Ama-cholesterol plaque asemisebeni, angama-xanthelasms angama-neoplasms aphuzi aphuzi ngaphansi kwesikhumba esincanyana samajwabu amehlo. Indawo yabo ejwayelekile iyona ekhoneni elingaphakathi iso.
Ama-Neoplasms angaba single noma amaningi. Ukuvela kwezindawo ezinjengamashiya noma kwezinye izindawo zesikhumba kuwuphawu olungelona iqiniso lwesikhombisi futhi kukhombisa ubucayi bokuthi ukuphazamiseka kwe-lipid metabolism.
Ekwakhekeni kwe-xanthelasm, kuyadingeka ukwenza inkimbinkimbi yokuxilonga ukuthola iziphazamiso ze-metabolic ezixhumanisayo. Ukususa ama-cholesterol plaque emisebeni kungenzeka ngokuphelele ngokuhlinzwa, usebenzisa ukuhlinzwa okungajwayelekile.
I-pathophysiology ye-xanthelasm
Ukuqonda ukuthi ungawasusa kanjani ngokuphelele ama-cholesterol plaque emisebeni, kubalulekile ukuqonda i-pathophysiology yenqubo yokwenziwa.
Ngokuvamile, ama-xanthelasms akhiwa kubamele beqembu labadala. Ngaphandle kokuthi amadoda athambekele kakhulu ekulimazeni i-lipid metabolism, kwabesifazane ukuthuthukiswa kwe-xanthelasm kukhula kaningi kakhulu.
Ngokusho kwe-pathophysiology yentuthuko ye-neoplasm, isizathu salokhu amaphutha amakhulu kumetabolism yamafutha kanye nesigaba esishiwo senqubo ye-atherosclerotic.
I-etiology ye-xanthelasm yi-idiopathic. Lokho wukuthi, asikho isizathu esinokwethenjelwa sokwakheka kwama-plaque.
Izici ezinikezayo yilezi:
- ukuba khona kokukhuluphala kwe-alimentary;
- ukuba khona kwe-metabolic syndrome;
- insulin ukumelana nesifo sikashukela i-mellitus;
- okunamafutha kwesibindi hepatosis ngokushintshwa kwe-cirrhosis;
- i-hypothyroidism enzima;
- ukwanda okubukhali kwe-cholesterol endo native yemvelaphi ehlukahlukene;
- i-amyloidosis ne-steatonephrosis.
Kwezinye izimo, i-genesis yalesi sifo ifa. Abanikazi be- "Happy" be-xanthelasm bachaza ama-neoplasms afanayo ezihlotsheni eziseduze.
I-angle eyelid engenhla isengozini kakhulu ekwakhekeni kwe-plaque ngenxa yokuba khona kwesikhumba esibuthakathaka, nesincane.
Isithombe se-morphological se-neoplasms simelelwa ukuqongelela kwama-lipids ngaphansi kwesikhumba ngokukhula kwezicubu ezithintekayo. Ukubonakaliswa kwe-cholesterol ne-atherogenic lipids kuyisici esingaphansi kwesifo.
Isimo somtholampilo ekwakhekeni kwe-xanthelasm
I-cholesterol plaque iyi-subopaneous neoplasm ekhuphuka ngaphezu kwesikhumba, enohlonze ophuzi. Indawo ejwayelekile yokuthuthuka yisifunda semehlo, i-eyelid ephezulu noma engezansi, ekhoneni elingaphakathi. Isikhumba sejwabu leso elingaphezulu liyavela.
I-neoplasm ayisikhathazi isiguli, ayinabuhlungu ngokuphelele, ngombhalo othobekile nothambile.
Imvamisa, i-lesion ye-bilatal iyabonakala - amafomu ama-plaque kuwo womabili amehlo.
Ngokugxila okuningi, ama-plaque angahlangana futhi akhe amasimu amakhulu wokuqongezwa kwe-lipid.
Ngokuwohloka kwe-lipid metabolism, ukugcwaliswa okuqhubekayo kwamashiya ngama-lipids kungenzeka ngomsebenzi we-oculomotor okhubazekile.
I-Xanthelasma isifo esihamba kancane. Ezimweni eziningi, i-neoplasm ayifaki ukuthuthukiswa kwezimpawu, ngakho-ke isiguli asikuboni kunesidingo ukuthola usizo lodokotela.
Amasayizi amafomu angahluka.
Amachaphaza uqobo awahambelani nokulimala, futhi ngenxa yalokho awona usongo ngqo empilweni yomuntu. Zibangela kuphela isici esivelise ubuhle.
Ukwakheka okuhlanganisiwe kwama-plaque kuyindlela engathandeki yesifo futhi kubangela ukungahambi kahle esigulini.
I-Xanthomatosis ibonakala kulezi zingxenye zomzimba ezilandelayo:
- Indawo yobuso nentamo.
- Okweqile, okunengxenye yokuguquguquka nokwengeza indawo.
