Imiyalo ye-formethine yokusetshenziswa ibonakala njengomuthi ophumelelayo we-antidiabetesic wesigaba se-Biguanide. Ubunzima besidakamizwa ukuguquguquka kwako okuhlukahlukene: amaphilisi angasetshenziswa ekwelapheni isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, thatha iFomuin nalabo uhlobo lokukhuluphala kwabo okungavumeli ukwehlisa isisindo kuphela ngokudla nangemidlalo.
Iningi labanesifo sikashukela libekezelela ukwelashwa kalula, imiphumela engathandeki kungenzeka kakhulu uma imiyalelo nemithetho enqunywe udokotela ingalandelwa. Uhlobo lwemiyalo kuleli sayithi lenziwa lula, lunezelwa ngezibuyekezo namazwana. Akunakwenzeka ukuyibona njengesiqondiso sokuzelapha.
Ifomu lomthamo kanye nezimo zesitoreji
Ngaphandle, umuthi unokuvela kwethebhulethi elimise okweqanda elimhlophe okwejwayelekile elinomugqa ohlukanisayo ngaphandle kokunambitheka okukhethekile noma iphunga. Izibhebhe zigcwele emabhulashini, ebhokisini zingaba izingcezu eziyi-10 noma eziyi-12 zemithamo ehlukene: 0.5 g, 0.85 g noma 1 g ngalinye. Zenzelwe ukusetshenziswa ngomlomo.
Iphakethe elilodwa lingabala kusuka kumatafula angama-30 kuye kwangama-120. I-Forformin, intengo incike kwinani lamathebulethi asebhokisini nasifundeni. Izindleko eziphakeme zomuthi wasekhaya ngama-ruble angama-250. (IFomula 1000, inani lamathebulethi angama-60).
Umuthi awudingi izimo ezikhethekile zokugcinwa. Ekushiseni kwegumbi (+ 25 ° C) kude nokukhanya okukhanyayo nokunakwa kwezingane, iFomu lingagcinwa iminyaka emi-2 - lempilo eshalofini iyakhonjiswa kwiphakheji. Ngokuzayo, umuthi kumele uchithulwe.
Ukusebenza kwesenzo se-formin
Isakhi esisebenzayo somuthi yi-metformin hydrochloride. Ngaphezu kwento esemqoka esebenzayo, kukhona futhi izimbangi ekwakhiweni kwayo: i-magnesium stearate, croscarmellose sodium, povidone.
Amandla weFometin, isithombe sawo esingabonakala kulesisigaba,
- Abaphansi be-glycemia;
- Kwandisa ukuzwela kwamangqamuzana ku-insulin;
- Ivimbela ukumuncwa koshukela;
- Ilawula ukusebenza kwe-lipid metabolism:
- Akuvusi ukuzuza kwesisindo.
Umuthi awukhiqizi ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin endulin, ama-β-cell of pancreas, abhekene nokuqamba kwawo, awalayishi ngokweqile. I-Metformin idonswa ngokushesha: inani eliphakeme ekuhlushweni kwalo libonakala ngemuva kwamahora amabili.
Enye inzuzo ye-metformin ukuhlangana kwayo okubi namaprotheni egazi. IFommetin ayilungele ukuthuthukiswa kwe-hypoglycemia. Ingxenye esebenzayo inqwabelana emisipha, izinso, isibindi, izidakamizwa zesisu. Igcotshwa ikakhulu yizinso. Ukuqanjwa kwe-metformin kungenzeka kuphela ngezifo ezinzima zezinso. Ngemuva kwehora nesigamu, ukukhishwa kwento esebenzayo ngomchamo kuqala.
Njengoba umuthi unomthwalo owengeziwe ohlelweni lwezitho zofuzo, isimo sezinso nesifo sikashukela kufanele sihlolwe okungenani kabili ngonyaka.
Ungawaphuza kanjani amaphilisi
Umthamo wansuku zonke wezidakamizwa uvame ukuhlukaniswa ngemithamo emibili. Kunikezwa izincomo ezinembile ngokwedokotela. Ukwelashwa kuqala ngemithamo emincane (0.5-0.85 g / ngosuku), kanye ngesonto i-endocrinologist ingalungisa umthamo ngokuya ngemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwegazi. Umthamo omkhulu ngama-3 ama-PC / ngosuku.
I-Metformin ivame ukuthatha imizuzu engama-20 ngaphambi kokudla. Lapho-ke izigaba zomsebenzi wokugaya ukudla nemithi ziyahlangana.
Ukweqa ukudla ngemuva kokuthatha umuthi kuyingozi: ungavusa ushukela obukhali.
IFomuimetin ithathwa ngokukhululekile ngabanesifo sikashukela abaphatha izindlela zokuhamba nezinkimbinkimbi, ngoba akubangeli imiphumela engathandeki enciphisa ukugxila kokunakwa kanye nesivinini sokuphendula.
