Ushukela wegazi 6.9 - ukuthi wenzeni nokuthi ungelashwa kanjani?

Inkomba ye-glycemic ingenye yezimpawu ezibaluleke kakhulu zempilo yabantu. Unesibopho, kubandakanya nezinqubo ezenzeka ngaphakathi kwamangqamuzana, kanye nezikhathi ezithile zokusebenza kwengqondo. Wonke umuntu kufanele alinganise izinga le-glucose egazini, ngisho nomuntu oqiniseka ngokuphelele ngesimo sempilo yakhe.

Uma ukulawulwa kwaleli nani kwenziwa njalo nangesikhathi esifanele, khona-ke kungenzeka ukuthi ekuqaleni kwesifo ukuthola lesi sifo noma izakhiwo zaso, kusiza kakhulu ukwelashwa.

Okubizwa ngokuthi "ushukela wegazi"

Isampula legazi le-glucose alivezi okuqukethwe ushukela, kepha kuphela ukugcotshwa kwengxenye kashukela. Lokhu, njengoba wazi, kubhekwa njengento engabalulekile yamandla womzimba womuntu.

Uma umzimba untula ushukela (futhi lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-hypoglycemia), khona-ke kufanele kuthathe amandla kwenye indawo, futhi lokhu kwenzeka ngokuphula amafutha. Kepha ukwehlukana kwama-carbohydrate kuyinkimbinkimbi yokuthi kwenzeka kanye nokwakhiwa kwezidumbu ze-ketone - lezi yizinto eziyingozi ezidala ukudakwa komzimba okukhulu.

Ungena kanjani ushukela emzimbeni? Ngokwemvelo, ngokudla. Amaphesenti athile ama-carbohydrate ngesimo se-glycogen agcina isibindi. Uma umzimba ungenayo le nto, umzimba uqala ukukhiqiza ama-hormone akhethekile, kuvusa ukusabela okuthile kwamakhemikhali - lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze i-glycogen iguqulwe glucose. I-insulin ye-hormone inesibopho sokugcina ushukela ngokujwayelekile, kukhiqizwa ama-pancreas.

Ngubani otuswa ukunikela ngegazi ngoshukela

Kuyiqiniso, ukunikela nge-prophylactically donsa nge-glucose kuyadingeka kubo bonke abantu, kuyalulekwa ukwenza lokhu okungenani kanye ngonyaka. Kepha kunesigaba seziguli okungafanele sihlehlise ukulethwa kohlaziyo kuze kufike isikhathi sokuhlolwa okuhleliwe. Uma kunezimpawu ezithile, into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukuthatha isampula yegazi.

Izimpawu ezilandelayo kufanele zazise isiguli:

• Ukuchama kaningi;
• Amehlo afiphele;
• Umile futhi womile umlomo;
• Ukudonsa emilenzeni, ukuqina;
• Ukungakhathali kanye nokubambezela;
• Ukwehla kwesibindi.

Ukuze uvikele isifo, ukusivimba ukuthi singathuthuki, okokuqala kubalulekile ukubheka amanani kashukela wegazi. Akudingekile ukuya emtholampilo ukuyokuhlaziya; ungathenga i-glucometer - ithuluzi elilula ongalisebenzisa ekhaya.

Ngabe yini ushukela wegazi?

Izilinganiso kufanele zenziwe kaningana ngosuku izinsuku eziningana. Le ukuphela kwendlela yokulandela ukufundwa kwe-glucose ngokunemba okwanele. Uma ukuphambuka kungasho lutho futhi kungahambelani, asikho isizathu sokukhathazeka, kepha igebe elikhulu kumanani yisikhathi sokuxhumana nodokotela onguchwepheshe ngokushesha.

Amamaki wokuhlola ushukela wegazi:

1. Amanani we-3.3-5.5 mmol / L abhekwa njengejwayelekile;
2. Isifo sikashukela - 5.5 mmol / L;
3. Umaki womngcele, ubufakazi begazi labanesifo sikashukela - 7-11 mmol / l;
4. Ushukela ongaphansi kuka-3.3 mmol / L - hypoglycemia.

