Uma kutholakale izinga le-cholesterol ephakeme ngesikhathi kuhlolwa igazi, udokotela kufanele anikeze amaphilisi akhethekile ukuvikela izifo zenhliziyo nezemithambo. Le mishanguzo ingeyeqembu lama-statins.
Isiguli kufanele sazi ukuthi kufanele iphuze ngaso sonke isikhathi. Izimpawu, njengayo yonke eminye imithi, zinesethi ethile yemiphumela emibi, futhi udokotela kumele atshele isiguli ngayo.
Wonke umuntu oye wathinteka enkingeni ye-cholesterol ephezulu uyazibuza: ikhona yini eminye imishanguzo yokujwayeza izinga lale khompiyutha nokuthi uyithathe yini.
Imithi ye-cholesterol ihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amabili ayinhloko:
- Izimo
- Izicucu
Njengama-adjuvants, i-lipoic acid ne-omega-3 fatty acids nazo zingadliwa.
Statins - izidakamizwa ezokwehlisa i-cholesterol
Izimo ziyizinhlanganisela zamakhemikhali ezidala ukuthi umzimba unciphise ukukhiqizwa kwama-enzyme adingekayo ekwakhekeni kwe-cholesterol egazini. Uma ufunda imiyalo yale mishanguzo, khona-ke isenzo esilandelayo sinqunyelwe lapho:
- Izimo zinciphisa i-cholesterol yegazi ngenxa yomthelela wokuvinjwa kokuvuselelwa kwe-HMG-CoA kanye nokucindezela kokuqamba esibindini.
- Izitatimende zisiza ukwehlisa i-cholesterol ephezulu kubantu abane-homozygous hypercholesterolemia yomndeni, engeke yelashwa nezinye izidakamizwa ezokwehlisa i-cholesterol.
- Amanani anciphisa i-cholesterol ephelele ngama-30-45%, ne-cholesterol ebizwa ngokuthi "kubi" - ngo-45-60%.
- Ukuqothuka kwe-cholesterol ezuzisayo (ama-high density lipoproteins) ne-apolipoprotein A kuyanda.
- Izinga linciphisa ubungozi be-ischemic pathologies ngo-15%, kufaka phakathi i-myocardial infarction, kanye nethuba lokukhula kwe-angina ngokubonakaliswa kwe-myocardial ischemia ngo-25%.
- Abayona i-carcinogenic kanye ne-mutagenic.
Imiphumela emibi yama-statins
Imithi eqhamuka kuleli qembu inenqwaba yemiphumela emibi. Phakathi kwazo kukhona:
- - Kuvame ukuvela ikhanda nobuhlungu besisu, ukuqwasha, isicanucanu, i-asthenic syndrome, isifo sohudo noma ukuqunjelwa, ukuthopha, Ubuhlungu bemisipha;
- - kusuka ohlelweni lwezinzwa kukhona ama-paresthesia, isiyezi kanye nesisu, i-hypesthesia, i-amnesia, i-peripheral neuropathy;
- - kusuka emgudwini wokugaya ukudla - i-hepatitis, uhudo, i-anorexia, ukugabha, i-pancreatitis, i-cholestatic jaundice;
- - kusuka ohlelweni lwe-musculoskeletal - Ubuhlungu emuva kanye nemisipha, ukuqina, umthambo wamalunga, i-myopathy;
- - ukubonakaliswa kwe-allergic - i-urticaria, ukuqhuma kwesikhumba, ukulunywa, i-erythema exudative, i-syndrome kaLyell, ukushaqeka kwe-anaphylactic;
- - thrombocytopenia;
- - ukuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic - hypoglycemia (ukwehlisa ushukela wegazi) noma isifo sikashukela;
- - Ukukhuluphala kwesisindo, ukukhuluphala, ukungabi namandla, i-edema engaphelele.
Ngubani odinga ukuthatha ama-statins
Ukukhangiswa kwemithi kusho ukuthi kuyadingeka ukwehlisa i-cholesterol, nama-statins azosiza kulokhu, bazothuthukisa izinga lempilo, banciphise nengozi yokuba nemivimbo nokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo.
