Isifo sikashukela isifo sikashukela yisifo esingamahlalakhona sohlelo lwe-endocrine, esibangelwa ukungapheleli okuphelele kwe-insulin ye-hormone, esidala ukuphazamiseka emgodleni we-carbohydrate metabolism yomuntu.
I-insulin yi-hormone eyenziwe ngamanyikwe. Kusebenza njengesixhumanisi sokuhambisa ekungeneni kweglucose esitokisini, esidingekayo ekunikezelweni kwamandla.
Izimpawu zesifo sikashukela zingahluka, kepha abahamba phambili bakhona ukoma, isifiso sokudla, ukoma kanye nesikhumba, i-xerostomia (ukoma kwe-mucosa yomlomo), amanxeba angapholi, ukuhamba kwamazinyo nokuphuma kwezinsini, ukukhathala okusheshayo.
Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa ngesisekelo sokuhlolwa kwegazi okune-biochemical. Uma i-glucose yegazi idlula u-5.5 mmol / ilitha, kufanele ucabange ngokungenzeka kwesifo sikashukela.
Ukuhlukaniswa
Emhlabeni kunezinhlobo ezi-2 zesifo sikashukela, ziyahlukahluka ngesidingo somzimba se-insulin:
- Isifo sikashukela esincike ku-insulin. Kulokhu, i-hormone ayikhiqizwa, kepha uma ikhiqizwa akwanele i-carbohydrate metabolism. Lezi ziguli zidinga ukwelashwa okubuyiselwe esikhundleni nge-insulin, ekhishwa impilo yonke kumithamo ethile.
- I-mellitus engavikelekile nge-insulin. Kulokhu, ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin kwenzeka ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo ejwayelekile, kodwa ama-cell receptors awakuboni. Ezigulini ezinjalo, ukwelashwa kuqukethe ukwelashwa kokudla nokuphuza amaphilisi akhuthaza ama-insulin receptors.
Amaqembu anobungozi kanye nefa
Ngokwezibalo, umuntu ngamunye angaba ne-pathology enjalo, kepha esimweni lapho izimo ezithile ezivumayo zenzelwe ukuthuthuka kwakhe ngaphansi kwesifo sikashukela
Amaqembu anobungozi ajwayele ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela afaka:
- Isandulela sofuzo;
- Ukukhuluphala okungalawulwa;
- Ukukhulelwa
- Izifo ezingamahlalakhona ezingapheli neziyingozi ze-pancreas;
- Ukuphazamiseka kwemetabolic emzimbeni;
- Indlela yokuphila yokwehlisa ukuthula;
- Izimo ezicindezelayo zivusa ukukhipha okukhulu kwe-adrenaline egazini;
- Ukusetshenziswa kabi kotshwala;
- Izifo ezingalapheki futhi eziyingozi, ngemuva kwalokho ama-receptors abona ukuthi i-insulin ayinandaba nayo;
- Izinqubo zokutheleleka ezinciphisa ukungatheleleki;
- Ukuphuza noma ukuphatha izinto ezinomphumela wesifo sikashukela.
I-Heredity njengento ehamba phambili ekuqaleni kwesifo sikashukela
Sekuyisikhathi eside ososayensi bethola ukuthi kunezinhlobo zofuzo ezidluliselwa ngalo ushukela kwesinye isizukulwane. Kepha uma unquma kahle indlela yokuphila futhi ungathwesi umthwalo wombuso ngezinto ezingabeka engcupheni, iphesenti lokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ukugula okunoshukela lizuzwe njengefa kuncishiselwa ku-0.
Izinhlobo ngazinye zinomthwalo wohlobo oluthile lwesifo sikashukela. Ngasikhathi sinye, akunakwenzeka ukusho ngokuqinisekile ukuthi kungani sikhona njengefa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi azimele komunye nomunye futhi abe nephesenti elihlukile engcupheni yokuvela. Ngokuvamile, i-genetic predisposition iholela emathubeni angama-60-80% okugula.
Uhlobo lokuqala lwesifo sikashukela lutholwa ku-10%, kuyadingeka ukuthi uhlole ngokushesha. yini ushukela wegazi ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa. Amathuba wokuthi abazali abaphilile babe nengane enesifo sikashukela yi-5-10%, yize isilinganiso sabo siphansi kakhulu - 2-5%. Lokhu kungachazwa ukuze izakhi zofuzo ezibhekene nokuvela kwalesi sifo zidluliselwe ezizukulwaneni ezedlule. Abesilisa banefomu elincike ku-insulin kaningi kunabesifazane.
Kukhona ukuxhumana okuqinile phakathi kwamawele afanayo futhi kwandisa ubungozi besifo, esikuthola njengefa.
Uma ubaba noma umama enesifo sikashukela, khona-ke ithuba lokuthola ingane liyi-5%, kepha uma bobabili abazali begula, ubungozi bungama-21%. Uma isifo sikashukela sitholwa kwelinye lamawele, iphesenti lesifo sesibili lenyuka laya ku-50% kwifomu lokuqala, bese kwifomu lesibili lizoba ngu-70%.
Lapho kunqunywa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi isifo sinokuvela esizukulwaneni esinempilo, umuntu kufanele acabangele inani lezihlobo ezisondelene ezinesifo sikashukela, kodwa ngokubheka ukuthi uhlobo lwesifo luyafana kubo bonke. Ngominyaka yobudala, ubungozi bokuqhamuka nohlobo lokuya nge-insulin luyancipha, kepha ithuba lefomu elizimele le-insulin liyanda.
Isifo sikashukela sabesifazane abakhulelwe, noshukela nokukhulelwa kuvamile, sinenkambo ekhethekile futhi ifa yingane. Esontweni lama-20 lokukhulelwa, inani elithile likashukela lingabonakala egazini likamama olindele, ngenxa yesimo salo se-hormonal. Imvamisa ngemuva kokuzalwa kwengane, amazinga kashukela egazi abuyele kwelejwayelekile. Kepha amaphesenti athile emva kokubeletha isifo sikashukela sohlobo lokuqala noma lwesibili.
Uma sibheka ukwanda kwesakhi sofuzo kuya ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela esingaxhamli ku-insulin, iphesenti lokutholakala kwengane lifinyelela ku-80%, okungukuthi, ngobuningi, isifo sikashukela sidluliselwa kusuka kubazali. Lokhu kungaphansi kwesimo sokuthi munye kuphela wabazali ogulayo. Uma bobabili begula, amathuba afinyelela ku-100%. Ngokuphikisana nesizinda sokukhuluphala kanye nokuba khona kwemikhuba emibi, inqubo izoshesha kuphela.
Ukuvimbela
Ukunciphisa ingozi yesifo, kuyadingeka ukuthi udle njalo nangendlela efanele, uqaphe impilo ejwayelekile, ubheke ukubuswa komsebenzi nokuphumula, ususe imikhuba emibi, futhi uphinde uye ezivivinyweni zokuvimbela eziyosiza ukukhomba lesi sifo ekuqaleni, esidingekayo ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo.
