Ngokukhula kwesifo sikashukela kwasekuqaleni, lesi sifo sihlotshaniswa namanyikwe, angalunganga ngokuphelele. Njengoba kuphela ohlotsheni lokuqala lwesifo sikashukela kukhona ukwephulwa kokukhiqizwa kwe-insulin ngamaseli okwenziwa kwamaLangerhans kuma-pancreas. Futhi ngokuqhubeka kwesifo, ezinye izitho nezinhlelo zithintekile. Okokuqala, isifo sikashukela sanoma yiluphi uhlobo sithinta isibindi.
Umsebenzi wesibindi
Ngokungeziwe kokusebenza kwesihlungi, kumi phakathi kohlelo lokujikeleza kwento yonke kanye nethambo lesisu. Isibindi senza imisebenzi yokwenziwa neyedepho. Lo mzimba ubandakanyeka ekusebenzeni nasekusebenzeni kwama-hormone amaningi alawula ukusebenza okujwayelekile komzimba. Enye yazo i-glucagon ekhiqizwa amaseli we-pancreatic alpha. Le hormone isiza ukukhulisa ushukela wegazi. Lapho lokhu kwenzeka, kukhishwa kwezinye izitho nezicubu.
Umsebenzi wedepho wesibindi ukugcina inani elikhulu le-glucose ku-parenchyma yalo. Kulokhu, i-glucose ingagcinwa zombili ngendlela ejwayelekile nasesakhiweni esiyinkimbinkimbi esibizwa nge-glycogen. Le polysaccharide uma kwenzeka kuba nezimo ezibucayi, ukukhathala kakhulu komzimba, ukusebenza ngokweqile, ngaphansi kwethonya lama-enzyme athile wesibindi kuqala ukudiliza futhi kulethe ushukela egazini.
IGlucose nesifo sikashukela
Isibonakaliso esiyinhloko sikashukela ukukhuphuka kweglue glucose. IGlucose i-substrate yamandla, ngaphandle kokubamba iqhaza kwayo, ama-mitochondria we-intracellular awakwazi ukukhipha amandla anele okusebenza okujwayelekile kwesitho.
Kepha ukweqisa ushukela kunemiphumela yako. Ukuvela kwamazinga aphezulu kashukela egazini ngokumelene nesizinda samazinga aphansi we-insulin kuholela ekubulambeni ngamandla komzimba. Njengoba i-glucose ingabhuqi ngaphandle kwe-insulin. Kulesi simo, ezinye izingxenyana zomhlaba zidilizwa phansi, lapho amandla angathathwa khona (amafutha nama-protein), nemikhiqizo yawo yokuwohloka inomphumela onobuthi ezinhlelweni zomzimba. Okokuqala, ubuchopho buhlupheka, bese kuba khona i-dystrophy yesibindi, okusongela ukukhula kwe-cirrhosis.
Ukuzibandakanya kwesibindi kushukela
Ngoshukela wegazi ophakeme njalo, ushukela uqala ukufakwa kwizicubu nezitho zomzimba. Okuholela ekuphazamiseni okokugcina. Njengoba isibindi siwuhlobo lwedepho ye-glucose emzimbeni, kungokuqala ukuthinteka. Ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, ushukela uguqulwa ube izicubu ze-adipose, ku-parenchyma yesibindi, ukumiswa kwezicubu ze-adipose kuqala - i-steatosis.
ISteatosis inokwenzeka kubantu abangenaso isifo sikashukela. Kepha abantu abanjalo banamafutha amaningi, lapho ukungena kuwo izicubu zesibindi ezinamafutha kwenzeka ngokushesha okukhulu. Lesi simo kungaholela ekwakhekeni kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.
Lolu hlobo lubonakala ngokukhiqizwa okujwayelekile kwe-insulin, kepha ngokumelene nesizinda samafutha ngokweqile, ukuzwela kwezicubu kuleli hormone kuyancipha. Kukhona njalo ushukela wegazi ophakeme. Kulokhu, isibindi sisebenza kanzima, sibamba ushukela bese sinqwabelana ku-parenchyma yaso.
Abantu abane-steatosis yesibindi ngokuvamile abanazo izikhalazo.
Ngokuqhubeka kwesifo, ukukhula kwenqubo yokuvuvukala esibindini kungenzeka, futhi i-steatosis iba yi-steatohepatitis. Lesi sifo sibonakaliswa ukwanda kosayizi wesibindi, ukuqwashisa kwe-sclera nesikhumba kungenzeka, iziguli zikhononda ngobuhlungu kanye nomuzwa wokusinda ohlangothini lwesokunene, ukukhathala okwandayo, isicanucanu nokuhlanza kungenzeka. Ngokuphikisana nesizinda senqubo yokuvuvukala ku-parenchyma yesibindi, ukufakwa kwayo kancane kancane ngezicubu ezithintekayo kwenzeka. I-Fibrosis yesibindi iyavela, ekhombisa ukuqala kwentuthuko ye-cirrhosis.