Ucwaningo oluningi selukhombisile ukuthi izidakamizwa ziyindlela ephumelela kakhulu ukuvikela izingozi ze-vascular futhi zibangela imiphumela emibi embalwa. Kepha udinga ukuthi uqaphele mayelana nezitatimende ezinjengokuthi "noma ngubani ophuza ama-statins une-cholesterol embi kanye ne-cholesterol enhle." Ngaphandle kokuqinisekiswa, iziqubulo ezinjalo akufanele zithembeke.
Eqinisweni, kusenengxoxo mpikiswano mayelana nesidingo sokusebenzisa ama-statin ebudaleni. Njengamanje, asikho isimo sokungalingani kuleli qembu lezidakamizwa. Olunye ucwaningo luveza ukuthi lapho i-cholesterol iphezulu kakhulu, ukuphuza kwabo kuyadingeka ukunciphisa ingozi yesifo senhliziyo nesemithambo.
Abanye ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi umuthi ungaba yingozi kakhulu empilweni yabantu asebekhulile futhi ubangela imiphumela emibi kakhulu, futhi inzuzo yabo ngokumelene nalesi sizinda ayinkulu kakhulu.
Izindlela zokukhetha iStatin
Umuntu ngamunye, ngokuya ngezincomo zikadokotela, kufanele azinqumele yena ukuthi uzothatha ama-statin. Uma kwenziwa isinqumo esihle, khona-ke amaphilisi athile we-cholesterol kufanele abekwe udokotela, ebheka izifo ezihambisana nesiguli.
Awukwazi ukuthatha umuthi ukuze wehlise i-cholesterol ngokwakho. Uma kwenzeka noma yiluphi ushintsho noma ukuphazamiseka kokutholakala kwe-lipid metabolism kutholakala ekuhlaziyeni, kufanele uthintane nesazi sezinhliziyo noma udokotela oyi-psychologist. Uchwepheshe kuphela ongahlola kahle ingozi yokuthatha ama-statins kumuntu ngamunye, onaka:
- iminyaka, ubulili nesisindo;
- ukuba khona kwemikhuba emibi;
- Izifo ezifanayo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi nama-pathologies ahlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi isifo sikashukela.
Uma ngabe i-statin inqunyelwe, kuzodingeka uyithathe ngokungatheni ngemithamo echazwe udokotela. Kulokhu, ukuhlolwa kwegazi okune-biochemical kufanele kuthathwe ngezikhathi ezithile. Endabeni yenani eliphakeme kakhulu lomuthi ophakanyisiwe, kuyadingeka ukuxoxa ngokubuyiselwa kwalo okungabizi kakhulu.
Yize kungcono ukuthatha izidakamizwa zoqobo, ngoba ama-generics, ikakhulukazi lawo aqhamuka eRussia, ababi kakhulu ngekhwalithi kunezidakamizwa zoqobo, noma ngisho nemithi engeniswa kwamanye amazwe.
Izicucu
Leli elinye iqembu lamaphilisi ukwehlisa i-cholesterol yegazi. Zisuselwa ku-fibroic acid futhi zingabopha ku-bile acid, ngaleyo ndlela inciphise ukwakheka okusebenzayo kwe-cholesterol esibindini. Ama-Fenofibrate anciphisa ukugcwala kwe-cholesterol ephezulu ngenxa yokuthi yehlisa inani eliphelele lama-lipids emzimbeni.
Izifundo zemitholampilo zikhombisile ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwamafenofibrate kuholela ekutheni inani eliphelele le-cholesterol lehle ngama-25%, ama-triglycerides ngo-40-50%, kanti ikholesterol enhle inyuka ngo-10-30%.
Emiyalweni ye-fenofibrate kanye ne-ciprofibrate kubhaliwe ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwabo kuholela ekunciphiseni kwe-extvascular deposits (tendon xanthomas), futhi izinga le-triglycerides ne-cholesterol ezigulini ezine-hypercholesterolemia nalo liyancipha.
Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi le mishanguzo, njengabanye abaningi, ibangela ukusabela okuhlukahlukene. Okokuqala, lokhu kuphathelene nokuphazamiseka kokugaya ukudla, futhi akunconywa ukudubula i-cholesterol ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
Imiphumela emibi ye-fenofibrate:
- Uhlelo Lokugaya - Ubuhlungu besisu, i-hepatitis, isifo se-gallstone, i-pancreatitis, isicanucanu kanye nokuhlanza, isifo sohudo, ukufuthana.
- Isistimu ye-musculoskeletal - fiphaza i-myalgia, ubuthakathaka bemisipha, i-rhabdomyolysis, imisipha imisipha, i-myositis.
- Uhlelo lwenhliziyo - i-pulmonary embolism noma i-venous thromboembolism.
- Uhlelo lwezinzwa - ukwephulwa komsebenzi wobulili, ikhanda.
- Ukubonakaliswa kwe-allergic - ukuqhuma kwesikhumba, ukulunywa, okhalweni, i-hypersensitivity to light.
Ukusetshenziswa okuhlangene kwama-statins nama-fibrate kwesinye isikhathi kubekelwa ukunciphisa umthamo wama-statins, futhi. ngakho-ke, imiphumela yabo emibi.
Ezinye izindlela
Ngokweseluleko sikadokotela, ungasebenzisa izithasiselo zokudla, isibonelo, iTykveol, uwoyela ongahluziwe, i-Omega 3, i-lipoic acid, okuthi ngokuhambisana nokwelashwa okuyinhloko kube nomthelela ekwehlisweni kwe-cholesterol.
Omega 3
Izazi zezenhliziyo zaseMelika zeluleka ngokuqinile zonke iziguli ezine-cholesterol ephezulu yegazi ukuthi ziphuze amaphilisi kawoyela enhlanzi (i-Omega 3) ukuze zivikeleke ezifweni zenhliziyo nasekuvikeleni ukudangala nesifo samathambo.
Kepha uwoyela wezinhlanzi kufanele aphathwe ngokucophelela, ngoba kungavusa ukuthuthukiswa kwe-pancreatitis engapheli, futhi lapha amaphilisi e-cholesterol ngeke asize.
IsiTykveol
Lesi sidakamizwa esenziwa emafutheni embewu yethanga. Kubhekiselwe kubantu abane-atherosulinosis yemikhumbi ehlanganisa ukuqina, i-cholecystitis, i-hepatitis.
Le phytopreparation inemiphumela yokulwa nokuvuvukala, i-hepatoprotective, choleretic ne-antioxidant.
I-Lipoic acid
Isetshenziswa njenge-ejenti yokwelapha ne-prophylactic ye-coronary atherosulinosis, njengoba ihlobene nama-antioxidants endo native.
Inomphumela omuhle kumetaboliki wama-carbohydrate, inyusa ukukhiqizwa kwe-glycogen esibindini, ithuthukisa umsoco wama-neurons, futhi ukuqoqwa kwesibindi kungathathwa kuhlanganiswe, ukubuyekezwa kwakho okuhle impela.
Ukwelashwa nge-Vitamin
Zisiza nokugcina i-cholesterol ejwayelekile. Amavithamini B6 no-B12, i-folic acid, uvithamini B3 (i-nicotinic acid) abaluleke kakhulu.
Kepha kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi amavithamini angokwemvelo futhi awenziwanga okwenziwayo, ngakho-ke ukudla kufanele kube nenani elikhulu lokudla okuvikelwe.
I-SievePren
Lesi isengezo sokudla esine-fir unyawo ekhishwe. Ine-beta-sitosterol nama-polyprenols. Isetshenziselwa umfutho wegazi ophakeme, i-atherosclerosis, i-cholesterol ephezulu yegazi kanye ne-triglycerides.
Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi izithasiselo zokudla akuyona imithi, ngakhoke, ngokombono wezokwelapha, zibuthakathaka kakhulu kunokuma kwama-statins ukuvimbela ukufa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kanye nezinhlekelele ze-vascular.
Manje kukhona nomuthi omusha wokwehlisa i-cholesterol yegazi - ezetemib. Isenzo saso sincike ekunciphiseni ukumuncwa kwe-cholesterol emathunjini. Umthamo wansuku zonke wezidakamizwa ngu-10 mg.
