I-Insulin Rinsulin: isenzo, imiyalo, intengo

Manje ukukhetha izindlela ushukela onganxephezelwa ngazo kuningi kubanzi: nazi ubunjiniyela bezakhi zofuzo kanye nama-analog insulin anamuhla. I-Rinsulin kuphela isidakamizwa sasekhaya esakwazi ukuthatha isabelo esibalulekile (ngaphezulu kwe-10%) yemakethe ye-insulin eRussia.

Ukuthuthukiswa kwento kanye nobuchwepheshe bangempela, ukukhiqizwa kwesisindo kusukela ngo-2004, kwenziwe nguGeropharm. I-Rinsulin itholakala ngezindlela ezi-2 - I-Rinsulin P esebenza ngamafuphi ne-Rinsulin NPH, kanti ne-lispro ne-glargine insulin kusigaba sokuvivinywa kliniki. Ikhwalithi yento iqinisekiswa ama-laboratories ambalwa aseYurophu azimele. Ngokusho kwabo, ukusebenza komuthi wethu akukubi ukwedlula okuvela kwamanye amazwe nokwenziwa okufanayo.

I-Rinsulin P - amafomu wokuchaza nokukhulula

Ngezansi kunemininingwane ethile mayelana nomuthi oyonikeza isithombe se-insulin ngokuphelele.

Isifo sikashukela nokucindezela kuzoba yinto yesikhathi esedlule

• Ukwehlela ushukela -95%
• Ukuqedwa kwe-vein thrombosis - 70%
• Ukuqedwa kokushaya kwenhliziyo okuqinile -90%
• Ukuqeda umfutho wegazi ophakeme - 92%
• Ukwanda kwamandla ngesikhathi sosuku, ngcono ukulala ebusuku -97%

Isenzo

I-Rinsulin P idonswa ngokushesha egazini isuka kwizicubu ezi-subcutaneous, umphumela we-hypoglycemic uqala ngemuva kwengxenye yehora. I-hormone ibopha ama-cell receptors, okuvumela ukuthuthwa kwe-glucose kusuka emithanjeni yegazi iye kwezicubu. Amandla kaRinsulin okwenza kusebenze ukwakheka kwe-glycogen futhi anciphise izinga lokufakwa kweshukela kusibindi kuthinta ukwehliswa kwe-glycemia.

Umphumela womuthi kuncike esilinganisweni sokumunca, nokuthi-ke, ekuqineni nasekuhlinzekweni kwegazi kwezicubu ezingaphansi kwendawo yomjovo. Ngokwesilinganiso, i-pharmacodynamics ye-Rinsulin P iyefana namanye ama-insulin amafushane:

• isikhathi sokuqala imizuzu engama-30
• isilinganiso - cishe amahora amabili
• isenzo esikhulu amahora angama-5,
• ubude besikhathi somsebenzi - kufika emahoreni ayi-8.

Ungasheshisisa isenzo se-insulin ngokuyifaka esiswini noma engalweni ephezulu, futhi yehlise ijubane ngokuyijova engubeni yethanga.

Ukuze unxephezele i-mellitus yesifo sikashukela ku-Rinsulin, isiguli kuzofanela sinamathele ekudleni okuyi-6 ngosuku, izikhala eziphakathi kokudla okuyisi-3 kufanele kube amahora angama-5, phakathi kwabo kube yimidonswane yama-10-20 g wama-carbohydrate ashubile.

Ukwakheka

I-Rinsulin P iqukethe isithako esisodwa kuphela esisebenzayo - i-insulin yabantu. Kwenziwa indlela yokuphindaphinda, okungukuthi, kusetshenziswa amagciwane aguqulwe kofuzo. Imvamisa u-E. coli noma imvubelo usetshenziselwa lezi zinhloso. Ngokwakheka nokwakheka kwayo, le insulin ayifani ne-hormone eyenziwe ngamanyikwe.