Ngubani onconywayo futhi lapho umuthi uphambaniswe
IFommetin yakhelwe ukulawula uhlobo 2 sikashukela. Ifaka imijovo ye-insulin ekwelapheni okuhlanganisiwe, ingasetshenziselwa i-monotherapy uma ukuguqulwa kwendlela yokuphila (ukudla okune-carb ephansi, umsebenzi owanele womzimba) kunganikeli umphumela olindelekile.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nokubuyekezwa, i-formatein yokuncipha kwesisindo ikhonjiswa ngohlobo lwe-android lwesifo sokukhuluphala sohlobo lwesifo sikashukela, lapho kufakwa khona amafutha omzimba ezithweni, ikakhulukazi esiswini.
Kusebenzisa umuthi omkhulu ukulungisa isimo somuntu onempilo kuyingozi.
Musa ukusebenzisa umuthi:
- Nge-hypersensitivity kwizithako zefomula;
- Uma ubungozi be-lactic acidosis bukhulu kakhulu;
- Ngokuqina okukhulu kwesibindi;
- Uma kudakwa kakhulu utshwala kanye nomlando wotshwala;
- Uma kukhona izifo ezingathi sína ezithathelanayo;
- Uma umuntu onesifo sikashukela ekudla okulambile (afinyelela ku-1000 kcal / ngosuku);
- Nge-ketoacidosis;
- Ezindaweni ezingapheli ezingapheli futhi ezinamandla ze-renal;
- Uma ohlukunyezwe ebuthakathakeni noma esimweni esandulelayo;
- Lapho umlando wamacala wethambo nenhliziyo, ukwephulwa kokugeleza kwegazi lokubeletha.
Ngokushiswa okukhulu, ukulimala kanzima, ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlinzwa, isiguli sidluliselwa ku-insulin. Uma umaki osuselwa ku-iodine enikezwa umuntu onesifo sikashukela, ezinsukwini ezi-2 ngaphambi nezinsuku ezi-3 ngemuva kokuhlolwa, iFormetin ikhanseliwe.
Ngomkhawulo, basebenzisa iFomuethine kubantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-65, ngoba izinso nezinye izitho ezinesifo sikashukela esinobudala obukhulu azikho sesimweni esihle kakhulu, futhi nengozi yokuthola i-lactic acidosis inyuka.
Imiphumela emibi kanye ne-overdose
Uma kuqhathaniswa nokubuyekezwa kwezinkundla ezithinta izihloko, abanesifo sikashukela se-formimetin babekezelela ngokujwayelekile. Noma kunjalo, lo myalezo uqukethe izinkomba eziningi zemiphumela engaba khona uma kwenzeka kuba nesidakamizwa ngokweqile noma izici zomzimba ngamunye.
- Amapheshana wesisu. Kwesinye isikhathi (ngamaphesenti ama-3%) ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, ukwephula isigqi sokusilela, ukungabibikho kokudla, nobuhlungu be-epigastrium kuyaqoshwa.
- Allergy Ukuphendula kuboniswa ngesimo sokugoqa (izandla, isifuba, izihlathi), ukulunywa nokuqina kokuzwela kwesikhumba. Ezimweni ezingavamile, umkhuhlane kungenzeka.
- Uhlelo lwe-Endocrine. I-Hypoglycemia yenzeka lapho kunokudla okungahambisani nezinye izidakamizwa ezithuthukisa amandla e-metformin, ngokushintshwa kwerejimeni yemithamo nemithamo ye-formin.
- Ukukhohlisa umzimba. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, i-lactic acidosis iyabhekwa - isimo esiyingozi esidinga ukuhoxiswa ngokushesha komuthi nokwelashwa okukhethekile.
- Ngokusebenzisa isikhathi eside i-metformin, ukumunca kwayo kuya kuba kubi, lokhu kuthinta okuqukethwe kwe-vithamini B12 (ngokweqile kungenzeka).
- Uhlelo lokujikeleza. Kukhona iziqephu (ezingandile) ze-megaloblastic anemia.
Ngokwezibalo, imiphumela emibi ivame ukubonakaliswa esigabeni sokuqala sokwelashwa, kuze kube yilapho umzimba uvumelana nezimo ezintsha. Ngokusetshenziswa njalo emva kwenyanga, izimpawu eziningi ziyanyamalala ngaphandle kokulungiswa kwerejimeni yokwelashwa. Ngemiphumela emibi kakhulu, udokotela angabeka i-antispasmodic noma i-antacid.
Uma ngephutha noma ngamabomu ukwandisa umthamo amahlandla amaningi, imiphumela ingaba bucayi (kuze kube sekufeni). I-Lactic acidosis iyenzeka futhi uma umthamo ubonwa, uma izinso zenqaba ukufaka ama-metabolites ngesikhathi.
Izimpawu zokuqala ze-lactic acidosis:
- Ukwehla okukhulu komfutho wegazi;
- I-Myalgia;
- Umkhuhlane noma ukubanda;
- Ukwehla kwenhliziyo
- Ukuxhumana okungahambi kahle;
- Ukuphefumula
- Isifo sikashukela sikashukela.