I-Cirrhosis yesibindi esinesifo sikashukela ithwala ingozi ekhethekile. Ngemuva kwakho konke, izitho eziyinhloko sezivele zihlupheka ngenani elikhulayo lobuthi, ngaphezu kwalokho kukhona ukungasebenzi kwesihlungi esikhulu. Ezigabeni zokuqala ze-cirrhosis, ngaphezu kwezimpawu ze-steatohepatosis, kuvela abanye. Iziguli zikhononda ngokulunywa kanzima, ukungalali kahle nokuphaphama, ukubukeka kobuhlungu esiswini sonke, ukwanda okukhulu kwesisu, ukubukeka kwenethiwekhi ye-venous odongeni olungaphandle lwesisu. Zonke lezi zimpawu zibonisa i-portal hypertension ethuthukisiwe, ehambisana nokubonakala kokuphuma komoya oyinyumba emgodini wesisu, ukuthuthukiswa kokunwetshwa kwemithambo ye-esophagus nokuphuma kwegazi okujwayelekile kubo.
Ukwelashwa
Ukuze uvimbele ukukhula kwesifo sesibindi, kanye nesifo sikashukela i-mellitus, noma uma kukhona ukubonakaliswa kwalezi zifo, lapho-ke kunxephezela isimo, kubalulekile ukufeza iqoqo lezinyathelo okuhloswe ngazo ukwenza ngcono isimo somzimba. Isinyathelo sokuqala ukuxhumana nochwepheshe. Kulokhu, kungaba yi-gastroenterologist, i-endocrinologist, i-hepatologist. Bazokwenza ukuhlolwa okugcwele kwesiguli, okuzocacisa indlela eya ekwelashweni esimweni esithile.
Uma isiguli sinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, kuyadingeka ukunquma ukwelashwa kokudla, uma kungaphumeleli, kubalulekile ukuqala kabusha ukwelashwa. Ngale njongo, amaphilisi okufaka i-insulin asetshenziswa kufomu lethebhulethi noma lomjovo.
Ukuthuthukiswa kohlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 kuvame ukubonwa kubantu abakhuluphele ngokweqile.
Kulokhu, okuphumelela kakhulu kuzoba wukushintsha kwendlela yokuphila, ezemidlalo, okuhloswe ngayo ukunciphisa isisindo somzimba, kanye nokwelashwa kokudla.
Ukudla kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela kufanele kufake:
- Ukuphuza kakhulu - ngenxa yokulahleka okukhulu koketshezi lomzimba;
- Inani elikhulu lezithelo - kuyadingeka ukukhetha ngqo lezo zithelo ezingenazo noma inani elincane, njengengxenye yama-carbohydrate asheshayo, ukugwema ukweqa okungazelelwe emazingeni kashukela;
- Imifino iyadingeka emzimbeni njengoba ingumthombo wenani elikhulu lamaminerali, izakhi ezilandelwayo, i-fiber namavithamini, ancishiswa kakhulu emzimbeni phambi kwesifo sikashukela;
- Izinhlobo ezinamafutha amancane enyama - ezidingekayo njengomthombo wamaprotheni, ekusebenzeni okujwayelekile kwemisebenzi yokuvuselela umzimba;
- Izinhlanzi ezinamafutha aphansi - ezidingekayo ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela ukubuyisa inani lama-amino acid, amaprotheni nezinye izakhamzimba;
- AmaCereals - ukubuyisa ibhalansi yamandla ngenxa yamakhompiyutha ayinkimbinkimbi, ayohlukaniswa isikhathi eside emzimbeni futhi kugcinwe ukusebenza okujwayelekile kwazo zonke izinhlelo zomzimba.
Iziguli kumele zinamathele njalo ekudleni, noma yikuphi ukuphambuka kungaholela ekuxhakazeni okungathandeki kushukela wegazi, okuzoholela kwimiphumela engathandeki.
Ukugwema le nkinga ngokudla kwesiguli akufakiwe:
- Inyama enamafutha;
- Imikhiqizo ethosiwe futhi yabhema;
- Amaswidi nokudla okunokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-carbohydrate asheshayo;
- Imikhiqizo ethengisiwe yebhikawozi namakhekhe enziwe ekhaya;
- Izithelo eziphakeme ze-carbohydrate
- Ucebile ngesitashi.
Ukuvimbela ukukhula kwe-hepatosis enamafutha, kuyadingeka ukwehlisa isisindo. Okunye ukudla ngeke kwanele kwalokhu, abantu banconywa ukuthi badlale imidlalo, baphile impilo esebenzayo, basebenzise isikhathi esincane ekhaya, futhi basebenzise okuningi emgwaqweni. Baphendukela kodokotela ukuze bathole usizo, batusa ongoti abahle. ezizosiza iziguli kule ndaba enzima. Abaqeqeshi abafanelekile bazothuthukisa isethi yokuzivocavoca ezosiza ngempumelelo ukunciphisa umzimba. Uma iziguli zikwazi ukulahla inani elihlaba umxhwele lamakhilogremu, khona-ke azikwazi ukwesaba ukukhula kwe-steatosis nokukhula kwayo ku-cirrhosis.
Ngokuqalwa kwe-cirrhosis kanye nokungakwazi ukukubuyiselela ngokwelashwa kokudla, baphendukela ekusebenziseni ukwelashwa ngezidakamizwa. Ama-Hepatoprotectors, ukwelashwa ngamavithamini, izidakamizwa ezisehlisa umfutho wegazi, ama-angioprotectors, ama-glucocorticosteroids asetshenziswa.