Kunezingxenye ezimbalwa ezisizayo zeRinsulin P kunezivumelwano ezingenisiwe. Ngaphezu kwe-insulin, iqukethe kuphela amanzi, i-metacresol yokulondolozwa kanye ne-stabilizer glycerol. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngenxa yalokhu, amathuba okuphendula komzimba endaweni yokulimala aphansi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukumfaka egazini kanye nokwehlisa ushukela kweRinsulin kungahluka kancane. Ngakho-ke, ukushintshela kwesinye isidakamizwa ngento efanayo esebenzayo kungathatha izinsuku ezimbalwa, lapho ukunxeshezelwa kwesifo sikashukela kubhebhetheka.

Khipha amafomu

I-Rinsulin P yisixazululo esingenamibala, esobala ngokuphelele, ku-millilita yamayunithi ayi-100 e-hormone.

Ukukhipha Amafomu:

1. Izilwane ezihamba ngesisombululo se-10 ml, isidakamizwa esivela kubo kuzodingeka ukuthi sifakwe isirinji ye-insulin.
2. Ama-cartridge ama-3 ml. Zingafakwa kunoma yisiphi isibaya sesirinji esenzelwe ibhokisana elijwayelekile: HumaPen, BiomaticPen, Autopen Classic. Ukuze ukwazi ukufaka umthamo oqondile we-insulin, ukukhetha kufanele kunikezwe amapeni wesirinji ngenani elincane lokukhuphuka. Isibonelo, i-HumaPen Luxura ikuvumela ukuthola amaphuzu angu-0.5.
3. Amapeni wesirinji alahliweyo Rinastra 3 ml. Ukufaka i-cartridge kubo akunakwenzeka, isinyathelo sokuqala.

Imiyalo yokusebenzisa iRinsulin

Imiphumela engafuneki

Imvamisa yemiphumela emibi yeRinsulin iphansi, iningi leziguli lithola kuphela i-hypoglycemia emnene.

Uhlu lwemiphumela engenzeka engafuneki ngokuya ngemiyalo:

1. I-Hypoglycemia kungenzeka uma umthamo womuthi ubalwe ngokungalungile futhi wedlula isidingo somzimba wehomoni. Ukungahambisani nemiyalo yokusetshenziswa nakho kungadala ukwehla kushukela: inqubo yokujova engafanele (i-insulin ingene emsipha), ukufudumeza kwesayithi lomjovo (ukushisa komoya okuphezulu, ukucindezela, ukufutheka), ipeni lesirinji elingalungile, umsebenzi womzimba ongafakwanga. I-Hypoglycemia kufanele iqedwe lapho kuvela izimpawu zayo zokuqala: i-malaise, ukuthuthumela, indlala, ikhanda. Imvamisa i-10-15 g yama-carbohydrate asheshayo anele lokhu: ushukela, isiraphu, amaphilisi kashukela. I-hypoglycemia enkulu ingaholela emonakalweni ongenakuphikiswa ohlelweni lwezinzwa, obangela ukoma.
2. Umphumela wesibili ovame kakhulu ukusabela komzimba. Imvamisa, kuvezwa ngokuxhamazela noma ubomvu endaweni yokujova bese kunyamalala amasonto ambalwa kuqokiwe ukwelashwa kwe-insulin. Uma ukulunywa kukhona, ama-antihistamines angathathwa. Uma i-allergy isiphenduke ifomu elijwayelekile, i-urticaria noma i-edema yeQuincke yenzekile, i-Rinsulin R kuzofanele ingene esikhundleni.
3. Uma umuntu onesifo sikashukela eye waba ne-hyperglycemia isikhathi eside, umthamo wokuqala we-insulin ubalwa ukuze ushukela wegazi unciphe kahle, ngaphezu kwenyanga. Ngokuhla okubukhali kweglucose kuye kwesejwayelekile, ukuwohloka kwesikhashana enhlalakahleni kungenzeka: ukubona okufiphele, ukuvuvukala, izinhlungu emilenzeni - ukubala kanjani umthamo we-insulin.