Vele, ngokuhlaziywa kwesikhathi esisodwa, akekho umuntu ozosungula isifo. Kunezimo eziningana lapho isampula legazi linikeza umphumela ongalungile. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlolwa kwegazi kunikezwa okungenani kabili, uma kwenzeka kunemiphumela emibili emibi ngokulandelana, isiguli sithunyelwa ukuze siyohlolwa okuningiliziwe. Lokhu kungaba ukuhlolwa okubizwa ngegazi koshukela okufihliwe, kanye nokuhlaziywa kwama-enzyme, i-ultrasound yamanyikwe.

Ukuhlolwa kweglucose emadodeni

Ukuhlolwa kufanele kwenziwe esiswini esingenalutho. Isikhathi esihle sokusampula ngamahora angama-8-11 ekuseni. Uma unikela ngegazi ngesinye isikhathi, amanani azokwenyuka. Isampula yokugeleza komzimba imvamisa ithathwa emunweni wendandatho. Ngaphambi kokuthatha isampula yegazi, awukwazi ukudla cishe amahora angama-8 (kepha "ungalamba" amahora angaphezu kuka-14). Uma impahla ingathathanga kusuka emunweni, kepha kusuka emthanjeni, khona-ke izinkomba kusuka ku-6.1 kuye ku-7 mmol / l zizobajwayelekile.

Imininingwane ebalulekile:

1. Izinga le-glucose lithintwa yiminyaka yobudala, kepha izinguquko ezinkulu zingabonakala kuphela kubantu besigaba 60+, kuleli banga amanani avumelekile angaphakama kancane kunokwejwayelekile, izinkomba ezifanayo ze-3.5-5.5 mmol / l zizoba ezejwayelekile.
2. Uma inkomba iphansi, lokhu kubonisa ukwehla kwezwi. Indoda ivame ukuzizwa izinguquko ezinjalo, lokhu kuboniswa ukukhathala okusheshayo, ukusebenza okunciphile.
3. Izinkomba ezamukelekayo zamazinga kashukela wegazi ngu-4.6-6.4 mmol / L.

Kumadoda asebekhulile (amadala kuneminyaka engama-90), amamaki avumelekile alele ku-4.2 -6.7 mmol / L.

Isimo senani likashukela wegazi kwabesifazane

Kwabesifazane, iminyaka yobudala izophazamisa ukufundwa koshukela egazini. Ukugxuma okubukhali okubonisa inqubo ethile ye-emzimbeni emzimbeni kuyingozi. Ngakho-ke, uma izinkomba ziguqula noma zingashintshi kangako, kufanelekile ukuthi uhlaziywe ngokubaluleke kakhulu njalo ukuze ungaphuthelwa ukuqala kwesifo.

Amazinga kashukela wegazi kwabesifazane, ukuhlukaniswa kweminyaka:

• Kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-14 - 3,4-5.5 mmol / l;
• Iminyaka eyi-14-60 - 4.1-6 mmol / l (lokhu kufaka nokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini);
• Iminyaka engama-60-90 - 4.7-6.4 mmol / l;
• Iminyaka engama-90+ - 4.3-6.7 mmol / L.

Ushukela wegazi 6.9 ukuthi wenzeni?

Ngakho-ke, uma isiguli sinikela ngegazi, kucatshangelwa yonke imithetho, futhi umphumela usukela ku-5.5-6.9 mmol / L, lokhu kubonisa i-prediabetes. Uma inani lidlula umkhawulo we-7, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ushukela kungakhulunywa ngalo. Kepha ngaphambi kokwenza lesi sifo, kubalulekile ukwenza ucwaningo olwengeziwe ukucacisa isithombe.

Qaphela iphuzu elilandelayo - ukukhula kwe-glycemia ngemuva kokudla kakhulu ama-carbohydrate ahlala emahoreni ayi-10 kuye kwayi-14. Ngakho-ke, kungalesi sikhathi esiningi okudingeka ungadli ngaphambi kokuhlaziywa.

Yini engadala ushukela ophezulu:

• Isifo sikashukela i-mellitus noma i-prediabetes;
• Ukucindezela okukhulu, injabulo, ukucindezelwa okungokomoya;
• Amandla nokulayisha ngokweqile kwengqondo;
• Isikhathi esibuhlungu kakhulu (ukunikela ngegazi ngemuva kokuhlinzwa);
• Isifo esibucayi sesibindi;
• Ukungasebenzi kwesitho se-endocrine;
• Ukwephulwa kokuhlaziywa.

Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezithile zama-hormonal, izindlela zokuvimbela inzalo, izidakamizwa zokugaya, kanye ne-corticosteroids kuthinta izinkomba zokuhlaziya. Umdlavuza wamanyikwe, kanye nokuvuvukala kwalesi sitho, nakho kungathinta imiphumela yalokhu kuhlaziywa.

Udokotela uvame ukuxwayisa - asikho isidingo sokukhathazeka ngaphambi kokunikela ngegazi, ukucindezelwa nokucindezelwa okungokomzwelo kungashintsha kakhulu imiphumela yokuhlaziywa. Lezi zimo, kanye nokugcwala ngokweqile kwendiza ebonakalayo, kuvusa ukukhululeka kwezindlala ze-adrenal. Baqala ukukhiqiza ama-hormone we-contra-hormonal. Nazo, zisiza isibindi ukukhipha ushukela.

Ziyaqhubeka kanjani ezinye izivivinyo?

Imvamisa, iziguli ezinesibalo segazi esingu-6,9 zinqunyelwa ukuhlolwa okubizwa ngokuthi yi-glucose tolerance test. Kwenziwa ngomthwalo owengeziwe. Lo mthwalo ushukela uphakamisa ukukhonjwa komphumela onembe kakhudlwana, uma izifundo ezivamile zibangele ukungabaza okuthile phakathi kodokotela.

Okokuqala, isiguli siphumelela isivivinyo esiswini esingenalutho, khona-ke sinikezwa ukuba siphuze isixazululo sikashukela. Ngemuva kwalokho isampula yegazi iphindwa ngemuva kwengxenye yehora, ihora, ihora nesigamu nemizuzu engu-120. Kukholelwa ukuthi amahora ama-2 ngemuva kokuthatha amanzi amtoti, izinga likashukela akumele lidlule ku-7.8 mmol / L.

Uma izinkomba zihlala ziluhlu lwe-7.8 - 11.1 mmol / L, lokhu kuzoba ngumaka wokubekezelelwa kwe-glucose engasebenzi kahle. Ungahumusha lo mphumela njenge-metabolic syndrome noma i-prediabetes. Lesi simo sibhekwa njenge -lineline, futhi sandulela isifo esingamahlalakhona njengesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.

Yini ukuhlaziya ukwambula i-glycated hemoglobin ye?

Isifo sikashukela i-mellitus yisifo esikhohlisayo, siyakwazi ukudlula ngasese. Inkambo efihliwe enjalo ukungabi bikho kwezimpawu nemiphumela emihle yokuhlolwa. Ukuze unqume ngokunembile ukuthi amanani eglucose emzimbeni akhuphuke kangakanani ezinyangeni ezi-3 ezedlule, ukuhlaziya okuqukethwe kwe-hemoglobin ye-glycated kufanele kwenziwe.

Asikho isidingo sokulungiselela ngokukhethekile ukuhlaziya okunjalo. Umuntu angadla, aphuze, enze nje imfundo yezomzimba, alandele irejimeni ejwayelekile. Kepha, ngeqiniso, kunconyelwa ukugwema ukucindezela nokulayisha ngokweqile. Yize zingenalo ithonya elikhethekile emiphumeleni, kungcono ukulandela lezi zincomo ukuze kungangabazeki.

Ku-serum yegazi lesiguli enempilo, i-glycated hemoglobin izophawulwa kuhla lwe-4.5 - 5.9%. Uma ukwanda kwezinga kutholakala, khona-ke amathuba esifo sikashukela aphezulu. Lesi sifo sitholakala uma ukugcwala kwe-hemoglobin ye-glycated kungaphezulu kwe-6.5%.

Yini isifo sikashukela?

Isimo sangaphambi kwesifo sikashukela sivame ukungalingani noma izimpawu zibe mnene kangangokuba umuntu akazinaki kakhulu.

Yiziphi izimpawu ezingaba khona zesifo sikashukela?