- Ulwelwesi lwe-Mucous.
- Imvamisa yayibona ukwakheka kwama-plaque emphethweni wemvelo wesikhumba.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-morphological kwe-neoplasms:
- ama-xanthelasms;
- bhubhu;
- imvelo yokuqhuma;
- imvelo ethambile.
Amafomethi awavunyelwe ukuphindaphinda. Ukubukeka kwabo kubonakaliswa ukuqhubeka okuqhubekayo okuqhubekayo.
Isilonda esinjalo sesikhumba asibonwa kakhulu emikhubeni yezingane. Isizathu salokhu ukwephulwa okunamandla kwe-bile duct yesibindi.
I-Pathology idinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha kwezokwelapha.
Izinqubo zokuxilonga
Ukuvela kwe-xanthelasm kuwuphawu lokwephulwa okukhulu kwe-lipid metabolism futhi kukhombisa ukuthuthukiswa kwe-atherossteosis. Ngezibonakaliso zokuqala zokwakheka kwama-eyelids, kufanele uthintane nodokotela. Okokuqala, kunconywa ukubonana nodokotela wamazinyo ukukhipha izifo zesikhumba zezitho eziphilayo. Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukubonana nodokotela, udokotela wamathambo nodokotela ohlinzeka ngemithambo.
Kwezinye izimo, udokotela onolwazi udinga ukuhlolwa kwesiguli ngokuqoqwa kwezikhalazo zokuxilongwa.
Ukuze kucace ukutholakala kwesi sifo, kubalulekile ukwenza imisebenzi elandelayo:
- Ukuhlaziywa kwe-biochemical yegazi ngephrofayili ephelele ye-lipid ephelele.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-Ultrasound kwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.
- I-Dopplerography yemikhumbi yenhliziyo.
- Ukuhlolwa kweglucose yegazi, ukuhlola ukubekezelela ushukela.
- Ukulinganiswa kwenkomba ye-ankle-brachial;
- Ukubalwa kwenkomba yesisindo somzimba.
- I-Electrocardiography
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuya ngemigomo yokutholwa, ukuxilongwa okuhlukile kuyenziwa.
Izifo ezinezibonakaliso ezifanayo yilezi:
- i-benign ne-neoplasms enobungozi;
- ukudonsa kwesikhumba;
- syphilitic granulomas;
- izilonda zesikhumba ezinofuba;
- papillomas.
Ukukhuphela ngaphandle izinqubo ezingenhla, i-biopsy yesikhumba yenziwa ngokuhlolwa okwengeziwe komlando, ukusabela kwe-Wasserman, ukuhlolwa kweDiaskin nezinye izindlela ezisizayo.
Ukwelashwa kwe-Xanthelasm
Njengoba ukwakheka kwe-xanthelasm kungumphumela we-metabolism engasebenzi, ukwelashwa kufanelekile.
Isilinganiso esiyinhloko ukulungiswa kwezokwelapha kwe-cholesterol metabolism.
Ukufeza umphumela omkhulu ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu, ukuguqulwa okuphelele kokudla nendlela yokuphila kuyadingeka.
Ukwelashwa kwe-atherosclerosis kufanele kube okuphelele, mayelana nokuthi isiguli sinqunywe ukwelashwa okuphelele kokunciphisa i-lipid.
Okusebenzayo kakhulu ekulweni nezilonda ze-atherosulinotic izidakamizwa zeqembu lama-statin. Ungalwa futhi ne-cholesterol ephezulu ngezidakamizwa ezisuselwa ku-Omega-3 ne-Omega-6 fatty acids. Leli qembu lezinto linomphumela ophikisana ne-cholesterol. Ama-molecule we-Omega-acid angasusa izinhlayiya ze-cholesterol kusuka ku-vasotine endothelium.
Phakathi kwemithi yabantu, kukhethwa umuthi wamakhambi. Izitshalo eziningi zemithi zinomphumela we-antiatherogenic.
Ukwelashwa kwasendaweni kwe-neoplasms, i-heparin ne-ichthyol ointment kuyasetshenziswa.
Kodwa-ke, ukususa ngokuphelele i-neoplasms kungenzeka kuphela ngosizo lokungenelela kokuhlinzwa.
Ukuze ukhulise i-xanthelasm ngokuphelele, kusetshenziswa izindlela ezingahlaseli ezilandelayo:
- Ukubhujiswa kwe-Laser.
- I-Cryodestruction.
- I-Thermocoagulation
- Indlela yerediyo yokususa ama-neoplasms.
- Indlela yokuhlinza esezingeni eliphezulu.
Indlela yokugcina yokususa isiza ukususa ngokuphelele izicubu eziguquliwe, kepha ezimweni eziningi ithola impendulo engemihle evela ezigulini ngenxa yesikhathi eside sokulapha.
Isazi sevidiyo esikulesi sihloko sizokhuluma ngama-xanthomas.