Izinto eziningi zithonya isenzo se-insulin, ngakho-ke iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela ekwelashweni kwe-insulin kufanele zihambisane nodokotela yonke imishanguzo, amakhambi abantu kanye nezinto zokudla abahlela ukuzisebenzisa.

Umyalo ululeka ukuthi unake ngokukhethekile amaqembu alandelayo ezidakamizwa:

• izidakamizwa ze-hormonal: izindlela zokuvimbela inzalo, ama-hormone egilo, ama-glucocorticosteroids;
• amakhambi we-hypertension: ama-diuretics we-thiazide subgroup, zonke izidakamizwa eziphela ngo-april no-sartan, i-lazartan;
• uvithamini B3;
• amalungiselelo e-lithium;
• ama-tetracyclines;
• noma yimaphi ama-ejenti we-hypoglycemic;
• i-acetylsalicylic acid;
• abanye antidepressants.

Ukubuyelwa kwesifo sikashukela i-mellitus kuya ngokuba yimbi kakhulu nazo zonke izidakamizwa neziphuzo eziqukethe utshwala kungaholela ekutheni ube ne-hypoglycemia - bheka ukuthi isifo sikashukela esibolile siholelani. Izidakamizwa zeBeta-blocker ezisetshenziselwa izifo zenhliziyo zidambisa izimpawu ze-hypoglycemia futhi zivikele ukuthi zingatholakali ngesikhathi.

Izici zohlelo lokusebenza

Ngemuva kokuphela kokusebenza, i-insulin ibhujiswa esibindini nasezinso. Uma isifo sikashukela sinezifo zalezi zitho, umthamo weRinsulin ungadinga ukuguqulwa. Isidingo esandayo se-insulin sibhekwa ngezikhathi zokushintsha kwamahomoni, ngezifo ezithathelwanayo, umkhuhlane, ukuhlukumezeka, ukucindezelwa, ukukhathala kwezinzwa. Umthamo wesidakamizwa ungahle ungalungile uma isiguli sikashukela sinokuhlanza, uhudo, nokuvuvukala emgodini wokugaya ukudla.

Ama-analogues adume kakhulu eRinsulin R yiDenmark Actrapid neAmerican Humulin Regular. Imininingwane yocwaningo iphakamisa ukuthi izinkomba zekhwalithi zikaRinsulin zisezingeni lamazinga aseYurophu.

Uma kwenzeka ukungaboni ngaso linye okuqhubekayo, i-Rinsulin kuzodingeka ishiywe. Imvamisa, amanye ama-insulin abantu abangela ukusabela okufanayo, ngakho-ke asebenzisa izindlela ze-ultrashort - uHumalog noma uNovoRapid.

Intengo yeRinsulin P - kusuka kuma-ruble angama-400. Ibhodlela ngalinye lifinyelela ku-1150 ngamapeni wesirinji ama-5.

Umehluko phakathi kweRinsulin P ne-NPH

I-Rinsulin NPH isidakamizwa esisebenza phakathi komkhiqizi ofanayo. Ngokusho kwemiyalo, isetshenziselwa ukwenza ushukela ojwayelekile abe ngokwejwayelekile. I-Rinsulin NPH inomqondo ofanayo wesenzo, ifomu lokukhulula, izinkomba ezifanayo, i-contraindication kanye nemiphumela emibi njengoRinsulin R. Njengomthetho, ngokuphathwa kwe-insulin zombili lezi zinhlobo ze-insulin zihlanganisiwe - zimfishane neziphakathi. Uma imfihlo ye-hormone yakho igcinwa ngokwengxenye (uhlobo 2 nesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa), ungasebenzisa umuthi owodwa kuphela.

Izici zeRinsulin NPH:

Intengo yebhodlela leRinsulin NPH ~ ama-ruble angama-400., Ama-cartridge amahlanu ~ ama-ruble ayi-1000., Amasenti amahlanu wesirinji ~ ama-ruble ayi-1200.