiloli, upende, i-solvent, amagesi aqeda kakhulu.
Ukuvezwa kwalezi zibonakaliso ezingenhla kukhombisa ukuthi owesifazane udinga ukuhlolwa ngudokotela. Ngenxa yalokhu, kungenzeka ukusungula ukuxilongwa kwalesi sifo ngesikhathi futhi wenze ukwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi.
Nakani! Ukuphakamisa izinga le-hemoglobin egazini, owesifazane kufanele abambelele ekudleni okukhethekile.
Yidla ukudla okune-iron eningi - amapomegranati, amaqanda, amantongomane, isibindi, ubhontshisi, inhlanzi. Kufanele futhi anothise ukudla ngokudla okunevithamini C: ama-cranberry, ama-currants, ulamula, ama-tangerine.
Ukwelashwa Kwezinzwa
Imvamisa, udokotela ubeka imithi equkethe i-iron - Lek, Ferrum. Futhi inkambo yokwelashwa kanye nomthamo kunqunywa udokotela ngamunye. Izidakamizwa eziqukethe i-iron ziyatholakala ngesimo samathebulethi noma ngesimo se-ampoules.
Ngesikhathi sokulashwa, kuyadingeka ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwezitsha ezinamafutha, ama-muffin, ubisi nesinkwa, ngoba imikhiqizo enjalo iphazamisa ukufakwa kwezinto zomkhondo.
Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingamashumi amabili zokwelashwa, imiphumela isivele ibonakale. Futhi ezimeni ezinzima kakhulu ezimeni zokuma, iseli leseli elibomvu lidluliselwa kowesifazane.
I-hemoglobin ephezulu
Kwenzeka ukuthi i-hemoglobin kwabesifazane iba phezulu. Kulesi simo, ukugeleza kwegazi kukhuphuka, ngenxa yalokhu, ukuhlolwa kwegazi kunzima ukuthatha.
Okuqukethwe kwe-hemoglobin ye-overestimated kungadala ezinye izifo:
- isifo senhliziyo (ukuzalwa kabusha);
- i-erythrocytosis (inani lamaseli abomvu egazini likhuphuka);
- ukusha;
- ukuvinjwa kwamathumbu;
- isifo sikashukela mellitus;
- i-pulmonary, ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo.
Zikhona nezinye izizathu ezifaka isandla ekunyukeni kwe-hemoglobin. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukomisa, lapho isiguli sine-hemoglobin ephezulu, kepha lesi sikhombiso singamanga. Uma ukungena koketshezi kuguqulwa, khona-ke i-hemoglobin esegazini iyoba yinto evamile.
Futhi, isizathu sokuqukethwe kwe-hemoglobin ephezulu kungenzeka ukubhema ngisho nekhaya noma indawo yomsebenzi etholakala endaweni ephakeme kakhulu. Kulokhu, umzimba uzama ukukhiqiza inani eliphezulu le-hemoglobin, ngenxa yokuthi ephakeme phansi, umoya-mpilo omncane egumbini okukhona kuwo.
Uma, ekuhlaziyeni, kutholakale okuqukethwe okweqile kwe-hemoglobin, khona-ke owesifazane kufanele ahlolwe imbangela yalokhu kwephula umthetho. Esimweni esinjalo, ukwelashwa kwezimpawu akulungile, ngoba ukuze owesifazane abe nempilo, kuyadingeka ukuthola imbangela.
Nakani! Uma owesifazane engazange afune usizo lwezokwelapha ngesikhathi esifanele, khona-ke ngemuva kwalokho angaba nezinkinga ezahlukahlukene, isibonelo, i-thromboembolism.
Ungayibuyisela kanjani i-hemoglobin ibe eyejwayelekile?
Lapho okuqukethwe kwe-hemoglobin ephezulu noma ephansi kowesifazane kubangelwa ukuba khona kwanoma yisiphi isifo, khona-ke ngemuva kokwelashwa okukhethwe kahle izinga elijwayelekile lizobuyiselwa ngempumelelo.
Kulezo ziguli ezinezinkinga ezithile ze-gynecological, kuphela ngemuva kokuqedwa kwazo futhi ziphuze nemithi eyenza kusebenze i-hematopoiesis yemvelo, kuzophinde kubuyiselwe umbuso onempilo ojwayelekile. Uma ukulahlekelwa kwegazi kungavumi, khona-ke ukwelashwa okusebenzayo kuphuma embuzweni.
Umthetho ofanayo uyasebenza nakwezinye izifo ezihambisana ne-pathologies yezitho zangaphakathi. Lezi zifo zivusa ukulahleka kwegazi okuqatha futhi okungamahlalakhona. Uma inqubo yokulahlekelwa kwegazi ingabuyisiwe, khona-ke ngisho nokulandela ukudla okuyisipesheli nokuthatha izidakamizwa eziqukethe i-iron nezidakamizwa ezothuthukisa ukujikeleza kwegazi kuzoba yize.
Nge-hemoglobin ephezulu, kufanele uthole imithombo ye-erythremia, ngoba ukunyuka okuningana kwe-pigment yegazi elibomvu namaseli abomvu egazi kwenza kube nzima ukuphefumula izicubu nokujikeleza igazi.
Owesifazane uyadingeka ukulawula ukugcwala kwe-hemoglobin egazini lakhe. Ngakho-ke, kufanele anikele ngegazi okungenani kanye ngonyaka ukuze kuhlaziywe okujwayelekile futhi, uma kunesidingo, avakashele udokotela.
Ngisho nokungahambelani okuncane ngesimo esivamile kuyizizathu zokuhlolwa okugcwele, njengoba i-hemoglobin ephansi noma ephezulu isibonakaliso sokuba khona kwezifo ezahlukahlukene.