1. Inkinga yokulala. Ukwehluleka ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin yemvelo kusolwa. Ukuvikela umzimba kuphulwa, kusengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa yangaphandle nezifo.
2. Ukulimazeka kokubonakalayo. Izinkinga ezithile ngombono zenziwa ngenxa yobuningi begazi elandayo, zihamba zimbi kakhulu ngemithambo emincane, ngenxa yalokho, i-optic nerve ayinikwa kahle ngegazi, futhi umuntu, ngenxa yalokho, akaboni ngokucacile.
3. Isikhumba esikhanyayo. Futhi kwenzeka ngenxa yokujaha kwegazi. Kunzima ukudlula kunethiwekhi enhle kakhulu yesikhumba segazi, futhi ukusabela okunjengokulunywa kuyaqondakala impela.
4. Izikhova. Kungenzeka kusuka ukungondleki kwezicubu.
5. Umile. Izinga le-glucose ephezulu ligcwele ngokwanda kwesidingo somzimba samanzi. Futhi ushukela uphuca izicubu zamanzi, bese usebenza ezinso, kuholele ekuphumeni komchamo wakho. Ngakho-ke umzimba "uvimba" igazi eliningi kakhulu, futhi lokhu kwandisa ukoma.
6. Ukwehla kwesisindo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuqonda okunganele kwe-glucose ngamaseli. Azinawo amandla anele okusebenza okujwayelekile, futhi lokhu kugcwele ukuncipha kwesisindo futhi nokukhathala ngokweqile.
7. Ukushisa. Ingabonakala ngenxa yezinguquko ezingazelelwe ku-plasma glucose (njengobuhlungu bekhanda).

Vele, awunakuzixilonga. Isifo sikashukela sidinga ukubhekwa kwezokwelashwa, ukwenziwa kwezincomo kanye nokuqokwa. Uma uphendukela kodokotela ngesikhathi, ungathembela emiphumeleni emihle kakhulu.

Selashwa kanjani isifo sikashukela?

Ukwelashwa kwesimo sangaphambi kwesifo sikashukela ngezinga elikhulu kuqukethe ekuvinjelweni kwezinkinga. Futhi ngenxa yalokhu udinga ukuyeka ngokuphelele imikhuba emibi, yenza ngokwejwayelekile isisindo (uma kunezinkinga ezinjalo). Ukuzivocavoca kubaluleke kakhulu - asiza hhayi kuphela ukugcina umzimba usesimweni esihle, kepha futhi kuthinta i-metabolism yemisipha, njll.

Akuvamile kakhulu nge-prediabetes lapho kutholakala ukuthi isifo segazi esivela emithanjeni yegilo. Isigaba sokuqala salokhu kugula silungiswa kahle futhi silungiswa ngempumelelo. Ukuhlushwa kwe-cholesterol egazini kufanele kugadwe.

Kuvela ukuthi i-prediabetes yisikhathi umuntu aqala ngaso, uma kungeyona impilo entsha, lapho-ke isigaba sakhe esisha. Lokhu kuvakasha njalo kudokotela, ukulethwa kwezivivinyo ngesikhathi, ukuthobela zonke izidingo. Imvamisa phakathi nalesi sikhathi isiguli siya kokondli okokuqala, sibhalisela amakilasi okwelapha ngokomzimba, echibini. Uza esinqumweni esibaluleke kangaka njengokushintsha kokudla.

Kuyini ukondliwa kwesifo sikashukela?

Ama-carbohydrate wokufaka ngokushesha kumenyu kufanele angabandakanywa. Okuthosiwe, okunosawoti futhi okunamafutha - ukudla okulimazayo kumuntu okwi-prediabetes. Okuqukethwe kwekhalori okuphelele kwemenyu kuncishisiwe ngokucacile (kepha lokhu akumele kuya ekulimazeni kwezimpawu zokudla nezithako zokudla).

Ushukela ophezulu wegazi yisikhathi sokuhlolwa okuningiliziwe, uthole izeluleko zezokwelashwa futhi uhlanganyele ngokungathi sína kulungiswa kwendlela yokuphila. Akunasidingo sokubhala umphumela ongemuhle njengephutha, kungcono ukubhekisisa kabili, ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi azikho i-pathologies ezinkulu. Okokuqala, kufanele ubonane nodokotela wezokwelapha, ngakho-ke, ngokunokwenzeka, uzodinga ukubonana nodokotela we-endocrinologist.

Ividiyo - Isifo sikashukela