Uma kunezimpawu ezimbalwa ezisohlwini, ukusetshenziswa kwomuthi kuyamiswa, isisulu sinikezwe ama-drabents ukukhipha ipheshana lesisu eziseleni zemithi engafinyelelwanga, futhi bacela usizo lodokotela. Ngesikhathi sokulaliswa esibhedlela, i-hemodialysis yenziwa, ukwelashwa okunezimpawu kunqunywe.
Imiphumela Yokusebenzelana Kwezidakamizwa
IFommetin umuthi owenziwa endaweni yonke: ungasetshenziselwa i-monotherapy noma uhlanganiswe nezinye izidakamizwa ze-hypoglycemic, kufaka phakathi imijovo ye-insulin.
Kepha kwezinye izimo, ekwelapheni izifo ezibhekene nakho, ukwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kungaba nemiphumela emibi.
- Ngokuphathwa kanyekanye kweDanazol, kukhona ubungozi bomphumela we-hypoglycemic, ngakho-ke umthamo wesidakamizwa kufanele ulawulwe ngokuqinile noma ushintshwe i-analog.
- Lapho kuhlanganiswa ne-cimetidine, i-excretion ye-metformin ivinjelwe, ukuqongelela kwayo emzimbeni kunganikeza umphumela ongalawulwa we-hypoglycemic.
- Amathuba okuphuma kwe-coumarin akhawulelwe yi-metformin.
- Ukwelashwa okuhlanganisiwe nge-carbazole, NSAIDs, clofibrate, insulin, ACE inhibitors, cytophosphamide, β-blockers, sulfonylureas, oxytetracycline kuthuthukisa umsebenzi we-metformin.
- Ukuphathwa okufanayo kwe-glucagon, i-epinephrine, i-thiazide diuretics, ama-hormone e-thyroid kuvimbela umsebenzi we-formin.
Lapho usebenzisa izindlela zokuvimbela inzalo ngomlomo, owesifazane kufanele abike izinhlobo zezidakamizwa ku-endocrinologist ukuze alungise umthamo weFomuetin. Ungayikhiphi futhi ngokuhambisana ne-Nifedipine, ekhulisa izinga le-metformin egazini, isheshise ukumunca kwayo, yehlisa ukuhoxa. Uma kunezinkinga ngezinso, umphumela onjalo ungavusa isigaxa.
Uma umuthi wenziwa ngesisekelo se-ethanol, ngokuhlanganiswa ne-metformin, ubungozi be-lactic acidosis banda kakhulu.
IFommetin - i-analogues
Eqenjini (imishanguzo yesifo somlomo) kanye nengxenye esebenzayo (metformin hydrochloride), izidakamizwa ezilandelayo ziyahlangana: Metamine, Bagomet, NovoFormin, IFomu.
Ngokwamandla okwelapha kaFomuetin ziyefana:
- I-Lymphomyozot;
- I-Multisorb;
- UGlidiab;
- UJanuvius;
- I-Baeta;
- Glucobay;
- UGlemaz;
- I-Apidra
- IGlurenorm;
- I-Piroglar;
- Levemir Flekspen;
- Levemir Penfill;
- Avandia
Ukukhethwa kwezinye izidakamizwa ezinciphisa ushukela emakethe yezemithi kukhulu, ngisho nochwepheshe kunzima ukuhamba ngendlela enjalo. Yebo, nabanesifo sikashukela ukuzihlola impilo yabo. Ngakho-ke, akufanele uncike embonweni womakhelwane noma wokukhangisa kule ndaba. Udokotela kuphela ozokhetha okunye esikhundleni esiphumelelayo, ebheka ubulukhuni besi sifo nempilo ejwayelekile.
Imibono yabantu abanesifo sikashukela kuFomu
Mayelana neFomu, ukubuyekezwa kwabanesifo sikashukela kuxubekile. Labo abathatha umuthi isikhathi eside, bawuqaphele umphumela wawo omuhle. Wabasaqalayo bakhala ngemiphumela emibi. Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kwe-dyspeptic kunyamalala ngokwabo ngemuva kwamasonto ambalwa, uma ungalinganisi nokuqokwa kukadokotela. Yize imikhawulo yobudala eboniswe kwimiyalo kumele ibhekwe.
I -formformin-based metformin ingumuthi wasekhaya onobufakazi obukhulu. Ezimweni eziningi, ikakhulukazi ngesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, akukho okunye okungenziwa ngokutholakala kwe-metformin. Ngakho-ke, ungagijimeli iziphetho ngokusebenza kwaso, kungcono ukusiza umzimba uzivumelanise nomuthi omusha ngosizo lokudla, isimo esifanele sokwelashwa kanye nesethi efanelekile yokuzivocavoca yezempilo. Ngaphandle kwale ndlela, umuthi omusha kakhulu ngeke usebenze.
